Localization of Transforming Growth Factor Beta3 in Squamous Metaplasia of the Porcine Oviduct: a Case Report     

M Steffl  M Schweiger  WM Amselgruber 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):734-736

Squamous metaplasia of the oviduct epithelium is a rare disorder of reproductive organs. We noted squamous metaplasia of the oviduct epithelium in a sow routinely slaughtered at day 2 of the oestrous cycle. Expression of transforming growth factor beta3 (TGF beta3) in the metaplastic epithelia was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, because TGF beta3 appears to play a key role as regulator of a variety of tissue remodelling events. Our results show that TGF beta3 immunostaining was specifically localized to foci of squamous metaplasia of the epithelial linings. Non‐metaplastic epithelial cells of the oviduct were not immunostained with anti‐TGF beta3 antibody. At the subcellular level, TGF beta3‐labelled cells occasionally showed signs of apoptotic cell death. It is concluded that signals produced by TGF beta3 in metaplastic lesions of the oviduct are potentially involved in pathophysiological processes.  相似文献   

Effect of fruit load on 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA), GA and jasmonic acid concentrations in apple buds     

M. Kittikorn  N. Shiraishi  K. Okawa  H. Ohara  M. Yokoyama  O. Ifuku  S. Yoshida  S. Kondo 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The relationship between 9,10-ketol-octadecadienoic acid (KODA), GAs and jasmonic acid (JA) and flower bud formation influenced by fruit load in apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) was investigated. The endogenous KODA and JA concentrations in apical buds in plants subjected to flower thinning treatment (FTT), under which all flowers were removed were higher than those in plants subjected to heavy crop treatment (HCT), under which the number of leaves per fruit was adjusted to 20 from 60 to 120 days after full bloom (DAFB). In contrast, the gibberellic acid concentrations [total of gibberellin A₁ (GA₁) and gibberellin A₄ (GA₄)] in FTT plants were low compared with those in HCT plants. The result suggests that KODA and JA in contrast to GAs may have opposite effects on flower bud formation which is significantly influenced by fruit load in apples and that KODA and JA may also be associated with flower bud formation in apples.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary inactivated Pediococcus pentosaceus on growth performance,feed utilization and blood characteristics of red sea bream,Pagrus major juvenile          下载免费PDF全文

M.A.O. Dawood  S. Koshio  M. Ishikawa  S. Yokoyama 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(4):923-932

A feeding trial was carried out to determine effects of dietary supplements of inactivated Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP) on growth, feed utilization and blood characteristics of red sea bream. Five diets containing different concentrations [0 (PP0), 1.6 × 10¹⁰ (PPI), 1.6 × 10¹¹ (PPII), 1.6 × 10¹² (PPIII) and 3.2 × 10¹² (PPIV) cells g^?1] of PP were fed to fish for 56 days. At the end of the feeding trial, the obtained results revealed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in weight gain, specific growth rate and skin mucus secretion in all PP‐supplemented groups when compared with control group. Moreover, fish fed PPIII and PPIV diets resulted in significantly higher final body weight, feed efficiency ratio and bactericidal activity than those of fish fed PP0 diet (P < 0.05). Further, fish fed the PPIII diet also had a higher feed intake, protein efficiency retention, haematocrit, mucus lysozyme activity (LA), plasma and serum proteins than those of PP0 fed group (P < 0.05). Similarly, fish fed PPIV diet resulted in a significant increase in serum LA, peroxidase activity and tolerance against low‐salinity stress test (P < 0.05). Considering these promising results, we suggest that the supplementation of PP Prep improves growth and health conditions of Pagrus major.  相似文献   

A phylogeographic study of the Japanese earthworm,Metaphire sieboldi (Horst, 1883) (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae): Inferences from mitochondrial DNA sequences     

Yukio Minamiya  Jun Yokoyama  Tatsuya Fukuda 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2009,45(5-6):423-430

