An electric field strongly deters whiteflies from entering window-open greenhouses in an electrostatic insect exclusion strategy     

Teruo Nonomura  Yoshinori Matsuda  Koji Kakutani  Junji Kimbara  Kazumi Osamura  Shin-ichi Kusakari  Hideyoshi Toyoda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,134(4):661-670

Dual functions (insect repelling and capturing) of a single-charged dipolar electric field screen were evaluated to successfully exclude whiteflies from a window-open greenhouse. The screen consisted of three parts: 1) insulated conductor wires (ICWs) arrayed in parallel at 5?mm intervals, 2) two earthed stainless nets placed within 3?mm of both sides of the ICW layer, and 3) a voltage generator for the negatively charged ICWs. The screen formed two electric fields between the ICW-layer and the ICW-side surface of the earthed net and between the ICWs. At negative charging of 1.5–2.5?kV, all whiteflies reaching the outer surface of the screen net avoided entering the electric field and flew away from the screen. This avoidance was disturbed by 3?m s^?1 wind, as the insects were compulsorily blown inside. However, almost all whiteflies (99.4?%) were captured with the ICW. These results indicate that the insect-capturing function is effective to complement a failure to repel. A greenhouse assay was conducted in the screen-attached and non-screened parts in which a greenhouse was divided with a partition. During the 3-month operation, the screen was durable and functional for excluding pests, and better air ventilation changed the climate conditions in the greenhouse. Thus, the present study demonstrated that our electric field screen can provide an airy condition for tomatoes in a window-open greenhouse and successfully exclude whiteflies using dual screen functions.  相似文献   

Involvements of Estrogen Receptor,Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and p53 in Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Development in Donryu Rats     

Midori Yoshida  Shin-ichi Katsuda  Akihiko Maekawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2012,25(4):241-247

Involvements of estrogen receptor (ER)α, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 in the uterine carcinogenesis process in Donryu rats, a high yield strain of the uterine cancer were investigated immunohistochemically. ERα was expressed in atypical endometrial hyperplasia, accepted as a precancerous lesion of the uterine tumors, as well as well- and in moderately-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinomas, and the intensities of expression were similar to those in the luminal epithelial cells of the atrophic uterus at 15 months of age. The expression, however, was negative in the tumor cells of poorly differentiated type. Good growth of implanted grafts of the poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas in both sexes with or without gonadectomy supported the estrogen independency of tumor progression to malignancy. PCNA labeling indices were increased with tumor development from atypical hyperplasia to adenocarcinoma. The tumor cells in poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas were positive for p53 positive but negative for p21 expression, suggesting accumulation of mutated p53. These results indicate that the consistent ERα expression is involved in initiation and promotion steps of uterine carcinogenesis, but not progression. In addition, PCNA is related to tumor development and the expression of mutated p53 might be a late event during endometrial carcinogenesis.  相似文献   

Difference in age at first conception between early and late litters of feral raccoon (Procyon lotor) in Kanagawa prefecture     

Kato T  Uno T  Fujioka Y  Kobayashi K  Takayanagi E  Hayama S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(5):637-640

Due to the long parturition period of raccoons, we assumed that age at first conception of late born females was later than that of early born females. From March 2005 to September 2008, 201 females estimated to be younger than 24 months were separated into early- and late-born groups on the basis of their estimated birth month (to the nearest 2 months), and parous status and body mass index (BMI) were examined. Age at first conception of late-born females (over 18 months old) was estimated to be later than that of early-born females (over 12 months old). The average BMI in early-born individuals at 12 months old might have affected their ability to conceive because of body fat deposition.  相似文献   

Autopsy report for a caffeine intoxication case and review of the current literature     

Takuma Yamamoto  Katsuhiko Yoshizawa  Shin-ichi Kubo  Yuko Emoto  Kenji Hara  Brian Waters  Takahiro Umehara  Takehiko Murase  Kazuya Ikematsu 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2015,28(1):33-36

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a popular mild central nervous system stimulant found in the leaves, seeds and fruits of various plants and in foodstuffs such as coffee, tea, and chocolate, among others. Caffeine is widely used and is not associated with severe side effects when consumed at relatively low doses. Although rarely observed, overdoses can occur. However, only a few fatal caffeine intoxication cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we report the pathological examination results and information on caffeine concentrations in the blood, urine and main organs in a fatal caffeine intoxication case. Even though high caffeine concentrations were found in the systemic organs, no caffeine-related pathological changes were detected.  相似文献   

Utilization of extruded soybean meal for Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus juveniles     

Sanshiroh  SAITOH  Shunsuke  KOSHIO  Hiroshi  HARADA  Kazunori  WATANABE  Takeshi  YOSHIDA  Shin-ichi  TESHIMA  Manabu  ISHIKAWA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(5):1075-1077

