Rethinking biorational insecticides for pest management: unintended effects and consequences     

Khalid Haddi  Leonardo M Turchen  Luis O Viteri Jumbo  Raul NC Guedes  Eliseu JG Pereira  Raimundo WS Aguiar  Eugênio E Oliveira 《Pest management science》2020,76(7):2286-2293

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Indian soybean [<Emphasis Type="Italic">Glycine max</Emphasis> (L.) Merr.] revealed by simple sequence repeat markers     

SK Gupta  JG Manjaya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(3):221-231

Genetic diversity in 90 Indian soybean cultivars was assessed using 45 SSR markers distributed on 20 soybean chromosomes. Forty-five SSR markers generated 232 alleles with an average of five alleles/locus. The observed frequencies of the 232 alleles ranged from 0.01 to 0.94 with an average of 0.19. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value of the SSR markers varied from 0.10 to 0.83 with an average of 0.61 and about 71% markers have a PIC value of >0.5. In this study, 54 rare alleles including 19 genotype specific alleles were also identified. The observed hetrozygosity for SSR markers ranged from 0 to 0.11 with a mean of 0.10. Cluster analysis grouped the 90 soybean cultivars into three major clusters and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) results were similar to those of the cluster analysis. A combination of eight SSR markers successfully differentiated all 90 soybean cultivars. The population structure analysis distributed the 90 soybean genotypes into two populations with mean alpha (α) value of 0.1873. In AMOVA analysis, proportion of variation within population was high (88%), whereas only 12% occurred among populations. In cluster and structure analyses, most of the genotypes with similar pedigree were grouped together. Soybean cultivars DS228, MACS-13, LSb-1, Hardee, Improved Pelican, and Pusa-24 were the six most genetically distinct cultivars identified. The study reported a moderate genetic diversity in Indian soybean cultivars and findings would be useful to the soybean breeders in selecting genetically distinct parents for a soybean improvement program.  相似文献   

Findings in cattle consigned to Victorian knackeries between 2009 and 2018     

JG Gibney  SM Pefanis  MJ Jeffers  RJ Suter  JC Hunnam 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(8):396-404

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Investigation of Trichoderma species colonization of nursery grapevines for improved management of black foot disease     

Wynand J van Jaarsveld  Francois Halleen  Michael C Bester  Romain JG Pierron  Elodie Stempien  Lizel Mostert 《Pest management science》2021,77(1):397-405

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Mandibular and sublingual sialocoeles in the dog: A retrospective evaluation of 41 cases,using the ventral approach for treatment     

MJ Ritter  DJF von Pfeil  BJ Stanley  JG Hauptman  R Walshaw 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):333-337

AIMS: To review results of the ventral approach for mandibular and sublingual sialoadenectomy for the treatment of sialocoeles associated with the mandibular and sublingual salivary glands in the dog, and to determine rates of recurrence and complication following this procedure.

METHODS: Thirty-nine dogs with 41 sialocoeles that underwent surgical intervention were retrospectively evaluated with respect to signalment, aetiology, location of sialocoeles, duration of clinical signs, treatment prior to referral, post-operative use of antibiotics and drains, complications, and recurrence.

RESULTS: The mean age at the time of surgery was 5.1 (SD 3.8) years, and duration of clinical signs 6.6 (SD 10.6) months. Long-term follow-up was available for 31 dogs; the minimum was 8 months and mean 47.7 (SD 25.8) months post-surgery. There was no recurrence of sialocoeles following the ventral approach for mandibular and sublingual sialoadenectomy. Post- operatively, 6/35 (17%) cases developed a seroma at the surgical site. No breed or sex predisposition was determined. The cause of the sialocoele was unknown in 36/41 (88%) cases.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Excellent clinical results were achieved with a low rate of complications using the ventral approach for mandibular and sublingual siaload- enectomy. The ventral approach is recommended to minimise the risk of recurrence of sialocoeles.  相似文献   

Advances in Reproductive Science for Wild Carnivore Conservation     

P Comizzoli  AE Crosier  N Songsasen  M Szykman Gunther  JG Howard  DE Wildt 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):47-52