To clarify the historical phylogeography of a Japanese earthworm, nucleotide sequence variations of Metaphaire sieboldi were investigated with respect to its geographic distribution. Sequencing of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), including the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) region and the 16S rDNA region, of 72 samples including 4 outgroup taxa, and phylogenetic analyses using neighbour-joining (NJ) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods indicated that M. sieboldi forms a monophyletic group. This monophyletic group was divided into seven subgroups; most subgroups comprised individuals from several areas, except for southern Shikoku and southern Kyushu. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that the Shikoku and Kinki populations were paraphyletic at the basal node, and individuals from Kyushu and western Shikoku were positioned at the advanced group. Estimated phylogeographic events based on mtDNA analyses include (1) M. sieboldi originated in Shikoku and/or Kinki, (2) individuals from Chugoku and Kyushu have a common ancestor from Shikoku, and (3) individuals from western Shikoku originated from Kyushu progenitors (about 0.4–0.5 mya) after separation by rising sea levels.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical detection of phosphatidylserine and thrombospondin on denucleating erythroblasts in rat bone marrow     

Yokoyama T  Etoh T  Udayanga KG  Takahara E  Qi WM  Warita K  Matsumoto Y  Miki T  Takeuchi Y  Hoshi N  Kitagawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(7):949-952

The hypothesis that apoptotic factors play some roles in the denucleation of erythroblasts has been confirmed by the immunohistological detection of both phosphatidylserine and thrombospondin as phagocytosis-inducing factors in general apoptotic events. Both phosphatidylserine and thrombospondin were detected on the surface of cell membrane of mature erythroblasts, while thrombospondin was also detected in more immature erythroblasts. The intensities of their immune reactions increased as the erythroids matured. During denucleation, the positivities of both phosphatidylserine and thrombospondin were restricted on the surface of the cell membrane surrounding the protruding nuclei. Thus, the apoptotic process involves denucleation of erythroblasts and phosphatidylserine, and thrombospondin acts as phagocytosis-inducing factors in the denucleation event.  相似文献   

Lower weight gain and hepatic lipid content in hamsters fed high fat diets supplemented with white rice protein, brown rice protein, soy protein, and their hydrolysates     

Zhang H  Bartley GE  Mitchell CR  Zhang H  Yokoyama W 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(20):10927-10933

The physiological effects of the hydrolysates of white rice protein (WRP), brown rice protein (BRP), and soy protein (SP) hydrolyzed by the food grade enzyme, alcalase2.4 L, were compared to the original protein source. Male Syrian Golden hamsters were fed high-fat diets containing either 20% casein (control) or 20% extracted proteins or their hydrolysates as the protein source for 3 weeks. The brown rice protein hydrolysate (BRPH) diet group reduced weight gain 76% compared with the control. Animals fed the BRPH supplemented diet also had lower final body weight, liver weight, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and liver cholesterol, and higher fecal fat and bile acid excretion than the control. Expression levels of hepatic genes for lipid oxidation, PPARα, ACOX1, and CPT1, were highest for hamsters fed the BRPH supplemented diet. Expression of CYP7A1, the gene regulating bile acid synthesis, was higher in all test groups. Expression of CYP51, a gene coding for an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis, was highest in the BRPH diet group. The results suggest that BRPH includes unique peptides that reduce weight gain and hepatic cholesterol synthesis.  相似文献   

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on the ratio of activities of carbon-acquiring to nitrogen-acquiring enzymes in a primary lowland tropical rainforest in Borneo,Malaysia     

Taiki Mori  Nobuo Imai  Daiki Yokoyama  Kanehiro Kitayama 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):554-557