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Study of the parentage of grape cultivars by genetic interpretation of GPI-2 and PGM-2 isozymes     

Chie Ohmi  Akira Wakana  Shin-ichi Shiraishi 《Euphytica》1992,65(3):195-202

Summary Two highly variable enzyme systems of glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) were used to investigate the parentages of grape cultivars. Of 35 parent/offspring combinations that we investigated, 30 combinations gave alleles in the offspring which were presented in the reported parents, whereas 5 combinations gave alleles in the offspring which were not extractable from the reported parents. The Gpi-2 genotype of Hiro Hamburg and the Pgm-2 genotype of Pione indicated that Koshu Sanjaku and Cannon Hall Muscat may not have been the paternal parent respectively. The Gpi-2 genotype of New Niagara and the Gpi-2 and Pgm-2 genotypes of Beniyamabiko indicated that Niagara and a hybrid from DxK151 x Delaware may not have been the maternal parent respectively. The Gpi-2 genotype of Cannon Hall Muscat grown in Japan indicated that this cultivar may not have originated as a tetraploid sport of Muscat of Alexandria.  相似文献   

Yersiniosis caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in captive toucans (Ramphastidae) and a Japanese squirrel (Sciurus lis) in zoological gardens in Japan     

Shin-ichi NAKAMURA  Hideki HAYASHIDANI  Yukari SOTOHIRA  Yumi UNE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(2):297-299

Two captive Keel-billed toucans and a Chestnut-mandibled toucan in another zoological garden died suddenly without any pre-existing symptoms, and three months later, a Japanese squirrel died of diarrhea. All these animals showed necrotic enteritis and multifocal necrosis in the liver and spleen with Gram negative bacilli. The bacilli showed strong positive immunolabeling for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O4 in the Keel-billed toucans, Y. pseudotuberculosis O2 in the Chestnut-mandibled toucan and Y. pseudotuberculosis O1 in the Japanese squirrel, while Y. pseudotuberculosis 4b, 2b and 1b were respectively isolated from the lesions. To our knowledge, this might be the first reported case of fatal yersiniosis in a Japanese squirrel in the world as well as in toucans in Japan.  相似文献   

New technology for manufacturing high-strength cement-bonded particleboard using supercritical carbon dioxide     

Dede Hermawan  Toshimitsu Hata  Kenji Umemura  Shuichi Kawai  Shin-ichi Kaneko  Yasuo Kuroki 《Journal of Wood Science》2000,46(1):85-88

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Development of singlet oxygen absorption capacity (SOAC) assay method. 2. Measurements of the SOAC values for carotenoids and food extracts     

Aizawa K  Iwasaki Y  Ouchi A  Inakuma T  Nagaoka S  Terao J  Mukai K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(8):3717-3729

Recently a new assay method that can quantify the singlet oxygen absorption capacity (SOAC) of antioxidants was proposed. In the present work, kinetic study of the reaction of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) with carotenoids and vegetable extracts has been performed in ethanol/chloroform/D(2)O (50:50:1, v/v/v) solution at 35 °C. Measurements of the second-order rate constants (k(Q)(S)) and the SOAC values were performed for eight kinds of carotenoids and three kinds of vegetable extracts (red paprika, carrot, and tomato). Furthermore, measurements of the concentrations of the carotenoids included in vegetable extracts were performed, using a HPLC technique. From the results, it has been clarified that the total (1)O(2)-quenching activity (that is, the SOAC value) for vegetable extracts may be explained as the sum of the product {Σ k(Q)(Car-i)(S) [Car-i](i)} of the rate constant (k(Q)(Car-i)(S)) and the concentration ([Car (i)]) of carotenoids included in vegetable extracts.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation in chicken breast meat     

Satoshi KAWAHARA  Shin-ichi TAKENOYAMA  Kazuaki TAKUMA  Michio MUGURUMA  Kiyoshi YAMAUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(4):468-474

We investigated the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation in breast meat of broiler chickens. Broiler chickens (28-day-old females) were fed diets containing experimental oils at 20 g/kg diet for 28 days. The experimental oils consisted of either a 2:0, 1:1, or a 0:2 (wt : wt) ratio of safflower oil (high linoleic acid content) to a commercial CLA mixture. In this study, dietary CLA supplementation significantly increased the composition and content of CLA in chicken meat. The predominant CLA in meat from birds with supplemented diets was the cis -9, trans -11 isomer. The proportion of saturated fatty acid in meat significantly increased with increasing CLA supplementation, with a corresponding decrease in monounsaturated fatty acid. Dietary CLA also reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values in raw meat during storage at 4°C for 5 days. These results provide evidence that CLA feeding is a practical strategy not only for adding nutritional benefits to chicken meat but also for improving meat quality including oxidative stability.  相似文献