Development of ITS sequence based SCAR markers for discrimination of Paphiopedilum armeniacum, Paphiopedilum micranthum, Paphiopedilum delenatii and their hybrids     

Yung Wei Sun  Yu Ju Liao  Yin Sui Hung  Jia Ci Chang  Jih Min Sung 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Paphiopedilum armeniacum, Paphiopedilum micranthum and Paphiopedilum delenatii are endangered orchid species. These three Paphiopedilum species and their hybrids are difficult to distinguish morphologically. In this study, rDNA-ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequences were used to design species-specific SCAR (sequence characterized amplified regions) markers to distinguish P. armeniacum, P. micranthum, P. delenatii and their respective hybrids. The developed markers efficiently amplified 600 bp DNA product for P. armeniacum and its hybrids (SCAR-600armF/Pap-ITS2R), 300 bp product for P. delenatii and its hybrids (SCAR-300delF/Pap-ITS2R) and 700 bp product for P. micranthum and its hybrids (SCAR-700micF/Pap-ITS2R). The effectiveness of designed species-specific markers was also confirmed by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction amplification with a combination of developed three SCAR markers.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmid analysis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated in Taiwan.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Chao Fu Chang  Tung Mao Yeh  Chin Cheng Chou  Yung Fu Chang  Tai Sheng Chiang 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,84(1-2):169-177

Sixty Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) strains from pigs in Taiwan were examined. Serotyping revealed that these belonged to serovars 1 (n=53), 2 (n=3), and 5 (n=4). Agar disk diffusion susceptibility testing of the isolates showed 55 (92%) were resistant to three or more antimicrobial agents. Six resistance patterns were observed. Ampicillin-chloramphenicol-flumequine-nalidixic acid-streptomycin-sulfonamide/trimethoprim-tetracycline was the most common multi-resistance pattern. Minimal inhibitory concentration of 14 antimicrobial agents was determined. The isolates were highly susceptible to ceftiofur and trimethoprim in vitro. Isolates were resistant to streptomycin, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid. All isolates were examined for the presence of plasmids using the alkaline lysis method. Forty three (72%) isolates had four plasmid bands with an approximate sizes of 3.5, 4.3, 5.8 and 6.0 kb; 12 (20%) had three bands at 3.5, 4.3 and 5.2 kb, and 5 (8%) had no plasmid bands. Antimicrobial resistance plasmids were detected in resistant strains of App. Three antimicrobial resistance plasmids were transformed into E. coli DH5 alpha. pTMY1 (4.3 kb) encoded a streptomycin kinase and a dihydropteroate synthase; pTMY2 (6.0 kb) encoded ROB-1 beta-lactamase and aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase; pTMY3 (5.2 kb) encoded only ROB-1 beta-lactamase. The 4.3 kb plasmid was sequenced and consisted of 4242 bp with 42.9% GC content. The 4.3 kb plasmid DNA sequence was 98% homologous to a plasmid previously isolated from Pasteurella haemolytica.  相似文献   

The Cytoprotective Effect of Petalonia binghamiae Methanol Extract against Oxidative Stress in C2C12 Myoblasts: Mediation by Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2 Related Factor 2     

Ji Sook Kang  Il-Whan Choi  Min Ho Han  Dae-Sung Lee  Gi-Young Kim  Hye Jin Hwang  Byung Woo Kim  Cheol Min Kim  Young Hyun Yoo  Yung Hyun Choi 《Marine drugs》2015,13(5):2666-2679

This study was designed to examine the protective effects of the marine brown algae Petalonia binghamiae against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. P. binghamiae methanol extract (PBME) prevented hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced growth inhibition and exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H₂O₂ in mouse-derived C2C12 myoblasts. PBME also significantly attenuated H₂O₂-induced comet tail formation in a comet assay, histone γH2A.X phosphorylation, and annexin V-positive cells, suggesting that PBME prevented H₂O₂-induced cellular DNA damage and apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, PBME increased the levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a potent antioxidant enzyme, associated with the induction of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 competitive inhibitor, significantly abolished the protective effects of PBME on H₂O₂-induced ROS generation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PBME augments the antioxidant defense capacity through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of Borrelia‐associated uveitis in two horses     

