Long‐term Effects of Pyrethrin and Cyfluthrin,a Type II Synthetic Pyrethroid,Insecticide Applications on Bull Reproductive Parameters          下载免费PDF全文

JL Stewart  CF Shipley  FA Ireland  VL Jarrell  CL Timlin  DW Shike  TL Felix 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):680-687

The objectives of this study were to determine effects of cyfluthrin and pyrethrin spray products, used in combination with cyfluthrin topical and ear tag applications, on bull reproductive parameters over 18 weeks. Angus or Angus x Simmental bulls were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: (i) no exposure to pyrethrins/cyfluthrin (CONT; n = 10), (ii) cyfluthrin ear tag and topical applications (ET; n = 10), or (iii) cyfluthrin ear tag, topical, premise spray and pyrethrin fog spray applications (ET+S; n = 8). Bull body weight was measured every 3 week, and body condition score and scrotal circumference were recorded on weeks 0, 9 and 18. Semen and serum were collected every 3 weeks for sperm evaluation and testosterone measurement, respectively. There was a treatment × week interaction (p < 0.01) for sperm with primary defects; bulls in CONT group had a greater (p = 0.01) percentage of sperm with primary defects than bulls treated with insecticides at week 18. Overall and progressive sperm motility, normal sperm morphology, secondary sperm defects and serum testosterone concentrations changed (p < 0.01) over time in all bulls; however, treatment did not affect (p ≥ 0.13) any of these parameters. There were also no treatment effects (p ≥ 0.08) on bull body weight, body condition score or scrotal circumference. The use of pyrethrin‐ and cyfluthrin‐based insecticides, regardless of application, did not negatively affect reproductive parameters in beef bulls when administered over 18 weeks.  相似文献   

The first reported case of equine Nocardioform placentitis in New Zealand     

DW Hanlon  AD McLachlan  I Gibson 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2016,64(3):198-199

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Studies in Pullorum Disease: XXII. Technical of the In direct Complete-fixation Test for Activity with Salmonella pullorum Antigens     

Christine E. Rice 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1948,12(5):130-136

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Adenovirus precipitating antibodies in the sera of brush-tailed possums in New Zealand     

Rice M  Wilks CR  Pfeiffer D  Jackson R 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1991,39(2):58-60

Sera collected from the Australian brush-tailed possum Trichosurus vulpecula in New Zealand in 1975 and 1989 were tested for the presence of antibodies to adenovirus. Of the 231 sera tested in an agar gel diffusion test, eight (3.5%) had precipitating antibodies to the group specific antigen of mammalian adenoviruses. Available data allowed 99/231 sera to be classified as being obtained from either adult (total 62) or sexually immature (total 37) possums. From the adult animals, 4/62 (6.5%) sera were positive, while no reactive sera were detected among the 37 immature animals. The results provide evidence that natural infection by an adenovirus occurs in possums in New Zealand. Further work needs to be carried out to isolate this adenovirus to enable detailed serological and epidemiological studies to be performed. A species-specific possum adenovirus could have potential in the biological control of this species.  相似文献   

Isolation of a reovirus from a broiler chicken flock with high early mortality     

Saifuddin M  Wilks CR  Christensen NH  Fu ZF  Rice M 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1989,37(1):12-14

A reovirus was isolated from a flock of 12,000 broiler chickens which experienced a total mortality of 6.3% up to 35 days. The reovirus produced large syncytia in primary chicken kidney cell cultures with eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion body formation. Infected cells reacted with fluorescein conjugated specific anti-reovirus serum. Negatively strained virions had a double shelled appearance with overall diameter of 65 to 70 nm. The nucleic acid had ten discrete segments with electrophoretic mobilities as would be expected for a reovirus.  相似文献   

THE OHIO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE     

Rice EL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1915,41(1044):35-36

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Patterns of stomatal conductance among blue oak (Quercus douglasii) size classes and populations: implications for seedling establishment     

Matzner SL  Rice KJ  Richards JH 《Tree physiology》2003,23(11):777-784

Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn. (blue oak) is a deciduous white oak that is currently failing to regenerate throughout much of its range in California, USA. Patterns of water use were observed in adult trees, saplings and seedlings to determine if ontogenetic changes in water use occur, which might be important in the establishment of this long-lived perennial species in a Mediterranean-type system. Seasonal and diurnal stomatal conductance (g(s)), late-season predawn xylem water potentials (Psi(pre)), carbon isotopic ratio (delta(13)C) and soil water status were compared among the three size classes at three sites differing in mean precipitation and soil water characteristics. Comparisons were also made between microsites with and without regeneration (defined by the presence or absence of saplings). Overall patterns of water use were consistent among the three sites, except that, at the site with the highest rainfall, Q. douglasii plants had higher g(s) and more positive Psi(pre) values. Although no differences in water use patterns were found between regeneration and non-regeneration microsites, the observed ontogenetic differences in water use may have important implications for Q. douglasii establishment. Compared with adult trees and saplings, seedlings had higher gas exchange rates during periods of high soil water content (early in the season and in the morning). Seedling g(s) was correlated with percent extractable soil water (ESW) throughout the season; adult tree and sapling g(s) was correlated with ESW between June and September. Despite experiencing greater water stress (indicated by more negative Psi(pre) values) than older trees, seedlings had more negative delta(13)C values, implying lower water-use efficiencies.  相似文献   

Estimating the moisture excluding effectiveness of surface coatings on Southern Yellow pine using acoustic emission technology     

R. W. Rice  D. P. Phillips 《Wood Science and Technology》2001,34(6):533-542

In this research, acoustic emission technology was used to estimate the moisture excluding effectiveness of coatings on wood. Moisture interaction with wood causes damage, and coatings such as paints and varnishes can effectively limit this interaction. Over time, the moisture excluding effectiveness of wood is reduced by the actions of weathering and the resulting wood-water interaction leads to problems due to the dimensional instability of the wood. Five coating types, at two spreading levels, were applied to samples of southern yellow pine. The samples were exposed to three weathering conditions to simulate the effects of exposure then immersed in water while the moisture interaction was monitored using acoustic emission monitoring equipment. Cumulative counts as well as changes in size and moisture content were measured or calculated. The results show that acoustic emission technology is an effective and sensitive estimator of the moisture excluding effectiveness of coatings on wood. The acoustic emission method is sensitive to local changes and coating fractures whereas the more traditional methods are sensitive to gross changes in sample characteristics. Of five coatings tested, the most effective one was found to be an oil-based paint, and the worst performance was by a water-based, clear poly-urethane. Received: 10 September 1998  相似文献   

THE OHIO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE     

Rice EL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1920,52(1336):136-138

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CHARLES PROTEUS STEINMETZ     

Rice EW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1923,58(1507):388-390

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