冀中南棉区棉花黄萎病发生与气象因子关系分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

齐俊生  马存  李红梅  姚树然 《棉花学报》1998,(5)

１９８６～１９９６年在石家庄河北棉花所黄、枯萎病混生病圃,对中棉所１２每年８月２０～２５日进行黄萎病调查,并与当地６～８月每旬的平均气温、降水量、日照时数和空气相对湿度等与发生黄萎病关系进行单项和综合分析。结果表明,７月份气温２７℃是发病轻重的转折点,７月中下旬的气温是影响黄萎病发病强度的主要因素,可分为高温、低湿、少雨轻病年和低温、高湿、多雨重病年,两者出现频率接近５０％。经过对黄萎病指（Ｙ）与所有因子逐步回归分析,入选因子为７月中旬湿度（Ｘ５）、６月下旬降水量（Ｘ１２）、７月中旬降水量（Ｘ１４）、７月下旬日照时数（Ｘ２４）和６月下旬平均气温（Ｘ３０）,得出回归方程可试用于黄萎病发病的预测预报。  相似文献   

Typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis cases in Australia and India          下载免费PDF全文

J Gogoi‐Tiwari  C Babra Waryah  R Sunagar  HB Veeresh  V Nuthanalakshmi  PL Preethirani  R Sharada  S Isloor  A Bhat  H Al‐Salami  NR Hegde  TK Mukkur 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(8):278-282

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A study of neonatal cryptosporidosis of foals in New Zealand     

A Grinberg  WE Pomroy  HB Carslak  Y Shi  IR Gibson  BM Drayton 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):284-289

Abstract

AIM: To assess the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in faecal specimens from foals, and investigate an outbreak of neonatal cryptosporidiosis in foals revealed in the course of the study.

METHODS: Faecal specimens from foals received by a diagnostic veterinary laboratory in New Zealand between 2006 and 2007 were submitted to Massey University and tested microscopically for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. The Cryptosporidium isolates in the oocyst-positive specimens were genetically identified to species level. In addition, specimen submission data from the participating laboratory for 2005–2007 were examined. In the course of the study, the identification of one Cryptosporidium-positive specimen triggered an on-farm investigation.

RESULTS: Twelve faecal specimens submitted by the participating laboratory between 2006 and 2007 were tested further, and three were positive for C. parvum. Specimen submission records indicated a total of 67 faecal specimens were tested for Cryptosporidium by the participating laboratory between 2005 and 2007; 12 (18%) were positive. The on-farm investigation on a broodmare farm revealed a high incidence of neonatal diarrhoea in foals; C. parvum was the only enteropathogen found in the faeces of 4/4 affected foals examined. The diarrhoea in all those foals was self-limiting, manifesting during the second week of life, resembling foal heat diarrhoea, and accompanied by a short but intense period of shedding oocysts.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The fact that Cryptosporidium parasites were identified in 18% of faecal specimens from foals analysed for this agent in 2005–2007 by the participating laboratory indicated that infection with this agent in foals is not uncommon.

Collectively, the results of this and previous studies performed in New Zealand indicate C. parvum is a cause of diarrhoea in newborn foals, potentially accounting for a proportion of cases empirically diagnosed as foal heat diarrhoea. It is therefore advisable to take precautions when handling diarrhoeic foals, until this potentially zoonotic agent is ruled out in the laboratory.  相似文献   

Active Immunization against Gonadotrophin-releasing Hormone in Chinese Male Pigs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XY Zeng  JA Turkstra  DFM van de Wiel  DZ Guo  XY Liu  RH Meloen  WMM Schaaper  FQ Chen  HB Oonk  & X Zhang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(2):101-105

We have investigated, under the normal conditions of local Chinese pig farming, castration of young male pigs by vaccination with a newly developed vaccine against gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH). Because of the very early onset of puberty, long fattening period and relatively harsh circumstances in Chinese pig production, an investigation of the endocrine response of Chinese breeds to this type of vaccination was of particular interest. Fifteen crossbred boars (Yorkshire × Yanan) from three different litters were randomly assigned to three groups of five animals each. The first group was immunized at 13 weeks of age with a GnRH tandem dimer OVA‐conjugate in Specol and received a booster immunization 8 weeks later. The second group was injected with Specol alone and served as untreated controls. The remaining group was surgically castrated at the time of weaning (at 6 weeks of age). Pigs were fed ad libitum from weaning onwards. All animals were slaughtered at 31 weeks of age. Immunized boars had undetectable or low serum testosterone (0.09 ± 0.12 ng/ml), low fat androstenone (0.05 ± 0.01 μg/g) levels and very low testes weights (19.1 ± 4.3 g). Intact controls had much higher serum levels of testosterone (9.76 ± 4.81 ng/ml), fat androstenone levels (2.26 ± 0.87 μg/g) and testes weights (114.3 ± 29.41 g) at slaughter. Both the immunized and castrated group grew significantly faster than intact boars (p < 0.01). Average daily gains in immunized, castrated and intact animals were 0.69 ± 0.08, 0.63 ± 0.05 and 0.42 ± 0.07 kg (mean ± SD), respectively. The present data demonstrate for the first time that the newly developed anti‐GnRH vaccine works very well under practical Chinese pig farming conditions, and can be an attractive alternative to surgical castration.  相似文献   