Heather L. Priest  Nita L. Irby  Donald H. Schlafer  Thomas J. Divers  Bettina Wagner  Amy L. Glaser  Yung‐Fu Chang  Mary C. Smith 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2012,15(6):398-405

Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease is a tick born spirochetal infection. Clinical signs of Lyme borreliosis are uncommon in horses, but when present they are often vague and nonspecific. In horses, Lyme borreliosis has been implicated in musculoskeletal, neurological, reproductive, and ocular disorders, including uveitis, but definitive diagnosis can be challenging as the causative agent is rarely isolated and serologic tests can be unreliable and do not confirm active disease. Here, we report two cases of equine uveitis associated with B. burgdorferi based on the identification of spirochetes within ocular fluids and confirmed with PCR testing. The two cases illustrate some of the challenges encountered in the recognition and diagnosis of equine Lyme borreliosis. Although only one of many possible causes of equine uveitis, Lyme disease should be considered a differential diagnosis, especially in endemic areas. Given the possibility for false negative results of serum tests during uveitis associated with B. burgdorferi and the failure of such tests to confirm active infection, a combination of cytologic assessment, antibody, and/or PCR testing of ocular fluids may be worthwhile if the clinical suspicion for Lyme uveitis is high.  相似文献   

Genetic correlations between male reproductive traits and growth traits in growth performance tested Duroc,Landrace and Yorkshire breed boars          下载免费PDF全文

Hsiu‐Luan Chang  Yung‐Yu Lai  Ming‐Che Wu  Osamu Sasaki 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(9):1258-1268

Male‐related traits at 180–225 days of age for 6464 grow‐finish performance tested boars were measured from 2000 to 2016. Heritability estimates and genetic correlations among average daily gain, feed efficiency, back fat thickness, teat counts, mounting libido, leg locomotion, penile length, sperm motility, sperm concentration and total sperm counts were estimated by VCE software using a multiple traits animal model in each breed. Growth‐tested boars had heritability estimates of male reproductive traits in 0.34–0.56 of teat counts, 0.12–0.20 of libido, 0.08–0.12 of locomotion, 0.17–0.58 of penile length, 0.04–0.21 of sperm motility and concentration, 0.17–0.30 of total sperm counts. Total sperm counts were genetically positively correlated with penile length in all breeds. Boars with higher total sperm counts had genetically better libido and locomotion. Genetic correlation between feed efficiency and sperm motility and feed efficiency and sperm concentration were positive in Duroc and negative in Landrace and Yorkshire. Sperm motility and concentration were genetically negatively correlated with average daily gain in Yorkshire. Male reproductive traits of imported breeds could be improved with care in the change of growth traits, especially in Yorkshire.  相似文献   

国家首席兽医官贾幼陵在国务院新闻办新闻发布会上的讲话     

贾幼陵 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(11):1-2

女士们、先生们: 今秋以来,经国家禽流感参考实验室确诊,我国内蒙古自治区、安徽省、湖南省先后各发生一起H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感疫情.  相似文献   

长臂猿克雷伯氏菌病病原鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈永林  赵京  张成林  普天春  李莹 《中国兽药杂志》2007,41(10):58-59

北京动物园一只雄性成年白眉长臂猿因右前肢第二趾有外伤，虽经治疗，但创口愈合不良，长时间暴露创面，感染后出现全身症状，于2005年6月28日死亡。死后剖检，肝脏质脆，肺淤血，右肺实变，并有豆腐渣样物沉着。从死亡动物的心血、肝脏和肺组织分离到纯粹的肺炎克雷伯氏菌。  相似文献   

Cranial morphological homogeneity in two subspecies of water deer in China and Korea     

Yung Kun KIM  Daisuke KOYABU  Hang LEE  Junpei KIMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1427-1435

