The effects of induced parturition in dairy cows on the incidence of mortality in calves from commercial herds in south-western Victoria     

JM MORTON  KL BUTLER† 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(1):5-7

SUMMARY The effects of induced parturition on calf mortality rates were studied in 24 winter-calving, pasture-fed, dairy herds in south-western Victoria. Parturition was induced when most cows were between 27 and 35 weeks of pregnancy. Control groups were selected from cows in the same herds in which calving was not induced. The incidence of mortality within 7 days of birth was much higher among calves from cows in induced groups relative to those in control groups (estimated median herd mortality incidence 72% and 7%, respectively). The incidence of calf mortality was high among groups induced at all stages of pregnancy that were investigated. However, differences in calf mortality incidence, relative to controls, were increased among groups induced at earlier stages of pregnancy.  相似文献   

The efficacy of a combination anthelmintic against oxibendazole resistant small strongyles, large strongyles and ascarids in horses     

PF ROLFE  KL DAWSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(9):304-306

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The use of tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride for sedation of the mountain brushtail possun Trichosurus caninus Ogilby (Phalangeridae: Marsupialia)     

KL VIGGERS  DB LINDENMAYER† 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(6):215-216

SUMMARY A combination of tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride in a 1:1 ratio by weight was used successfully to sedate mountain brushtail possums, Trichosurus caninus, in the field. A standard total dose of 50 to 60 mg provided adequate sedation for the completion of a range of handling procedures. We describe the induction time, dose rate and side-effects associated with the use of tiletamine and zolazepam in T caninus.  相似文献   

Comparison of myocardial contrast enhancement via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in healthy cats and cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy     

MacDonald KA  Wisner ER  Larson RF  Klose T  Kass PH  Kittleson MD 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(11):1891-1894

OBJECTIVE: To quantify myocardial contrast enhancement (MCE) of the left ventricle (LV) by use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in healthy cats and cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to compare MCE between the 2 groups. ANIMALS: 10 healthy cats and 26 Maine Coon cats with moderate to severe HCM but without clinical evidence of congestive heart failure. PROCEDURE: Anesthetized cats underwent gradient echo CMRI examination. Short-axis images of the LV were acquired before and 7 minutes after IV administration of gadolinium dimeglumine. Regions of interest were manually traced in the quadrants of 5 mid-LV slices acquired at end systole, and the MCE percentage was calculated from summed weight-averaged data from all slices. Doppler tissue imaging echocardiography was performed to measure the early diastolic myocardial velocity (Em) as an index of diastolic function. Three-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to determine differences in MCE between cats with HCM and healthy cats. Simple linear regression was used to assess whether MCE was correlated with LV mass, LV mass index (LVMI), or Em. A Student t test was used to compare the SDs of the postcontrast myocardial signal intensity between the 2 groups. RESULTS: There was no difference in MCE between cats with HCM and healthy cats. There was no correlation of MCE with LV mass, LVMI, or Em. There was no difference in heterogeneity of signal intensities of LV myocardium between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Contrast-enhancement CMRI was not useful in detecting diffuse myocardial fibrosis in cats with HCM.  相似文献   

Effect of positioning in dorsal recumbency on venous return from the vertebral venous system of a dog     

Iseri T  Yamadaa K  Lee I  Yamagishi N  Ueno H  Wisner ER 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(8):511-511

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Response of induced bone defects in horses to collagen matrix containing the human parathyroid hormone gene   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Backstrom KC  Bertone AL  Wisner ER  Weisbrode SE 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(9):1223-1232

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) gene in collagen matrix could safely promote bone formation in diaphyseal or subchondral bones of horses. ANIMALS: 8 clinically normal adult horses. PROCEDURE: Amount, rate, and quality of bone healing for 13 weeks were determined by use of radiography, quantitative computed tomography, and histomorphometric analysis. Diaphyseal cortex and subchondral bone defects of metacarpi were filled with hPTH(1-34) gene-activated matrix (GAM) or remained untreated. Joints were assessed on the basis of circumference, synovial fluid analysis, pain on flexion, lameness, and gross and histologic examination. RESULTS: Bone volume index was greater for cortical defects treated with hPTH(1-34) GAM, compared with untreated defects. Bone production in cortical defects treated with hPTH(1-34) GAM positively correlated with native bone formation in untreated defects. In contrast, less bone was detected in hPTH(1-34) GAM-treated subchondral bone defects, compared with untreated defects, and histology confirmed poorer healing and residual collagen sponge. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of hPTH(1-34) GAM induced greater total bone, specifically periosteal bone, after 13 weeks of healing in cortical defects of horses. The hPTH(1-34) GAM impeded healing of subchondral bone but was biocompatible with joint tissues. Promotion of periosteal bone formation may be beneficial for healing of cortical fractures in horses, but the delay in onset of bone formation may negate benefits. The hPTH(1-34) GAM used in this study should not be placed in articular subchondral bone defects, but contact with articular surfaces is unlikely to cause short-term adverse effects.  相似文献   

Measurement of equine laminar blood flow and vascular permeability by use of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography     

Kruger EF  Puchalski SM  Pollard RE  Galuppo LD  Hornof WJ  Wisner ER 《American journal of veterinary research》2008,69(3):371-377

