不同海拔下甲醇替代率和主喷正时对RCCI发动机性能的影响     

黄粉莲  佘超杰  万明定  杨仕臣  雷基林  申立忠 《农业工程学报》2024,40(5):71-81

为探究不同海拔条件下甲醇/柴油反应活性控制压燃（reactivity controlled compression ignition, RCCI）发动机的运行特性,该研究基于甲醇/柴油双燃料发动机试验台架,试验研究1 800r/min、100%负荷和3 200r/min、100%负荷下不同甲醇替代率、柴油喷射正时对发动机燃烧与排放性能的影响规律。结果表明：不同海拔条件下随着甲醇替代率的增加,缸压和瞬时放热率峰值逐渐升高,燃烧始点和燃烧中心前移,当量有效燃油消耗率（equivalent brake specific fuel consumption, ESFC）降低,有效热效率升高,NO_x和碳烟排放大幅降低,THC（total hydrocarbons）和CO排放增加。1 800 r/min、100%负荷工况下,甲醇替代率由0增至20%,0、1 000、2 000m海拔下最大缸压平均增加1.72MPa,瞬时放热率峰值平均升高25.08J/(°),ESFC平均降低4.67%,有效热效率平均升高4.90%,NO_x和碳烟排放分别平均降低16.63%和50%,THC和CO排放量分别平均增加142.03、388.18 mg/kg。3 200 r/min下甲醇替代率由0增至7%,不同海拔高度下ESFC平均降低1.76%,有效热效率平均升高1.79%,NO_x和碳烟排放量分别平均降低8.17%和20.70%。海拔高度由0升至2 000m,1 800r/min、20%甲醇替代率与3 200r/min、7%甲醇替代率下,瞬时放热率峰值分别降低4.80和8.08J/(°),燃烧中心分别推迟1.44°和1.43°,有效热效率分别降低0.82%和0.68%,ESFC分别升高2.10%和1.99%,NO_x排放量分别减少10.61%和7.35%,碳烟排放分别增加26.54%和32.12%,THC排放分别升高29.88%和15.45%,CO排放量分别增加22.42%和18.15%。固定甲醇替代率后,随着柴油主喷正时提前,不同海拔条件下缸压和放热率峰值逐渐升高,燃烧中心向上止点靠近,ESFC逐渐降低,有效热效率升高,碳烟排放减少,NO_x、THC和CO排放增加。1 800 r/min、15%甲醇替代率下,主喷正时从-1.5°提前至-7.5°,不同海拔高度下ESFC平均降低8.27%,有效热效率平均升高9.08%,碳烟排放平均减少90.94%。为提升高海拔条件下甲醇/柴油RCCI发动机的热效率和燃油经济性,可以适当增大柴油主喷正时。研究结果可为不同海拔环境下甲醇/柴油RCCI发动机燃烧与污染物排放控制优化提供参考。  相似文献   

胚培杏新品种———山农凯新1号   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8  

陈学森  束怀瑞  李宪利  高东升  张艳敏  沈向  陈晓流  何天明 《园艺学报》2005,32(1):176-176

 ‘山农凯新1号’是以丰产性强的‘凯特’杏为母本, 以品质优良的‘新世纪’杏为父本进行有性杂交, 结合胚培技术育成的新品种, 具有成熟早、香味浓、品质优、自交坐果率高、丰产性强等特点。  相似文献   

不同绵羊品种褪黑激素的季节性及昼夜变化规律研究     

陈玉林  张小辉 《家畜生态》2005,(1)

系统研究了小尾寒羊、同羊、滩羊血液褪黑激素在春分、夏至、秋分时的昼夜变化规律,发现绵羊血液中褪黑激素存在着明显的季节性变化,在春分和秋分时平均含量相对较低,在夏至时明显升高。在夏至和秋分时,小尾寒羊和同羊血液中褪黑激素比滩羊低,在春分时,小尾寒羊褪黑激素比同羊和滩羊高。  相似文献   

