Influence of Florfenicol on the Treatment Effect of Intermittent Aeration Dynamic Membrane Bioreactors,and its Enhanced Removal Process Investigation     

Xiang Wu  Hao Wu  Lin Mao  Lan Yu  Rongfei Zhang  Jinyun Ye 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(11):418

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1961—2013年河南省气温要素时空变化特征   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

赵国永  韩艳  郭雪莲  闫军辉  向梅  江蕾蕾 《中国农学通报》2015,31(13):249-257

河南省是中国的农业大省和重要的商品粮生产基地,农业生产抵御自然灾害能力较低,需要加强对河南气象要素研究,认识气象要素的变化规律,提高预测的准确性,减少灾害带来的损失。本研究以1961—2013年河南省17个观测站月均温为研究对象,运用Mann-Kendall检验、R/S分析法和空间插值等方法,从时间和空间2个方面分析气温要素的变化特征。结果表明：（1）近53年,年、春季、秋季、冬季和1月均温具有显著升高趋势,夏季和7月均温具有不显著降低趋势;（2）年、春季和秋季均温增温突变发生在20世纪90年代,冬季均温增温突变发生在1984年;21世纪初期以来,年、春季、秋季和冬季均温具有显著升高趋势;（3）通过R/S分析,未来河南省暖化的趋势将持续;（4）年和四季均温空间分布反映了地理学上2个重要的地带性分布规律;海拔较低的区域（东部、北部和南部）升温速率较高,海拔较高的区域（西部山区）升温速率较低;郑州、开封、新乡等地年和四季均温增温速率均是最大值,说明气温升高与人类活动有关;（5）近53年,不同时期的1月0℃等温线均位于淮河北侧,且具有较大的变幅,不能反映实际情况,今后运用1月0℃等温线作为中国南北分界线时需谨慎。  相似文献   

草莓新品种‘晶玉’抗炭疽病相关的生理生化指标分析     

张鹏  曾祥国  韩永超  向发云  顾玉成 《中国农学通报》2015,31(34):197-202

为了研究草莓新品种‘晶玉’抗炭疽病特性的生理生化机制,以‘晶玉’为研究对象,高抗炭疽病品种‘甜查理’和感病品种‘丰香’、‘红颜’为对照,分别检测接种炭疽菌后不同时间点的可溶性总蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)、维生素C含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力的变化。结果表明：在96 h检测范围内,6个生理生化指标的变化趋势总体表现为先升高后降低;抗、感品种间可溶性总蛋白、MDA含量以及SOD、POD活力差异显著;MDA含量随品种抗炭疽病能力增强而降低,CAT活力随品种抗炭疽病能力增强而增加。研究结果说明,‘晶玉’抗炭疽病特性与其低MDA含量、高的可溶性蛋白含量,以及高的SOD、POD、CAT活力相关。  相似文献   

烟草叶片分泌物及植株挥发物释放规律研究     

李祥#  杨真#  胡保文  戴勋  董文霞 《植物保护》2015,41(1):13-22

烟草次生物质不仅对多种害虫的定向、产卵等行为具有调控作用,还能吸引天敌进行间接防御。本研究利用溶剂漂洗法提取了烟草旺长期和成熟期的叶片分泌物,利用顶空吸附法收集了烟草旺长期植株的挥发物,并利用气相色谱(GC)/质谱(MS)联用技术测定了烟草次生物质的成分及含量。结果表明,烟草叶片分泌物中共检测出36种化合物,其中旺长期有33种,成熟期有31种。烟草旺长期植株挥发物中共检测出48种挥发物组分。其中36种组分的日周期释放规律表现为随光照加强和温度升高,释放量呈现上升趋势;11:00-15:00时段的释放量显著高于其他各个时段(P0.05)。而其中9种组分表现为在夜间的释放量显著升高。  相似文献   

南昌市郊梅岭山区油茶病虫害调查     

曹红妹  王广利  陈健  李向  梁艳萍  魏洪义 《植物保护》2015,41(1):166-170

为明确本地油茶病虫害防治对象,于2012-2013年实地调查了南昌市郊梅岭山区油茶林(树龄15年)病虫害的种类、发生情况及危害特点,分析了害虫的组成结构。结果表明,在梅岭山区油茶上可见6种病害发生,主要种类包括茶藻斑病,其病原为寄生性红锈藻(Cephaleuros virescens Kunze);油茶煤污病,其病原为田中新煤炱菌[Neocapnodium tanakae(Shirai et Hara)Yamam];油茶白绢病,其病原为齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)和油茶炭疽病,其病原为胶孢炭疽菌[Colletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.)Sacc.],尤以前两种危害严重。采集到害虫60种,其中以八点广翅蜡蝉[Ricania speculum(Walker)]、红背安缘蝽[Anoplocnemis phasiana(Fabricius)]、茶白毒蛾[Arctornis alba(Bremer)]、山茶象(Curculio chinensis Chevrolat)和歧沟臀肖叶甲(Colaspoides diffinis Lefèvre)为优势种群。这些害虫隶属于4目33科,以鞘翅目(12科)为多,占害虫总科数的36.4%。  相似文献   

不同氮肥处理对糜子产量及品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王君杰  曹晓宁  陈凌  王海岗  刘思辰  田翔  秦慧彬  杨光宗  乔治军 《干旱地区农业研究》2015,33(5):30-33

以晋黍9号为材料,研究了普通尿素和缓释尿素对糜子产量和品质的影响。结果表明:施氮处理的糜子蛋白质含量都显著大于对照,而淀粉含量都显著小于对照;产量以PN2(普通尿素150 kg·hm-2)最高,增产幅度为28.48%;产量与穗数和单株粒重达到极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.81和0.62;糜子产量与籽粒蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.83,与籽粒淀粉含量呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.44。本试验条件下,糜子产量的增加主要是通过增加穗数和单株粒重来实现的。以普通肥料N150 kg·hm-2为最适施氮量。研究表明不是所有土壤类型都适合施用缓释尿素,研究区为砂质土,保水保肥能力差,通气性好,施用普通尿素比缓释尿素效果好。  相似文献   

