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21.
Pallab Kumer Sarker Shuichi Satoh Haruhisa Fukada & Toshiro Masumoto 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(2):225-232
Non-faecal phosphorus (P) was determined for large yellowtail to estimate a minimum available P requirement (Experiment 1) and to justify inorganic P supplementation in a fish meal-based diet (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, purified diets with incremental P concentrations were fed to yellowtail (mean weight 917 g) at a feeding rate of 1.5% of body weight. The peaks of non-faecal P excretion appeared 5–6 h after feeding in fish fed more than 4.5 g available P kg−1 dry diet. Broken-line analysis indicated that the minimum available P requirement was 4.4 g kg−1 dry diet. In Experiment 2, a purified diet (PR) containing 6.5 g available P kg−1 and a fish meal-based diet with (F1) and without (F0) additional phosphorus were fed to yellowtail (mean weight 1.1 kg) at 1.5% (PR) and 2% (F0 and F1) feeding rates respectively. There was no significant difference in P excretion between fish fed the F0 (5.5 g soluble P kg−1 dry diet) and the PR diet. However, significantly higher (34.5%) amounts of non-faecal P excretions (7.4 g soluble P kg−1 dry diet) were found in fish fed F1 compared with the F0 diet. This suggested that there was an excess of dietary P in the F1 diet and that supplementation is not needed in fish meal-based diets for large yellowtail. 相似文献
22.
A bioassay for ecdysteroid agonists/antagonists and ecdysteroid-specific radioimmunoassays, together with a photo-diode-array detector-monitored high-performance liquid chromatography, have been used to analyse a methanol extract of the seeds of Atriplex nummularia. This yielded two phytoecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone (1) and polypodine B (2). 相似文献
23.
Antimicrobial and cytotoxic constituents of Loranthus globosus 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
(+)-Catechin, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamyl alcohol were isolated from the barks of Loranthus globosus. All compounds showed significant antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. 相似文献
24.
Lignans from Strophanthus gratus 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Three lignans, pinoresinol (1), 8-hydroxypinoresinol (2) and olivil (3) have been isolated from the leaves of Strophanthus gratus by reversed-phase HPLC. 相似文献
25.
W. Erskine S. Chandra M. Chaudhry I.A. Malik A. Sarker B. Sharma M. Tufail M.C. Tyagi 《Euphytica》1998,101(2):207-211
This paper introduces the concept of a bottleneck in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) in South Asia and then reviews its rupture.
South Asia is the largest lentil growing region in the world and where indigenous lentils show a marked lack of variability.
This results from its introduction from Afghanistan around 2000 B.C. and it limits breeding progress. Three approaches to
widening the genetic base in the region have been tried, namely plant introduction, hybridization and mutation breeding. Introductions
from West Asia flower as indigenous material matures. The asynchrony in flowering has isolated the local pilosae ecotype reproductively.
However, the introduction of ILL 4605, an early, large-seeded line, has resulted in its release as ‘Manserha 89’ for wetter
areas of Pakistan and its widespread use as a parent in breeding programs in the region. Hybridization between pilosae and
exotic germplasm, primarily at International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) followed by selection
in the sub-continent has resulted in cultivars with improved disease resistance and yield in Bangladesh and Pakistan. Mutation
breeding has given new morphological markers and several promising lines. These examples illustrate not only the widening
of the genetic base of the lentil in South Asia, but also the evolution of a breeding program of an international center and
national programs targeted toward specific adaptation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
26.
White spot syndrome (WSS) is considered as a great threat to commercial farming of the tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). The causal agent of WSS is a DNA virus called white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). The prevalence of this dreadful virus infection
has been studied in five randomly selected hatcheries located in the Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh. Both one-step and
nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involving two pairs of primers, namely, 146F1/146R1 and 146F2/146R2, amplifying the
1447 bp and 941 bp fragments, respectively, were conducted to detect the WSSV. Out of 60 randomly collected shrimps, 12 (20%)
were found to be positive by one-step PCR, while 18 (30%) were found to be positive by nested PCR. The nested PCR was found
to be much more sensitive than the one-step PCR. The shrimp specimens showing clinical signs of WSS were positive for WSSV
by both one-step and nested PCR. Some of the apparently healthy samples were also found to be positive for WSSV by nested
PCR. Among the two primer-pairs, the inner pair amplifying the 941 bp fragment was more sensitive than the outer primer pair
amplifying the 1447 bp fragment when used in one-step PCR. 相似文献
27.