乌梁素海生态恢复机理与工程技术的研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

尚士友  杜健民  厚福祥  申庆泰  王丽敏 《干旱区资源与环境》2003,17(6):50-54

在我国干旱区典型草型湖泊—乌梁素海设立试验基地 ,进行生态恢复工程试验研究。研究表明 :乌梁素海受富营养化影响 ,正在向芦苇沼泽—碱蓬盐化草甸—白刺荒漠方向演化。生态恢复机理是 :( 1 )减少大型水生植物有机氮、磷向底质的沉降 ,削弱内源性营养物负荷的积累与储备 ;( 2 )减少大型水生植物死亡后矿化成氨态氮 ;( 3)控制底质中有机氮向水体释放生成氨态氮。采用机械化方式收割大型水生植物转移营养盐 ,抑制生物促淤效应以及对芦苇区进行园田化生态管理是乌梁素海生态恢复的关键技术 ,也是乌梁素海环境与资源持续发展的核心问题  相似文献   

内蒙古地区提高天然降水利用率实用技术及其评价     

白美兰  沈建国 《干旱区资源与环境》2003,17(6):113-118

本文针对内蒙古地区水资源短缺 ,旱灾发生频繁的现状及天然降水利用效率不高的特点 ,结合国内外现有的科研与技术成果 ,根据地处干旱、半干旱地区内蒙古的气候特点 ,提出提高天然降水利用率的各种实用技术方法。并利用地理信息技术 ,根据各种实用技术方法的指标要求 ,结合内蒙古的地形、坡度状况、土壤类型和气象条件 ,在雨养农业区进行实用技术方法的优化分区 ,区划出适宜区域。  相似文献   

Study on adherent precursors from human cord blood     

AN Xiao-hui  CAI Guo-ping 《园艺学报》2003,19(11):1449-1452

AIM: To confirm the existence of the endothelial progenitor cells in human cord blood and to study its differentiation and development process. METHODS: The mononuclear cells in human cord blood were isolated using lymphocyte separation solution. Then the mononuclear cells were cltured in MCDB131 containing 20% fetal bovine serum. The effects of 5 μmol/L dexamethasone, the extract from bovine brain, insulin and hypoxanine on the proliferation and differentiation of the adherent cells were observed. The morphology of the adherent cells were examined twice daily by inverted phase contrast microscope. CD34 and CD14 expression were determined by FACS. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the expression of factor Ⅷ. RESULTS: The proliferative endothelial progenitor cells existed within the CD34^-adherent mononuclear cells of human cord blood. Dexamethasone and hypoxanine decreased the number of spindle-shaped cells and caudated cells. Bovine brain extract, insulin and FCS enhanced the number of spindle-shaped cells and caudated cells. CONCLUSION: The existence of endothelial progenitor cells within the CD34 - adherent monouclear cells of the human cord blood was observed and these cells were able to differentiate into endothelial-like cells in vitro.  相似文献   

水稻白叶枯病菌对噻枯唑的抗药性监测   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

沈光斌  周明国 《植物保护》2002,28(1):9-11

采用活体寄主法和离体含药平板法 ,测定了 1999年安徽省滁州市田间水稻白叶枯病菌对噻枯唑的抗药性。结果表明 ,在水稻活体上存在噻枯唑抗药突变体 ,其比例为67.65%,比1997、1998年有较大程度升高 ,但是离体含药平板上未能监测到抗药突变体。  相似文献   

Effect of heat shock precondition on reperfusion arrhythmia in rats     

XIE Zi-an  HUANG Yuan-wei  HU Shen-jiang  XIA Qiang  SHEN Yue-liang 《园艺学报》2002,18(5):449-453