OBJECTIVE: To define the reference range for laminar blood flow (BF) and vascular permeability (VPM) in horses without laminitis by use of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). ANIMALS: 9 adult horses that were not lame and had no abnormalities of the laminae or phalanges detectable via radiographic examination. PROCEDURES: Each horse was anesthetized by use of a routine protocol. Horses were placed in right or left lateral recumbency with the dependent forelimb in the CT gantry; only 1 limb of each horse was scanned. Serial 10-mm collimated transverse CT images were acquired at the same location every other second for 90 seconds during infusion of ionic, iodinated contrast medium. Custom software was used to estimate BF, VPM, and fractional vascular volume (FVV) in the dorsal, dorsomedial, and dorsolateral laminar regions. RESULTS: Among the 9 horses' forelimbs, mean +/- SD dorsal laminar BF was 0.43 +/- 0.21 mL*min(1)*mL(1). Mean dorsomedial and dorsolateral laminar BFs were 0.26 +/- 0.16 mL*min(1)*mL(1) and 0.24 +/- 0.16 mL*min(1)*mL(1), respectively. Mean dorsal laminar VPM was 0.09 +/- 0.03 mL*min(1)*mL(1). Mean dorsomedial and dorsolateral laminar VPMs were 0.16 +/- 0.06 mL*min(1)*mL(1) and 0.12 +/- 0.06 mL*min(1)*mL(1), respectively. Mean dorsal laminar FVV was 0.63 +/- 0.20 and dorsomedial and dorsolateral laminar FVV were 0.37 +/- 0.14 and 0.34 +/- 0.17, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In horses, laminar BF, VPM, and FVV can be non-invasively measured by use of dynamic contrast-enhanced CT.  相似文献   

Management of equine skull fractures using fixation with polydioxanone sutures     

KL Schaaf  NJ Kannegieter  DK Lovell 《Australian veterinary journal》2008,86(12):481-485

Ten horses presented with severe distortion of the facial contour, crepitus on palpation and mild to moderate epistaxis. Individual horses also showed ocular damage, ptosis, severe dyspnoea and movement of the facial bones concurrent with respiration. The fracture fragments were exposed using a large curvilinear incision and elevated using a retractor, periosteal elevator, chisel or Steinmann pin. The fracture fragments were unstable following reduction and fixation was necessary. Stabilisation was achieved with polydioxanone sutures placed through holes drilled in opposing sides of the fracture lines. Polydioxanone sutures provided good stability and had better handling properties than wire. There was good apposition of fracture edges and minimal complications. Use of polydioxanone sutures can also avoid the expense and complexity of plate fixation in selected cases, and should be considered as an alternative to fixation with stainless steel wire in any facial fracture that adjoins stable bone.  相似文献   

The Anti‐Müllerian Hormone Profile is Linked with the In Vitro Embryo Production Capacity and Embryo Viability after Transfer but Cannot Predict Pregnancy Outcome          下载免费PDF全文

N Ghanem  JI Jin  SS Kim  BH Choi  KL Lee  AN Ha  SH Song  IK Kong 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(2):301-310

The current study investigated the possibility of using the AMH concentration as a predictor of the ability of Korean Hanwoo cows to produce cumulus‐oocyte complexes, embryos that survive after transfer as well as the pregnancy outcome of surrogates. Eight sessions of ovum pick‐up (OPU) were performed with 19 donor cows at an interval of 3–4 days. Antral follicle count (AFC), oocyte quality and in vitro embryo development were recorded for each cow. Embryos produced from cows with different AMH profiles were transferred into recipients (n = 96). Cows in the high (≥0.25 ng/ml) and intermediate (0.1≥ to <0.25 ng/ml) AMH groups had a significantly higher AFC per OPU session (20.40 ± 1.36 and 16.91 ± 1.52, respectively; mean ± standard deviation) than cows in the low AMH group (<0.1 ng/ml; 12.19 ± 2.14). In addition, more cumulus‐oocyte complexes per donor were recovered in the high (11.46 ± 1.22) and intermediate (7.38 ± 0.83) AMH groups than in the low AMH group (4.77 ± 0.44). The percentage of oocytes reached blastocyst stage was significantly higher in the intermediate (47.0%) and high (38.5%) AMH groups than in the low AMH group (32.3%). The number of embryos produced per cow was higher in the high (3.9 ± 0.2) and intermediate (6.9 ± 0.6) AMH groups than in the low AMH group (2.2 ± 0.3). The percentage of embryos that gave birth to viable calves when transferred into recipients was higher for those derived from cows in the intermediate AMH group (50.7%) than for those derived from cows in the low (35.7%) and high (36.4%) AMH groups. In conclusion, a single measurement of AMH concentration predicted the in vitro embryo production potential of donor Korean native cows before OPU and is linked with embryo viability after transfer into recipients.  相似文献   

CASE REPORT AND CLINICAL REVIEW: Acute lameness associated with osseous metastasis of a peri-renal carcinoma in a horse     

AC Young  KL Hoffmann  AP Begg  DA Major 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(9):346-350

We present a case of aggressive metastatic carcinoma in a horse that was initially presented for shoulder lameness. Although radiography and scintigraphy were useful for localising a lesion in the proximal humerus, subsequent development of non-specific signs of systemic disease prompted further evaluation. Haematology and blood biochemistry, urinalysis and ultrasonography were all instrumental in identifying renal involvement. A diagnosis of a peri-renal mass causing secondary renal failure prompted euthanasia of the horse because of the poor prognosis. Antemortem findings were supported by necropsy, with secondary lesions also identified in the spleen, liver, 8th left rib and proximal humerus. Histological examination yielded a diagnosis of undifferentiated metastatic carcinoma.  相似文献