Effect of bovine adenovirus 3 on mitochondria     

Sanjeev K Anand  Jaswant Singh  Amit Gaba  Suresh K Tikoo 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1):45

Viruses alter the structure and the function of mitochondria for survival. Electron microscopy analysis of the cells infected with bovine adenovirus 3 revealed extensive damage to the inner mitochondrial membrane characterized by dissolution of the cristae and amorphous appearance of mitochondrial matrix with little or no damage to the outer mitochondrial membrane. There were fewer cristae with altered morphology. Potential patches of protein synthesis machinary around mitochondria could be observed at 12 hours post infection (hpi). At 24 hpi, the multi vascular bodies were evident throughout the infected cell. ATP production, mitochondrial Ca²⁺ and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) peaked at 18 hpi but decreased significantly at 24 hpi. This decrease coincided with the increased production of superoxide (SO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), at 24 hpi indicating acute oxidative stress in the cells and suggesting a complete failure of the cellular homeostatic machinary. The results reveal an intericate relationship between Ca²⁺ homeostasis, the ATP generation ability of cells, SO and ROS production, and regulation of MMP following infection by bovine adenovirus 3.  相似文献   

A "silent" polymorphism in the MDR1 gene changes substrate specificity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kimchi-Sarfaty C  Oh JM  Kim IW  Sauna ZE  Calcagno AM  Ambudkar SV  Gottesman MM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5811):525-528

Synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) do not produce altered coding sequences, and therefore they are not expected to change the function of the protein in which they occur. We report that a synonymous SNP in the Multidrug Resistance 1 (MDR1) gene, part of a haplotype previously linked to altered function of the MDR1 gene product P-glycoprotein (P-gp), nonetheless results in P-gp with altered drug and inhibitor interactions. Similar mRNA and protein levels, but altered conformations, were found for wild-type and polymorphic P-gp. We hypothesize that the presence of a rare codon, marked by the synonymous polymorphism, affects the timing of cotranslational folding and insertion of P-gp into the membrane, thereby altering the structure of substrate and inhibitor interaction sites.  相似文献   

Farmer participatory approaches to achieve fodder security in south Indian villages     

B. Rajasekaran  D. Michael Warren  Suresh Chandra Babu 《Agriculture and Human Values》1994,11(2-3):159-167

Farmer participatory approaches were used to identify problems and needs as perceived by local people and to develop strategies to achieve fodder security in south Indian villages. Indigenous knowledge systems as they relate to agroforestry were explored. The farmer participatory approaches have laid the foundations for selecting appropriate agroforestry technologies and developing suitable fodder security policy options. Potential benefits and risks as a result of implementing agroforestry projects were also discussed.  相似文献   

Components of resistance to late leaf spot and rust among interspecific derivatives and their significance in a foliar disease resistance breeding in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)     

Sangam Lal Dwivedi  Suresh Pande  Joginedi Narayan Rao  Shyam Narayan Nigam 《Euphytica》2002,125(1):81-88

Late leaf spot (LLS) and rust cause substantial yield losses and reduce the fodder and seed quality in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Adoption of resistant cultivars by the semi-arid tropic farmers is the best option to overcome yield losses. Knowledge on components of resistance to these diseases should facilitate the development of groundnut cultivars with enhanced resistance to LLS and rust. The objectives of the experiments were to study the genetic variability and relationships among components of resistance to LLS and rust, and assess their significance in disease resistance breeding. Fifteen interspecific derivatives for LLS and 14 for rust and a susceptible control, TMV 2, were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with two or three replications under greenhouse conditions. The experiments were repeated twice. Genotypic differences were highly significant for all the traits studied. Resistance to LLS is due to longer incubation and latent periods, lesser lesions per leaf, smaller lesion diameter, lower sporulation index, and lesser leaf area damage and disease score. Selection based on components of resistance to LLS may not lead to plants with higher retained green leaf area. The remaining green leaf area on the plant should, therefore, be the major selection criteria for resistance to LLS in breeding programs. Resistance to rust is due to longer incubation and latent periods, fewer pustules per leaf, smaller pustule diameter, lower sporulation index, and lesser leaf area damage and disease score. Rust resistant components appear to work additively, therefore, selection based on resistance components together with green leaf area retained on the plant should be the basis of selecting for resistance to rust in breeding programs. ICGV 99005, 99003, 99012, and 99015 for rust and ICGV 99006, 99013, 99004, 99003, and 99001 for LLS are the better parents for use in resistance breeding programs. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

A scientometric mapping of research on Aeromonas infection in fish across the world (1998–2020)     

Rathinam  R. Bharathi  Iburahim  S. Abuthagir  Ramanan  S. Suresh  Tripathi  Gayatri 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(1):341-363

Aeromonas spp are the most common devastating fish bacterial pathogens associated with a wide range of cultured freshwater fish resulting in mass mortality. The present study plots the Aeromonas research output in fish during 1998–2020 by means of the Web of Science (WoS) database. A total of 1944 publications were used for this investigation to evaluate the scientific productivity in this selected subject area. Global publication share, rank, and its development in terms of research and bibliometric indices such as overall citations, h-index, and average citation per paper were also analysed. China ranked first in terms of total publications among the most productive countries and accounted for 26.18% of the total publications. The network visualisation map revealed that the lead collaborating country was China; however, the collaboration between countries was found to be very less. Lokta’s law was noticed not to be valid for Aeromonas research. The study showed that the funding granted to the research investigations and their research productivity in terms of total publications were correlated positively. The results of the current study displayed the trend of “Aeromonas infection in fish” related research investigations published during 1998–2020. This study also highlighted the focused research areas on this topic on which the future areas of research can be determined by fellow researchers in this specific field. This study also suggests enhancing the research efforts on this bacterial pathogen which has the potential to implicate huge economic loss to the fish farming population in the world.