AIM:To investigate the effect of the heat shock response on the reperfusion arrhythmias(RAs) and the possible mechanism involved. METHODS:Fifty-five Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the heat shock group (group H,n=29) and the control group (group C,n=26). The rats in group H were preconditioned with heat shock 24 hours before, and that in group C were not. The hearts of 16 rats in group H and 16 in group C were exercised and mounted on a non-circulating Langendorff perfusion apparatus and perfused retrogradely with modified K-H buffer and mimic ischemia/reperfusion was applied. Additionally, conventional intracellular microelectrode techniques were used for recording such electrophysiological parameters as resting potential(RP), action potential amplitude(APA), over shot(OS), maximum depolarization velocity(Vmax) of the hearts of other 13 rats in group H and 10 in group C. RESULTS:①Prior heat stress significantly decreased reperfusion arrhythmia. ②The amount of CK release in the effluent in group H was much less than that in group C. ③Myocardial HSP70 content was elevated significantly in group H. ④Heat stress significantly increased myocardial anti-oxydases activity and decreased lipid peroxydative products. Additionally, heat stress significantly reduced the Vmax of action potential. It indicated that rapid Na⁺ channel of papillary muscles may be inhibited by heat shock. The degree of change of Vmax after ischemia in H group was significantly less than that in group C. And the time of reperfusoin with Tyrode's solution till the action potential appeared as large as that before perfusion with mimic ischemic solution is shorter in group H than in group C. CONCLUSION:Heat shock pretreatment markedly reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury of heart and ventricular arrhythmias in rats and this effect may be associated with the inhibition of rapid Na⁺ channel of papillary muscles by heat shock and the increase in myocardial HSP70 and anti-oxydase activity.  相似文献   

In vitro growth inhibition effects of rhHGF/cHGF on SMMC-7721 human HCC cell line     

YU Wei-ping  WEI Kai-bin  GAO Lei  SHEN Cheng-xing  ZHANG Rong  WANG Guo-zhen 《园艺学报》2002,18(3):256-258

AIM:To examine the effects of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor(rhHGF) and native calf HGF(cHGF) on SMMC-7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell line. METHODS:Human HCC cell line culture, photometric assay, and flow cytometric assay were used in this study .RESULTS:A similar type of dose-dependent cell growth inhibition effect on SMMC-7721 human HCC cells by rhHGF(5-20 μg/L) as well as by cHGF(25-100 mg/L) had been found, with the maximal effect at the highest concentration used. Approximately over 50% of the cells treated with rhHGF(5 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 20 μg/L) accumulated in the quiescent G₀/G₁ phase of the cell cycle over incubation periods for 3 d. CONCLUSION:The growth of SMMC-7721 human HCC cells was strongly inhibited by both rhHGF and cHGF. This might be because the cells exposed to HGF became arrested in the G₀/G₁ phase.  相似文献   

Effects of Taoren Honghua Jian on the hyperlipidemia without symptom     

CHEN Xiao-yin  ZHANG Qun  YANG Qin-he  XIE Qiu-ling  SHEN Qiang  XU Yun-sheng 《园艺学报》2002,18(12):1529-1531

AIM: To examine the effect of traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua(semen persicae-flos carthami) decoction, on hyperlipidemia without symptom. METHODS: The plasma TC, TG, LDL, HDL, apolipoprotein(Apo) A, Apo Bof the patients with hyperlipidemia without symptom were measured using automatic analyzer (shimadiu CL-7200), the production of nitric oxide(NO) was detected by Greiss reaction, and SODactivity and MDAformation were examined using o-trihydroxy benzene and barbituric methotheds, respectively. RESULTS: After oral administration of Taoren Honghua decoction, the plasma levels of TC, TG, LDL, and MDAof the patients were markedly decreased, however, the plasma levels of ApoA, HDL, SODand NOwere significantly increased and almost no change was detected in the plasma level of Apo B. In control group, it was found that although the plasma level of TC, TG and LDL were decreased ( P<0.05 ) and ApoAas well as HDLwere increased, ApoB, SOD, MDA and NO production were all unchanged. CONCLUSION: The traditional chinese medicine recipe, Taoren Honghua decoction,has a significant therapeutic effect on patients with hyperlipidemia by removing blood stasis, promoting qi circulation and in turn reducing blood lipid level.  相似文献