The water deer (Hydropotes inermis) has conventionally been classified into two subspecies according to geographic distribution and pelage color pattern: H. i. inermis from China and H. i. argyropus from Korea. However, the results of a recent molecular study have called this into question. To further reappraise this classification, we examined morphological variation in craniodental measurements of these 2 subspecies. Results of univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that these 2 subspecies are not well-differentiated, suggesting that individuals of the 2 populations share common morphological traits. Despite the distribution of the subspecies at different latitudes, no clear morphocline was detected, suggesting that Bergmann’s rule does not apply in this case. Discriminant analysis indicated that the characteristics of individuals are shared by both populations, suggesting that not all individuals can be assigned to their original population. Results of principal component analysis showed that the two populations shared more than 75% of individuals, congruent with the “75% rule” of subspecies classification. In both the neighbor-joining and unweighted pair group methods with arithmetic mean cluster analyses, specimens of H. i. argyropus and H. i. inermis were highly mixed within the cladograms. These results suggest that the overall morphological variation in the 2 subspecies overlaps considerably and that there is no coherent craniofacial difference between the 2 groups. The present findings combined with prior observations from molecular biogeography point out that the taxonomic division of water deer into 2 subspecies should be revisited.  相似文献   

Ecological approaches in veterinary epidemiology: mapping the risk of bat-borne rabies using vegetation indices and night-time light satellite imagery     

Luis E Escobar  A Townsend Peterson  Monica Pape?  Myriam Favi  Veronica Yung  Olivier Restif  Huijie Qiao  Gonzalo Medina-Vogel 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)

Rabies remains a disease of significant public health concern. In the Americas, bats are an important source of rabies for pets, livestock, and humans. For effective rabies control and prevention, identifying potential areas for disease occurrence is critical to guide future research, inform public health policies, and design interventions. To anticipate zoonotic infectious diseases distribution at coarse scale, veterinary epidemiology needs to advance via exploring current geographic ecology tools and data using a biological approach. We analyzed bat-borne rabies reports in Chile from 2002 to 2012 to establish associations between rabies occurrence and environmental factors to generate an ecological niche model (ENM). The main rabies reservoir in Chile is the bat species Tadarida brasiliensis; we mapped 726 occurrences of rabies virus variant AgV4 in this bat species and integrated them with contemporary Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The correct prediction of areas with rabies in bats and the reliable anticipation of human rabies in our study illustrate the usefulness of ENM for mapping rabies and other zoonotic pathogens. Additionally, we highlight critical issues with selection of environmental variables, methods for model validation, and consideration of sampling bias. Indeed, models with weak or incorrect validation approaches should be interpreted with caution. In conclusion, ecological niche modeling applications for mapping disease risk at coarse geographic scales have a promising future, especially with refinement and enrichment of models with additional information, such as night-time light data, which increased substantially the model’s ability to anticipate human rabies.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0235-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

The antifungal activity of some sulphonyl derivatives of isoxazole,pyrazole, thiazole and thiophene     

Kenneth H. Goulding  Kin-Man Yung  Avice M. Hall  Richard J. W. Cremlyn 《Pest management science》1983,14(2):158-166

Fifty-three heterocyclic sulphonyl derivatives including eight sulphonamides, three sulphonyl azides, nine sulphonohydrazides and twenty sulphonohydrazones of substituted thiophenes, and a smaller range of analogous isoxazoles pryazoles and thiazoles, were tested as potential fungicides in a simple screening procedure against Mucor mucedo, Septoria nodorum, Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum and Aspergillus niger. Several thiophene-2-sulphonyl based compounds exhibited a high level of antifungal activity at 100 mg litre^?1 against the five test species, especially the mono-halogen-substituted sulphonamides and sulphonohydrazines, in which a single chlorine or bromine atom was substituted in the para position of an attached phenyl ring. The most active compound, against all five species of fungus was N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(trichloromethylthio) thiophene-2-sulphonamide which had average MIC₅₀ and MIC₁₀₀ values of 86 and 180 μmol respectively. (MIC₅₀ and MIC₁₀₀ values are, respectively, the concentrations required to inhibit fungal growth by 50% and to inhibit it totally.) In general, the isoxazole analogues of the thiophene-2-sulphonyl compounds exhibited a much lower fungitoxic activity, whilst the pyrazole and thiazole based compounds had little or no activity. Compared with the other results, the considerable activity shown by 4-[2′-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)hydrazinosulphonyl]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid was unexpected.  相似文献