The 1965 economic survey of salaried veterinarians     

M M Snodgrass  J W Judy 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1967,150(12):1480-1486

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The effect of root-absorbed PSII inhibitors on Kautsky curve parameters in sugar beet   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M ABBASPOOR  HB TEICHER†  & JC STREIBIG 《Weed Research》2006,46(3):226-235

The effects of the photosystem II inhibitors metamitron and terbuthylazine on the shape of the Kautsky (chlorophyll fluorescence induction) curve were investigated in sugar beet grown in hydroponic culture. The objective of the study was to trace recovery processes following herbicide injury using Kautsky curve parameters. Metamitron is used for selective weed control in sugar beet because it is metabolized in this crop. In contrast, terbuthylazine is toxic to sugar beet. Two hours after treatment, various fluorescence induction curve parameters, such as maximum quantum efficiency (F_V/F_m), the relative changes at the J step (F_vj) and area (the area between the Kautsky curve and maximum fluorescence, F_m), were affected by metamitron at concentration ranges of 70–280 mg active ingredient (a.i.) L^?1 in plants treated at the four‐true‐leaf stage. Shortly after herbicide application, F_v/F_m was more affected by the hydrophilic metamitron [log(K_ow) = 0.83] than by the lipophilic terbuthylazine [log(K_ow) = 3.21], but these differences between compounds were alleviated as metamitron was metabolized and terbuthylazine was not. Terbuthylazine at 1 mg a.i. L^?1 affected sugar beet at the four‐ and six‐true‐leaf stages to the same extent, whereas metamitron at a dose of 140 mg a.i. L^?1 affected much more at four‐ than at the six‐true‐leaf stage. Sugar beet recovered from metamitron injury even at high doses (140 and 280 mg a.i. L^?1). Fluorescence induction curve parameters were similarly affected by terbuthylazine and, although sugar beet recovered from terbuthylazine injury at low doses (<0.2 mg a.i. L^?1), the Kautsky curve was irreversibly affected at higher doses (1–10 mg a.i. L^?1), leading finally to plant death. Older plants were affected later, and recovered sooner, from both herbicides.  相似文献   

Edge Waves on the Continental Shelf     

Munk W  Snodgrass F  Carrier G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1956,123(3187):127-132

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Homotypic and heterotypic serum and milk antibody to rotavirus in normal, infected and vaccinated horses.     

G F Browning  R M Chalmers  C S Sale  T A Fitzgerald  D R Snodgrass 《Veterinary microbiology》1991,27(3-4):231-244

The homotypic and heterotypic antibody response to rotavirus was determined in three pony mares and their foals. The normal concentrations of anti-rotavirus antibodies in mares' milk and mares' and foals' serum over the first 10 weeks post-partum were measured using IgA, IgG and rotavirus serotype-specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Experimental infection of the foals with serotype 3 equine rotavirus produced a rapid, serotype-specific response which peaked 10 days after infection and a slower heterotypic response which peaked 32 days later. In contrast, vaccination of the mares with an inactivated, adjuvanted serotype 6 bovine rotavirus produced a heterotypic response similar to that of the homotypic response in both serum and milk, although the predominant response in serum was IgG, while in milk it was IgA. These results suggest that non serotype-restricted passive protection of foals against rotavirus may be achieved by parenteral vaccination of mares.  相似文献   

Prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in calves in Scotland and northern England   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D Sherwood  D R Snodgrass  G H Lawson 《The Veterinary record》1983,113(10):208-212

Eighty-eight of 1529 (5.7 per cent) Escherichia coli isolates from diarrhoeic and clinically normal calves in Scotland and northern England were found to possess the K99 pilus antigen (K99+). There was complete correlation between possession of K99 antigen, heat stable enterotoxin production and ability to dilate intestinal loops. The diagnosis of calf enterotoxigenic E coli infections may therefore be based on the detection of K99 antigen alone. Enterotoxigenic E coli was isolated from 23 of 306 (7.5 per cent) diarrhoeic calves from eight of 70 (11.4 per cent) farms and was not isolated from clinically normal calves. Infected calves were between one and three days old. A survey by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay found 3.0 per cent and 3.9 per cent of sera from calves and cows respectively to contain antibodies to K99 antigen. The prevalence of other enteropathogenic organisms in calf faeces is also discussed.  相似文献   

Urea cycle enzyme adaptation to dietary protein in primates   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

C T Nuzum  P J Snodgrass 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,172(987):1042-1043

Activities of the five hepatic enzymes of the urea cycle increased two- to threefold in monkeys on a 60 percent protein diet compared with levels in monkeys on an isocaloric 6 percent protein diet. Equal adaptation occurred in rats on the same diets. These enzyme activities in adult humans approximate those of monkeys on a similar protein intake.  相似文献