Effect of Ischemia and Reperfusion on Neutrophil Accumulation in Equine Microvascular Tissue Flaps   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W. Michael Scott  DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    J. David Fowler  DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    Gilbert Matte  PhD    rew L. Allen  DVM  MVSc  PhD    A. A. Wilkinson  MA  MB  BChir  MSc  FRCPC    Jeremy V. Bailey  BVSc  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS  Peter B. Fretz  VMD  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1999,28(3):180-187

Objective— To investigate neutrophil accumulation after ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in microvascular tissue flaps in horses.
Study Design— Randomized controlled experiment.
Sample Population— A total of 8 horses between 1 and 10 years of age, 4 of each sex.
Methods— Control and experimental myocutaneous island flaps based on the superficial branch of the deep circumflex iliac vessels were dissected on each horse. Atraumatic vascular clamps were applied to the pedicle of the experimental flap for 90 minutes and then removed to allow reperfusion. Based on the assumption that rapid infiltration of neutrophils into affected tissues is a hallmark of IR injury, radiolabeled autogenous leukocytes were used to indirectly quantify neutrophil accumulation in flap tissues. Labeled leukocytes were administered through a jugular catheter 30 minutes before flap reperfusion. Biopsies were collected from each flap over a 6 hour postischemia time period; in group 1 (  n = 4  ) from 0 to 6 hours postischemia, and in group 2 (  n = 4  ) from 24 to 30 hours postischemia. Biopsies were examined scintigraphically and histologically for evidence of neutrophil infiltration.
Results— All control flaps survived and 6 of 8 experimental flaps survived. There was no significant evidence of acute neutrophil infiltration into flap tissues after reperfusion in either group.
Conclusions— The results of this study suggest that equine myocutaneous flap tissues can survive a 90-minute ischemic period and reperfusion. No significant evidence of the occurrence of IR injury in flap tissues was found.
Clinical Relevance— The reasons for the previously reported failures of equine free tissue transfer remain uncertain, but they do not appear to be caused by neutrophil mediated injury associated with ischemia and reperfusion.  相似文献   

Half-Body Radiotherapy     

Elizabeth J. Laing DVM  DVSc    Peter J. Fitzpatrick MB  BS  FRCP  FRCR    AIan M. Norris DVM    AIlen Mosseri MSc    Walter D. Rider MB  FRCP  FRCP    AIlen G. Binnington DVM  MSc    Angela Baur BVSc  V. E. Valli DVM  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1989,3(2):96-101

Eight healthy mongrel dogs were treated with half-body irradiation (HBI) in a pilot study to evaluate the technique and radiotolerance of different organs. Cranial and caudal half-body fields were established using the 13th thoracic vertebra as the dividing point. Under general anesthesia, either 7 or 8 Gray (Gy) were delivered to one half of the body using opposing radiation portals. The other half of the body was similarly treated 28 days later. The dogs were monitored for 12 months. Significant radiation effects included transient bone marrow suppression and radiation sickness. There were no serious or life-threatening problems, but the 8 Gy group consistently showed more severe clinical signs and histologic changes than the 7 Gy group. Total body irradiation in two fractions of 7 or 8 Gy given 1 month apart appears to be a safe treatment that can be developed for therapy in veterinary oncology.  相似文献   

Microneurovascular Free Digital Pad Transfer in the Dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ANTHONY W. P. BASHER BVetMed  MVSc  MRCVS  DiplomateACVS    J. DAVID FOWLER DVM  MVSc  DiplomateACVS    C. VAUGHAN BOWEN MB  ChB  FRCS    EDWARD G. CLARK DVM  MVSC  DiplomateACVP  NANCY L. CROSBY BSC  AHT 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(3):226-231

By cadaver dissections, the fifth digit of the canine hind limb was determined to have a consistent neurovascular anatomy, and therefore be a suitable donor for an axial pattern digital pad flap. The defined digital pad flap was transferred to the region of an excised metacarpal pad by microneurovascular anastomoses in five operations on four dogs. One flap failure was considered to result from failure of the venous anastomosis. In all four successful transfers, cutaneous sensation was reestablished on average in 78 days. There was histologic evidence of nerve regeneration across the anastomosis in one dog at week 24. The transferred pads of three dogs monitored for 15 months underwent hypertrophic changes. There were no complications in two active dogs. In one dog, superficial ulceration of a region of the flap adjacent to the pad required surgical revision. This dog continued to show mild lameness after daily runs of 3 to 4 km.  相似文献   

