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31.
MJ Lancaster JS Nimmo C Lenghaus IJ Gill RD Crawford RT Badman JL Samuel CJ Werner C Button N Kvalheim 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(12):476-479
Objective To document an ovine disease attributed to the consumption of Lythrum hyssopifolia (lesser loosestrife). Procedures Historical and histological review of field and experimental cases. Results 1–20% mortality occurred in sheep flocks grazing paddocks where L. hyssopifolia was the predominant green vegetation. Well‐documented disease outbreaks occurred in summer on nine farms across Victoria between 1974 and 2002. Liver damage occurred in all nine outbreaks, with kidney damage in at least eight. Hepatocyte necrosis was usually zonal to midzonal (zone 2) in the liver samples from four farms and periacinar (zone 3) in those from three farms, but some livers showed only single‐cell necrosis. Multinucleate hepatocytes near necrotic areas were a feature in six cases. Proximal tubular epithelium appeared to be the primary renal target and brown granules were often present in renal tubules. Biochemical and histological evidence of liver and kidney damage was obtained from two sheep experimentally pen‐fed harvested L. hyssopifolia. Conclusion Chemicals in L. hyssopifolia are toxic to ovine hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells. 相似文献
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JF Asturiano F Marco-Jiménez DS Peñaranda DL Garzón L Pérez JS Vicente M Jover 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(2):162-166
The main objective of the present work was to study the effect of cryopreservation of European eel sperm both on the sperm viability and the spermatozoa head morphology. Spermatozoa morphology was evaluated with computer-assisted morphology analysis after collection in fresh samples, after adding the freezing medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotectant and, finally, after the cryopreservation process and thawing. Cell viability was assessed, in both fresh and thawed samples, by Hoechst 33258 staining. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was used to determine the percentage of motile cells and to measure motility parameters in sperm samples. A significant decrease of head perimeter (12.56%) and area (17.90%) was detected from spermatozoa in fresh to thawed samples, indicating that cells do not recover the original size after the cryopreservation process. CASA was used to measure the percentage of motile cells (51.9%) and spermatozoa motility parameters such as curvilinear, straight line and angular path velocities, as well as beating cross frequency. This technique was employed in the fresh sperm samples but proteins present at the freezing medium (L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine) made impossible to use this last technique in thawed samples. When sperm viability was assessed by Hoechst staining, a significant decrease of approximately 15% (73.10 vs 58.26%) of alive spermatozoa was registered from fresh to thawed samples. The percentage of motile cells measured by CASA in fresh samples (51.9%) was lower than the percentage of alive cells determined by Hoechst stainning, suggesting the existence of different batches of spermatozoa in different stages of development, even during the eight to tenth weeks of treatment, when the highest sperm quality was found. 相似文献
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Sebat J Lakshmi B Malhotra D Troge J Lese-Martin C Walsh T Yamrom B Yoon S Krasnitz A Kendall J Leotta A Pai D Zhang R Lee YH Hicks J Spence SJ Lee AT Puura K Lehtimäki T Ledbetter D Gregersen PK Bregman J Sutcliffe JS Jobanputra V Chung W Warburton D King MC Skuse D Geschwind DH Gilliam TC Ye K Wigler M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5823):445-449
We tested the hypothesis that de novo copy number variation (CNV) is associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on the genomic DNA of patients and unaffected subjects to detect copy number variants not present in their respective parents. Candidate genomic regions were validated by higher-resolution CGH, paternity testing, cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and microsatellite genotyping. Confirmed de novo CNVs were significantly associated with autism (P = 0.0005). Such CNVs were identified in 12 out of 118 (10%) of patients with sporadic autism, in 2 out of 77 (3%) of patients with an affected first-degree relative, and in 2 out of 196 (1%) of controls. Most de novo CNVs were smaller than microscopic resolution. Affected genomic regions were highly heterogeneous and included mutations of single genes. These findings establish de novo germline mutation as a more significant risk factor for ASD than previously recognized. 相似文献
36.
Arboleya JC Sutcliffe LH Wilde PJ Fairhurst SA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(11):4448-4453
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and densitometry were used to measure the temperature- and rate-dependent formation of fat crystals in emulsion droplets in hardened palm kernel oil in water emulsions. The solid fat content in emulsions can be critical for the functionality of the emulsions in a wide variety of applications. Therefore, new and accessible methods are needed to monitor solid fat content in order to control the functional properties of these emulsions. EPR measurements showed that the microviscosity within the oil droplets could be measured as a function of temperature and that the storage temperature below the main fat melting point is crucial for an increase in the microviscosity, due to fat solidification. The microviscosity of the oil droplets could be an important parameter for defining functional performance (e.g., rheology and partial coalescence). Density measurements provided a simple and accurate method for monitoring changes in phase state of the oil. The phase behavior agreed well with the EPR results, demonstrating that accurate density measurements could prove to be a valuable tool for monitoring fat crystallization processes. 相似文献
37.
Field comparison of the interferon-gamma assay and the intradermal tuberculin test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
PR WOOD LA CORNER JS ROTHEL C. BALDOCK† SL JONES† DB COUSINS§ BS McCORMICK¶ BR FRANCIS§ J. CREEPER¶ NE TWEDDLE 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(9):286-290
An extensive field comparison of the gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) assay and the single intradermal tuberculin test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis was conducted in Australia. The specificity of the IFN-gamma assay was determined by testing more than 6000 cattle from tuberculosis-free herds and varied from 96.2% to 98.1%, depending on the cut-off point chosen to define a positive reactor. For the sensitivity trial, cattle from herds being de-populated because of bovine tuberculosis were examined with both assays. The sensitivity of the IFN-gamma assay was shown to be significantly higher than the single intradermal tuberculin test and varied from 76.8% to 93.6% depending on the method of interpretation. A maximum overall sensitivity of 95.2% was obtained by testing with the IFN-gamma and the tuberculin test in parallel. The superior sensitivity of the IFN-gamma assay and the ability to adjust the sensitivity of the system depending on the task involved, will provide the Australian Tuberculosis Eradication Campaign with a valuable additional test to enable it to accomplish its goals. 相似文献
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Chen C Tang HR Sutcliffe LH Belton PS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(11):5710-5714
Free radical scavenging reactions of green tea polyphenols (GTP) were investigated with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy in the phospholipid bilayer of liposomes, using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical as a model. The results showed that (1) GTP reacts with DPPH radicals in the bilayer of liposomes of both 1-hexadecanoyl-2-[(cis,cis,cis,cis,cis,cis)-4,7,10, 13,16,19-docosahexaenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHAPC) and 1, 2-di[cis-9-hexadecenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) (DPPC); and (2) GTP protects DHAPC liposomes effectively from the oxidation initiated by DPPH radicals. These results provide direct evidence that GTP reacts with free radicals in the model membrane and support the hypothesis that GTP protects unsaturated phospholipids from oxidation by reacting directly with the radicals. 相似文献