Knowledge about reproduction is critical for predicting the viability of wildlife populations in nature and for managing breeding programmes in captivity. Intensive species-based studies are the priority, because reproductive mechanisms are extraordinarily diverse, even within the same taxonomic family. Carnivores deserve more attention as such species are highly vulnerable to environmental change and human persecution. The present review provides contemporary illustrations of how reproductive science is contributing to understand unique reproductive mechanisms that are both of fundamental and applied interest. In the case of the endangered African wild dog ( Lycaon pictus ) free-living in South Africa, non-invasive faecal corticosteroid assessments have yielded new insights about the impact of animal relocation and reintroduction on adaptive responses, reproductive fitness and survival. For the maned wolf ( Chrysocyon brachyurus ), advances have been made in characterizing and comparing reproductive traits in free-ranging vs captive individuals. For the cheetah ( Acinonyx jubatus ), recent studies have focused on the cryosensitivity of sperm and the ability to develop a field-friendly sperm cryo-method. The by-product has been a large-scale frozen repository of sperm from wild-caught cheetahs useful for infusing new genes into ex situ populations. Finally, rigorous, multi-disciplinary and cross-institutional reproductive studies of the black-footed ferret ( Mustela nigripes ), including the use of artificial insemination, have contributed to the remarkable recovery and restoration of this species, once on the brink of extinction. In summary, advances in reproductive science are not necessarily related to 'assisted breeding'. However, understanding the unique ways of carnivore reproduction greatly contributes to species management and conservation.  相似文献   

Polony multiplex analysis of gene expression (PMAGE) in mouse hypertrophic cardiomyopathy     

Kim JB  Porreca GJ  Song L  Greenway SC  Gorham JM  Church GM  Seidman CE  Seidman JG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5830):1481-1484

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Murine I-A beta chain polymorphism: nucleotide sequences of three allelic I-A beta genes   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

E Choi  K McIntyre  R N Germain  J G Seidman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,221(4607):283-286

The polymorphism of immune response genes plays a critical role in determining the immune capabilities of a particular individual. The molecular nature of this polymorphism was studied by examining the structure of the coding portions of three alleles of the I-A beta chain gene, an immune response gene whose protein product constitutes a subunit of the I-A molecule. Comparison of the I-A beta chains encoded by these alleles revealed an amino acid sequence divergence of 5 to 8 percent. The differences were found to be a series of short alterations clustered in the amino terminal half of the polypeptide.  相似文献   

Dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure caused by a mutation in phospholamban     

Schmitt JP  Kamisago M  Asahi M  Li GH  Ahmad F  Mende U  Kranias EG  MacLennan DH  Seidman JG  Seidman CE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5611):1410-1413

Molecular etiologies of heart failure, an emerging cardiovascular epidemic affecting 4.7 million Americans and costing 17.8 billion health-care dollars annually, remain poorly understood. Here we report that an inherited human dilated cardiomyopathy with refractory congestive heart failure is caused by a dominant Arg --> Cys missense mutation at residue 9 (R9C) in phospholamban (PLN), a transmembrane phosphoprotein that inhibits the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (SERCA2a) pump. Transgenic PLN(R9C) mice recapitulated human heart failure with premature death. Cellular and biochemical studies revealed that, unlike wild-type PLN, PLN(R9C) did not directly inhibit SERCA2a. Rather, PLN(R9C) trapped protein kinase A (PKA), which blocked PKA-mediated phosphorylation of wild-type PLN and in turn delayed decay of calcium transients in myocytes. These results indicate that myocellular calcium dysregulation can initiate human heart failure-a finding that may lead to therapeutic opportunities.  相似文献   

Hierarchical genetic organization of human cortical surface area     

Chen CH  Gutierrez ED  Thompson W  Panizzon MS  Jernigan TL  Eyler LT  Fennema-Notestine C  Jak AJ  Neale MC  Franz CE  Lyons MJ  Grant MD  Fischl B  Seidman LJ  Tsuang MT  Kremen WS  Dale AM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6076):1634-1636

Surface area of the cerebral cortex is a highly heritable trait, yet little is known about genetic influences on regional cortical differentiation in humans. Using a data-driven, fuzzy clustering technique with magnetic resonance imaging data from 406 twins, we parceled cortical surface area into genetic subdivisions, creating a human brain atlas based solely on genetically informative data. Boundaries of the genetic divisions corresponded largely to meaningful structural and functional regions; however, the divisions represented previously undescribed phenotypes different from conventional (non-genetically based) parcellation systems. The genetic organization of cortical area was hierarchical, modular, and predominantly bilaterally symmetric across hemispheres. We also found that the results were consistent with human-specific regions being subdivisions of previously described, genetically based lobar regionalization patterns.  相似文献