Sutured End-to-End and Stapled Side-to-Side Jejunal Anastomoses in the Horse     

GARY M. BAXTER VMD  MS  Dipiomate ACVS    ROBERT J. HUNT DVM  MS    DAVID E. TYLER DVM  PhD    REW H. PARKS MA  vet MB  MRCVS  Dipiomate ACVS  BRADLEY R. JACKMAN DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(1):47-55

Hand sutured end-to-end (EE) and stapled side-to-side (SS) small intestinal anastomoses were performed in 10 healthy adult horses. In five SS anastomoses, staple lines on the blind ends of the jejunum were inverted (SSI) and in five they were not (SSNI). Five EE anastomoses were sutured with polydioxanone and five were sutured with polyglyconate. All horses were euthanatized on day 30. Intra-abdominal adhesions were graded (0-4), and stomal areas were calculated from contrast radiographs made with the bowel distended. Histopathology scores for the anastomoses were based on the degree of inflammation (0-3), fibrosis (0-3), and alignment and healing of intestinal layers (0-3). Mean surgery times +/- standard deviations for EE, SSI, and SSNI techniques were 33.9 +/- 5.4, 36.2 +/- 5.6, and 29.6 +/- 5.9 minutes, respectively. Mean and median stomal areas were 9.4 +/- 5.5 and 8.9 cm2 for EE anastomoses and 17.2 +/- 16.5 and 12.1 cm2 for SS anastomoses. Intra-abdominal adhesions developed in three horses, one of which had clinical signs of colic. Mean histopathology scores for EE and SS anastomoses were 4.8 +/- 2.0 (median = 5) and 4.4 +/- 1.8 (median = 4), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in surgery times, intra-abdominal adhesion scores, stomal areas, or histopathology scores between small intestinal EE and SS anastomoses in these horses.  相似文献   

Granular cell tumour in the bronchus of a horse     

LM GOODCHILD  AJ DART  MB COLLINS  DR HODGSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(1):16-18

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Radiographic Progression of Osteoarthritis of the Canine Stifle Joint: A Prospective Study     

J. F. Innes  BVSc  PhD    M. Costello  MVB    F. J. Barr  MA  Vet.  MB    H. Rudorf  Dr. Med. Vet.    A. R. S. Barr  MA  Vet.  MB  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(2):143-148

A radiographic scoring system for features of osteoarthritis of the canine stifle joint was devised. Intra- and inter-rater agreement was assessed by calculation of unweighted kappa statistics. "Global score," "effusion," "osteophytosis," and "intra-articular mineralization" were all features that had acceptable reliability, but "subchondral sclerosis" did not. The scoring system was used in a 13-month prospective study of the radiographic progression of osteoarthritis of the stifle joint, secondary to cranial cruciate ligament deficiency, in 58 dogs. In the index stifle joints all features were characterized by significant change over time, but osteophytosis had the greatest degree of change. In addition, 40% of contralateral joints showed progressive osteophytosis.  相似文献   

Defining a Safe Corridor for Transcondylar Screw Insertion Across the Canine Humeral Condyle: A Comparison of Medial and Lateral Surgical Approaches     

Duncan M. Barnes MA Vet MB CertSAS  Andy P. Morris BSc BVSc Cert AVP  Angus A. Anderson BVetMed PhD DSAS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(8):1020-1031

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The Effect of Season on Semen Characteristics and Freezability in Bos indicus and Bos taurus Bulls in the Southeastern Region of Brazil     

MB Koivisto  MTA Costa  SHV Perri  WRR Vicente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(4):587-592