ABSTRACT

Previous meta-analyses revealed that the ratio of activities of carbon (C)-acquiring enzyme to nitrogen (N)-acquiring enzymes in tropical forest ecosystems was nearly identical to those in other ecosystems, despite of the N-rich condition in tropical forests. This could be explained by microbes in tropical forest soils, which require a large amount of N to produce N-rich acid phosphatase (AP) for catalyzation of the organic form of phosphorus (P) and compensation for poor P availability in soils. Based on this idea, we hypothesized that experimental P fertilization would reduce the allocation to N-acquiring enzymes compared with that of C-acquiring enzymes, i.e. that it would increase the ratios of activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) to β-1,4-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). We tested this hypothesis using an experimental fertilization site with factorial N (100 kg ha^?1 yr^?1) and P (50 kg ha^?1 yr^?1) addition in a primary tropical lowland forest in Bornean Malaysia, where our earlier work demonstrated that P fertilization reduced AP activity. Contrary to our hypothesis, the BG:NAG and BG:(NAG + LAP) ratios were not altered by either N or P fertilizations. This result indicated that AP production was not a reason for the maintenance of a relatively high investment in N-acquiring enzyme at our study site. Rather, NAG and LAP production was likely driven by C acquisition, rather than N acquisition, as the target substrates contained C as well as N. This idea was supported by the fact that neither the BG:NAG ratio nor the BG:(NAG + LAP) ratio was elevated by N addition. We propose that the ratios of activities of BG to NAG and LAP do not necessarily indicate the ratio of C:N acquisition, at least in our N-rich tropical forest ecosystem.  相似文献   

Application of the amount of oxygen consumption to the investigation of the oxidation mechanism of lignin during oxygen-alkali treatment   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Aiko Imai  Iori Tomoda  Tomoya Yokoyama  Yuji Matsumoto  Gyosuke Meshitsuka  Guolin Tong 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(1):62-67

The dioxygen consumption by kraft lignin and several lignin model compounds during oxygen-alkali treatments were directly analyzed using a dioxygen fl owmeter. The average dioxygen consumption by 200 g of kraft lignin was about 3 moles. Because this value was as much as those obtained for monomeric phenolic lignin model compounds, guaiacol and vanillyl alcohol, it was postulated that not only phenolic but also nonphenolic moieties in kraft lignin are extensively oxidized. The dioxygen consumption by 0.5 moles (one equivalent of aromatic units) of a dimeric lignin model compound, guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (GG), was also similar to that for 1 mole of guaiacol and vanillyl alcohol, regardless of the type of the aromatic moiety, which supports the above postulation. The most plausible mechanism for the oxidation of nonphenolic moieties is the oxidation of side chains of residual β-O-4 substructures by active oxygen species. By this mechanism, nonphenolic moieties in kraft lignin and GG are converted into corresponding phenolic moieties, and the oxidation by dioxygen progresses. Part of this article was presented at the 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber, and Pulping Chemistry (13th ISWFPC), Auckland, New Zealand, May 2005  相似文献   

Induction of gelatinolytic activities in ayu muscle at the spawning stage   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Satoshi Kubota  Masato Kinoshita  Yoshihiro Yokoyama  Haruhiko Toyohara  Morihiko Sakaguchi 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(3):574-578

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Isolation of very virulent Marek''s disease viruses from vaccinated chickens in Australia     

JL McKIMM-BRESCHKIN  JT FARAGHER  J WITHELL  WM FORSYTH † 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(6):205-209

Very virulent Marek's disease viruses (vvMDV), defined as isolates against which the herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) vaccine provide poor protection, have been isolated from poultry flocks in both the United States and Europe. Twenty-one samples from vaccinated Australian flocks, experiencing problems with excessive Marek's disease (MD), were tested for the presence of transmissible MD viruses (MDV). Of the 16 samples which contained a transmissible agent, 14 were pathogenic in chickens, based on the development of MD lesions or depression of the bursa/body weight ratio. Of the pathogenic isolates which have been successfully typed 10 were serotype 1, and one was serotype 2 MDV. Pathogenicity of isolates varied. Several isolates caused tumours in 20-30% of both vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens. Two isolates, MPF6 and MPF23, caused tumours in more than 50% of chickens. When MPF6 and MPF23 were tested in vaccine trials bivalent vaccine gave no better protection against development of MD lesions than a monovalent vaccine. Isolate MPF23 was so pathogenic that lesions were produced in all chickens, regardless of the vaccine protocol used. Therefore vvMDV have been isolated in Australia, and unlike the vaccines tested overseas, bivalent Australian vaccines do not appear to provide greater protection against these vvMDV.  相似文献