Suzuki T Kim SJ Mohamed ZI Mukasa Y Takigawa S Matsuura-Endo C Yamauchi H Hashimoto N Noda T Saito T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9571-9575
The anthocyanin profiles and variety/breeding-line differences of anthocyanin concentrations in petals of common buckwheat flowers have been studied. Four anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin 3-O-rhamnoside, and cyanidin 3-O-galactosyl-rhamnoside were isolated from the petals of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), separated using high performance liquid chromatography and identified using reversed-phase liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry techniques. In every variety/breeding line tested, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside was detected as the major anthocyanin and the next is cyanidin 3-O-glucoside whereas cyanidin 3-O-rhamnoside and cyanidin 3-O-galactosyl-rhamnoside were trace or not detectable in white and pink flowered buckwheat. Of all the varieties/breeding lines tested, Gan-Chao, a Chinese variety, contained the highest amount of anthocyanins. The largest part of cyanidin moiety was presented as a proanthocyanidin form (PAs-Cy). Anthocyanins and PAs-Cy in petals were increased along with increase of flower development stages. Therefore, fully developed petals of red flowered buckwheat, especially Gan-Chao, are promising as a new anthocyanin-rich material for food processing. 相似文献
28.
Calendin (1), cinnamic acid (2), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (3), 2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (4), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (5), syringic acid (6) and vanillic acid (7) have been isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the leaves and branches of Cassia laevigata. 相似文献
29.
Swapan Kumar Sarker Muhammad Nur-Un-Nabi Md.Mohasinul Haque Mahmuda Sharmin Sanjay Saha Sonet Sourav Das Niamjit Das 《林业研究》2015,(1):159-169
Juri is a biodiversity-rich primary forest in Bangladesh, which remains ecologically unexplored. We identified tree species and examined the richness, alpha(a)diversity and floristic similarity patterns within the identified communities. Vegetation and environmental data were sampled in 120(0.04 ha) study plots. Tree communities were delimited by two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN). In total, 78 tree species of 35 families and58 genera were identified. TWINSPAN identified six tree communities: A—Tricalysia singularis; B—Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides; C—Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora; D—Ficus roxburghii; E—Artocarpus lacucha; F—Artocarpus lacucha. Mean richness, Shannon and Gini-Simpson indices were highest for the Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora community, while Ficus roxburghii showed lowest diversity. Significant differences(p = 0.05) in three diversity indices were recorded between Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora and Ficus roxburghii. Tree compositional similarity was greatest between Kydia calycina-Castanopsis tribuloides and Polyalthia simiarum-Duabanga grandiflora(0.712). 相似文献
30.
Yogesh Kumar Soon Jae Kwon Clarice J. Coyne Jinguo Hu Michael A. Grusak Theodore J. Kisha Rebecca J. McGee Ashutosh Sarker 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(5):965-977
The effective utilization of crop diversity held in genebanks depends on our knowledge of useful traits and available markers associated with the target traits. Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) was used to evaluate the genetic diversity and underlying relationships among 263 accessions of chickpea landraces maintained by the USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction Station in Pullman, WA, USA. Two-hundred sixty-two TRAP markers were amplified by eight primer combinations. Altogether, 110 (42 %) markers were polymorphic, the other 152 (58 %) displayed no variation. These polymorphic markers revealed important differences among the accessions, with an estimated, mean pair-wise genetic distance of 25.82 %, ranging from 2.8 to 50.0 %. Genetic distance analysis divided the accessions into two major groups, with 113 and 150 accessions each, and substantial association between molecular diversity and geographic origin was evident. Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed two groups (K = 2) with evidence for six sub-groups. Additionally, the population structure of a subset of 110 lines was determined (K = 3) for testing marker-trait associations (MTAs). Phenotypic traits included the concentrations of protein and nine mineral elements in the seeds. Two MTAs were significant (p < 0.01) for concentrations of Ca and K, and three MTAs were significant for Cu and Ni concentrations. The results indicate that this population is useful for genome-wide association studies on other economic traits given the level of genetic diversity uncovered and the marker-trait associations in seed minerals discovered. 相似文献