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of season in southeast of Brazil comparing genotypes on semen characteristics, freezability and peripheral plasma concentrations of testosterone. Ejaculates of five Bos indicus bulls and six Bos taurus bulls were evaluated over a period of 27 months, which was divided into winter (July, August, September), spring (October, November, December), summer (January, February, March) and autumn (April, May, June). Semen was evaluated according to standard procedures for ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, gross-motility, progressive motility and sperm morphology. After preparing and freezing the ejaculates according to commercial procedures, the straws were stored in liquid N₂ until post-thaw evaluation. Ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, gross-motility, progressive sperm motility, vigor and morphological sperm defects were significantly influenced by season and genotype (p < 0.05). Heat tolerance was better in B. indicus bulls than in B. taurus bulls characterized by lower values of sperm abnormalities throughout the observation period. The highest values were recorded for abnormal heads followed by cytoplasmatic droplets in B. taurus bulls. The proportion of ejaculates which were eliminated before freezing for reasons of bad quality was lower in the B. indicus bulls. Temporal changes in peripheral plasma testosterone concentrations were higher in B. indicus bulls than in B. taurus bulls not revealing seasonal influences. The results of this study show clear genotype differences regarding semen quality. Freezability of B. taurus semen varies considerably throughout the year, leading to a high proportion of eliminated ejaculates. Collecting semen from B. taurus bulls during the summer in an artificial insemination centre may not be profitable.  相似文献   

Partial Right Ventriculectomy Using the Incised Patch Technique to Treat Double Chambered Right Ventricle and Chylothorax in a Cat     

DANIEL J. BROCKMAN  BVSc Diplomate ACVS & ECVS    KATE E. BORER  BVSc Cert VA  Diplomate ECVA    STEPHEN J. BAINES  MA Vet MB PhD Diplomate ECVS    DEZ HUGHES  BVSc  Diplomate ACVECC    VIRGINIA LUIS FUENTES  MA Vet MB PhD Diplomate ACVIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(5):631-635

Objective— To report successful surgical treatment of double chambered right ventricle (DCRV) in a cat.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Cat with DCRV.
Methods— DCRV was diagnosed in a 5-month-old male Maine Coon cat using echocardiography and angiocardiography. At 2 years, despite medical therapy, chylothorax developed. A section of the right ventricular free wall that spanned the fibromuscular obstruction was excised under total venous inflow occlusion (TVIO) using the incised pericardial patch technique.
Results— Short-term recovery was complicated by return of chylothorax but this resolved after thoracocentesis and diuretic therapy. Three years after surgery, the cat is free of clinical signs and no longer on any medical therapy.
Conclusions— Partial right ventriculectomy can be performed under TVIO through an incised pericardial patch.
Clinical Relevance— DCRV in cat can be successfully treated by partial right ventriculectomy performed under TVIO through an incised pericardial patch.  相似文献   

RELATIONSHIP AMONG BASILAR ARTERY RESISTANCE INDEX, DEGREE OF VENTRICULOMEGALY, AND CLINICAL SIGNS IN HYDROCEPHALIC DOGS     

Miyoko  Saito  DVM  Natasha J.  Olby  Vet MB  PhD  Kathy  Spaulding  DVM Karen  Mu&#;ana  DVM  MS  Nicholas J.H.  Sharp  BVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):687-694

Forty-four transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies were performed in 36 dogs. The ratio of the height of the ventricle to the height of the brain (VB ratio) was calculated to determine the severity of ventriculomegaly. Resistance index (RI) was calculated from Doppler measurements of the blood flow velocity in the basilar artery and neurologic signs were scored on a scale of 0 to 3. Based on clinical and ultrasonographic findings, dogs were divided into four groups (normal controls, asymptomatic hydrocephalus, symptomatic hydrocephalus, and other intracranial disease). RI and VB ratio were compared between the groups of dogs and compared with neurologic signs in hydrocephalic dogs. RI ranged from 0.50 to 0.81 (mean, 0.68). Resistance index was significantly higher in dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus and other intracranial disease when compared with the other two groups. The degree of ventriculomegaly was significantly higher in dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus than the other groups, but there was substantial overlap between asymptomatic and symptomatic hydrocephalus groups. Combining measurements of VB ratio and RI allowed detection of symptomatic hydrocephalus with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 94%. The severity of neurological signs was significantly correlated with RI and with VB ratio in hydrocephalic dogs, and in dogs evaluated on more than one occasion, changes in neurologic status were accompanied by changes in RI but not in VB ratio. All asymptomatic hydrocephalic dogs with a VB ratio of greater than 60% eventually developed neurologic signs. Our results suggest that ultrasonographic measurement of VB ratio and basilar artery RI may allow identification of dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus or dogs that are at risk of developing symptomatic hydrocephalus. Repeated RI measurements are a useful means of monitoring dogs with a variety of intracranial diseases.  相似文献