2.14 In vitro methods for monitoring flusilazole sensitivity in populations of Venturia inaequalis (apple scab) and Cercosporidium personatum (peanut late leaf spot)     

C. M. SMITH  A. E. TRIVELLAS  L. E. B. JOHNSON 《EPPO Bulletin》1991,21(2):323-328

  相似文献   

Inhibition by bacterial lipopolysaccharide of wilt induced by phytopathogenic bacteria in cut cherry shoots, and of cherry canker disease     

R. C. HIGNETT  S. E. ZAMZE  S. M. MUNRO  A. R. W. SMITH 《Plant pathology》1986,35(3):270-276

Virulent phytopathogenic bacteria and their less virulent mutants induced wilt in cut cherry shoots treated with cell suspensions. Both heterologous and homologous bacteria induced the will reaction. The wilt-inducing isolates also caused the hypersensitive response in tobacco. An avirulent capsulaled mutant of Erwinia amylovora did not elicit either response. Non-phytopathogens did not cause wilting to occur. All the tested isolates aggregated after entry into plant tissues whether wilting occurred or not, but did not aggregate in suspensions in contact with cut shoots. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide or sidechain carbohydrate derived from lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas syringae pv. morsprunorum protected shoots against wilt when administered with the same bacterial isolate. These substances also inhibited cherry canker disease in susceptible mature trees when applied before inoculation to leaf-scar inoculation sites. Inhibition of bacterial adhesion to mature plant tissues treated with lipopolysaccharide or sidechain is suggested as a cause of disease inhibition. The wilt reaction may provide a rapid test of phytopathogenicity.  相似文献   

Total intravenous anesthesia with ketamine–medetomidine–propofol in horses     

MA Umar  K Yamashita  T Kushiro  WW Muir 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(4):18-19

Propofol is a potentially useful intravenous anesthetic agent for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in horses. The purpose of this study was to compare the anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of TIVA following the administration of propofol alone(P–TIVA) and ketamine–medetomidine–propofol (KM–P–TIVA) in adult horses. The carotid artery was translocated to a subcutaneous position during TIVA with P–TIVA (n = 6) or KM–P–TIVA (n = 6). All horses were premedicated with medetomidine [0.005 mg kg^–1, intravenously (IV)]. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam (0.04 mg kg^–1 IV) and ketamine (2.5 mg kg IV). All horses were orotracheally intubated and breathed 100% oxygen. The KM drug combination (ketamine 40 mg mL^–1 and medetomidine 0.05 mg mL^–1) was infused at a rate of 0.025 mL kg^–1 hour^–1. Subsequently, a loading dose of propofol (0.5 mg kg^–1, bolus IV) was administered to all horses; surgical anesthesia (determined by horse response to incision and surgical manipulation, positive response being purposeful or spontaneous movement of limbs or head) was maintained by varying the propofol infusion rate as needed. Arterial blood pressure and HR were also monitored. Both methods of producing TIVA provided excellent general anesthesia for the surgical procedure. Anesthesia time was 115 ± 17 (mean ± SD) and 112 ± 11 minutes in horses anesthetized with KM–P–TIVA and P–TIVA, respectively. The infusion rate of propofol required to maintain surgical anesthesia with KM–P–TIVA was significantly less than for P–TIVA (mean infusion rate of propofol during anesthesia; KM–P–TIVA 0.15 0.02 P–TIVA 0.23 ± 0.03 mg kg^–1 minute^–1, p = 0.004). Apnea occurred in all horses lasting 1–2 minutes and intermittent positive pressure ventilation was started. Cardiovascular function was maintained during both methods of producing TIVA. There were no differences in the time to standing after the cessation of anesthesia (KM–P–TIVA 62 ± 10 minutes versus P–TIVA 87 ± 36 minutes, p = 0.150). The quality of recovery was good in KM–P–TIVA and satisfactory in P–TIVA. KM–P–TIVA and P–TIVA produced clinically useful general anesthesia with minimum cardiovascular depression. Positive pressure ventilation was required to treat respiratory depression. Respiratory depression and apnea must be considered prior to the use of propofol in the horse.  相似文献   

Carcinogen in rock fern (Chielanthes sieberi) from New Zealand and Australia     

BL SMITH  PP EMBLING  DR LAUREN  MP AGNEW  AD ROSS  PL GREENTREE 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(7):230-231

  相似文献   

Soil persistence studies with [¹⁴C]MCPA in combination with other herbicides and pesticides     

ALLAN E. SMITH 《Weed Research》1982,22(3):137-142

The persistence of [¹⁴C]MCPA at a rate equivalent to 1 kg ha^?1 was studied under laboratory conditions in a clay loam, heavy clay and sandy loam at 85% of field capacity moisture and 20±1°C both alone and in the presence of tri-allate, trifluralin, tri-allate and trifluralin, malathion, Vitaflow DB, malathion and Vitaflow DB, bromoxynil, bromoxynil and asulam, bromoxynil and difenzoquat, dicamba, dicamba and mecoprop, linuron, MCPB, metribuzin, propanil, TCA, benzoylprop-ethyl, diclofop-methyl, and flamprop-methyl. Except in the soils treated with asulam, the half-lives of [¹⁴C]MCPA in all three soil types were similar, being approximately 13±1 days, thus indicating that none of the other chemicals studied adversely affected the soil degradation of MCPA. In the asulam treated soils, the half-lives of the MCPA were about 3 days longer than in non-asulam treated soils; the effect was most marked in the clay loam.  相似文献   

A Comparison of Spondylosis Deformans in the English and Swedish Cat and in the English Dog     

ROSEMARY M. READ  R. N. SMITH 《The Journal of small animal practice》1968,9(4):159-166

  相似文献   

Use of spay hook in baby pig castration     

SANGER VL  SMITH HR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1958,133(12):598-600

  相似文献   

Tolerance of Tomatoes to Pyrenochaeta lycopersici: Comparison of a Tolerant Line with a Susceptible Cultivar in Infested Soils   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

MARION H. EBBEN  J. W. MAXON SMITH  ENID A. TURNER 《Plant pathology》1978,27(2):91-96

  相似文献   

CARDIOVASCULAR AND GASTROINTESTINAL RADIOGRAPHIC CONTRAST STUDIES IN THE HORSESHOE CRAB (LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS)     

TIM SPOTSWOOD  STEPHEN A. SMITH 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(1):14-20

Survey and contrast radiographic studies of the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) were undertaken using conventional and flouroscopic techniques. Normal gastrointestinal and cardiovascular structures were difficult to resolve on survey radiographs, but were well visualized with gastrointestinal follow through studies and angiography, respectively. All three contrast agents (iohexol, Gastrografin, and barium sulfate) used for the gastrointestinal studies varied minimally in their radiographic quality and transit times, and all appeared to be safe for use in the horseshoe crab.  相似文献   

National control measures for Synchytrium endobioticum1     

D. G. McNAMARA  I. M. SMITH 《EPPO Bulletin》1998,28(4):507-511

Although Synchytrium endobioticum has been found in almost all potato-growing countries of the EPPO region, it is absent from the great majority of fields. A few plots scattered across the potato-growing areas have been ‘scheduled’ as infested but potatoes are not grown on them. The disease is accordingly hardly ever seen. This is the result of continent-wide multiyear campaign of potato wart control within countries, according to which it is prohibited to grow potatoes on infested plots, and only resistant cultivars may be grown in a safety zone around them. S. endobioticum can persist for several decades in soil, as resting spores, but it is now dying out in plots that have been subject to the control campaign for a sufficiently long period. Procedures are now being agreed for officially ‘descheduling’ such plots.  相似文献