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Growth and Survival of the Tiger Tail Seahorse, Hippocampus comes     

Suresh  Job Dien  Buu Amanda  Vincent 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2006,37(3):322-327

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Relationship Between Leaf Nitrogen and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Brassica juncea and B. campestris     

K. Suresh  K. C. Lakkineni  T. V. R. Nair 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,177(2):107-113

The relationship between leaf nitrogen content (N) versus photosynthetic rate (PN) and other associated parameters was examined in Brassica juncea , cv. Pusa Bold and B campestris , cv. Pusa Kalyani. Leaf N, specific leaf weight (SLW), leaf area and PN were significantly higher in B. juncea , while the chlorophyll content was significantly lower compared to Brassica campestris. A significant positive correlation was obtained between leaf N content and photosynthetic rate in both species. Similarly, SLW was also positively related with leaf N content, Brassica juncea showed higher photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) than B campestris. Leaf N and PNUE were negatively associated. This was attributed to a low investment of N in photosynthesis related reactions and/or partitioning of N towards compounds functionally unrelated to photosynthesis. This attribution is further supported by the negative relationship obtained between SLW and PNUE.  相似文献   

Methane production potential and methanogenic archaeal community structure in tropical irrigated Indian paddy soils     

Suresh Kumar Dubey  Alpana Singh  Takeshi Watanabe  Susumu Asakawa  Ankit Singla  Hironori Arai  Kazuyuki Inubushi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(2):369-379

Soil characteristics regulate various belowground microbial processes including methanogenesis and, consequently, affect the structure and function of methanogenic archaeal communities due to change in soil type which in turn influences the CH₄ production potential of soils. Thus, five different soil orders (Alfisol, Entisol, Inceptisol, Podzol and Vertisol) were studied to assess their CH₄ production potential and also the methanogenic archaeal community structure in dryland irrigated Indian paddy soils. Soil incubation experiments revealed CH₄ production to range from 178.4 to 431.2 μg CH₄ g^-1 dws in all soil orders as: Vertisol<Inceptisol<Entisol<Podzol<Alfisol. The numbers of methanogens as quantified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting mcrA genes varied between 0.06 and 72.97 (×10⁶ copies g^-1 dws) and were the highest in Vertisol soil and the least in Alfisol soil. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)-based approach targeting 16S rRNA genes revealed diverse methanogenic archaeal communities across all soils. A total of 43 DGGE bands sequenced showed the closely related groups to Methanomicrobiaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Methanocellales, Methanosarcinaceae, Methanosaetaceae and Crenarchaeota. The composition of methanogenic groups differed among all soils and only the Methanocellales group was common and dominant in all types of soils. The highest diversity of methanogens was found in Inceptisol and Vertisol soils. Methane production potential varied significantly in different soil orders with a positive relationship (p?<?0.05) with methanogens population size, permanganate oxidizable C (POXC) and CO₂ production. The present study suggested that CH₄ production potential of different soils depends on physicochemical properties, methanogenic archaeal community composition and the population size.  相似文献   

Insect antifeedant activity of tetranortriterpenoids from the Rutales. A perusal of structural relations     

Suresh G  Gopalakrishnan G  Wesley SD  Pradeep Singh ND  Malathi R  Rajan SS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(16):4484-4490

Structure-related insect antifeedant relationship of 56 limonoids (both natural and modified) from the plants belonging to the order Rutales was attempted considering substitution patterns, oxidation states, and hydrophobicity, as well as distant geometry derived through conformational analysis on molecular modeling. Orientation of the furan and hydroxylation at specific carbon sites have been shown to influence the antifeedancy against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera litura.  相似文献   

Assessment of nifH diversity in rhizobial isolates of different origin and the role of antioxidant in respiratory protection     

Govindraj Ramakantrao Bhaganagare  Mahipal Singh Kesawat  Basanta Kumar Das  Arumuganainar Suresh  Babasaheb Shivmurti Surwase  Manorama 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(1):17-22

Rhizobia diversity is considered as one of the most useful resources for bioprospecting due to their symbiotic nitrogen-fixing ability with members of Leguminosae. The highly conserved nature of the nitrogenase reductase gene (nifH) makes it an ideal molecular tool to determine the potential for biological nitrogen fixation in any environment. In the present investigation, 250 rhizobial strains were isolated from legumes belonging to different geographical locations of Chhattisgarh, India. Genetic diversity of the nitrogenfixing bacterial community was analyzed using the nifH gene-specific primer. The polymorphism was found among the nitrogen-fixing population of different sources and origin but not in same source of rhizobia. Further, the symbiotic plasmid DNA was characterized on the basis of size and copy number of plasmids. The plasmid number varying from one to three in different rhizobial isolates had a size greater than 23 kb, while in some rhizobial isolates plasmids were absent. In addition, to examine the role of ascorbate in respiratory protection, the clear black spot margin of ascorbate was observed in the endodermis region of the nodule whereas scarcely dispersed in the infected region. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that knowing the rhizobial nifH gene diversity along with copy number of the plasmid is important for strain identification, deciding its fertility, productivity standards, and potential of biological nitrogen fixation across the geographical region.  相似文献