The effects of high temperature level on square Bt protein concen-tration of Bt cotton     

WANG Jun  CHEN Yuan  YAO Meng-hao  LI Yuan  WEN Yu-jin  CHEN Yuan  ZHANG Xiang  CHEN De-hua 《农业科学学报》2015,14(10):1971-1979

Higher boll worm survival rates were detected after high temperature presented during square period in Bt cotton. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of high temperature level on the Bt efficacy of two different types of Bt cotton cultivars at squaring stage. During the 2011 to 2013 cotton growth seasons, high temperature treatments ranged from 34 to 44°C in climate chambers, and field experiments under high temperature weather with various temperature levels were conducted to investigate the effects of the high temperature level on square Bt protein concentration and nitrogen metabolism. The climate chamber experiments showed that the square insecticidal protein contents reduced after 24 h elevated temperature treatments for both cultivars, whereas significant declines of the square insecticidal protein contents were detected at temperature 38°C, and only slightly numerical reductions were observed when temperature below 38°C. Similar high temperature responses were also observed at the two field experimental sites in 2013. Correspondingly, high temperature below 38°C seems have little effect on the square amino acid concentrations, soluble protein contents, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase(GOT) activities as well as protease and peptidase activities; however, when the temperature was above 38°C, reduced soluble protein contents, enhanced amino acid concentrations, decreased GPT and GOT activities, bolstered protease and peptidase activities in square were detected. In general, the higher the temperature is(38°C), the larger the changes for the above compound contents and key enzymes activities of the square protein cycle. The findings indicated that the unstable insect resistance of the square was related to high temperature level during square stage.  相似文献   

Luteolin prevents f MLP-induced neutrophils adhesion via suppression of LFA-1 and phosphodiesterase 4 activity     

JIANG Dai-xun  LIU Shu-rong  ZHANG Mei-hua  ZHANG Tao  MA Wen-jing  MU Xiang  CHEN Wu 《农业科学学报》2015,14(1):140-147

Luteolin is an active ingredient found early from Folium perillae and Flos lonicerae, and has a specific inhibition on phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4) activity in vitro. Researches show luteolin has pharmacological effects of anti-inflammation, anti-anaphylaxis, antitumor, antioxidant, protection of nervous system and so on, and has mainly been used for the treatment of respiratory inflammatory diseases, cancer and cardiovascular disease in clinic. PDE4, specific to hydrolyze cyclic AMP(c AMP), is considered to be a new anti-inflammatory target due to the decisive role on c AMP signal in inflammatory cells such as neutrophils. In order to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism, we further studied the effects of luteolin on the activity and expression of PDE4, the expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1(LFA-1) and macrophage-1(MAC-1) in neutrophils, and the adhesion of neutrophils and endothelial cells. The results showed that luteolin had a dose-dependent inhibition on both bare PDE4 activity and PDE4 in cultured neutrophils, and had an obviously promotive effect on gene expressions of PDE4 A, 4B and 4D in later period. Luteolin had a significant inhibitory effect on neutrophils adhesion and LFA-1 expression in early stage, and had no obvious effect on MAC-1 expression. Therefore, luteolin can inhibit LFA-1 expression of neutrophils, then inhibit the adhesion of neutrophils and endothelial cells, and the mechanism is at least related with the inhibition of PDE4 activity.  相似文献   

干旱胁迫下偏关苜蓿显微结构响应特征研究     

朱慧森  张垚  董宽虎  杨武德  赵祥 《草地学报》2015,23(4):771-779

以山西地方优良种质--偏关苜蓿(Medicago sativa‘Pianguan’)为材料,采用20% PEG模拟干旱胁迫0, 24, 48, 72 h后,观测根、茎、叶各器官显微结构特征参数。利用单位干旱时间内各显微结构参数相对响应关系及干旱时间与干旱指标实测值关系,获取能够在显微结构尺度上定量评价植物体各组织对干旱胁迫响应关系的干旱指数:干旱响应率(RR)和干旱响应度(RD),旨在为干旱胁迫与细胞响应的其他相关研究提供方法学参考。结果表明:叶片海绵组织厚度和栅栏组织厚度、茎韧皮部厚度和筛管直径及髓腔直径、根直径和表皮厚度分别对干旱胁迫有相对较高的响应特征,其中叶片海绵组织厚度、栅栏组织厚度和茎髓腔直径的响应特征最高。综合响应率和响应度分析得出各器官对PEG的耐受性依次为根> 茎> 叶。  相似文献   

磷脂分析方法与应用研究进展     

王湘  魏芳  吕昕  董绪燕  陈洪 《中国农业科技导报》2015,17(2):141-150

磷脂是所有活体细胞膜的主要成分,具有重要的结构和功能特性。对其进行高效分析,有助于深入理解特定的磷脂如何在正常生理或疾病状态发挥作用,更能为磷脂的生物学特性和营养特性的深入研究提供技术平台。由于自然界和生物体内存在的磷脂种类繁多,且每种磷脂骨架上可以结合的脂肪酸很多,导致其组成变化大,对磷脂的分析一直比较困难。随着分析技术的发展,磷脂分析方法的研究越来越多,综述了磷脂的结构及生物学功能、提取方法、分离方法、质谱鉴定方法、定量分析方法及在脂质组学中的应用等几个方面,并对磷脂分析的发展方向进行了展望,以期为磷脂分析方法的建立,以及磷脂生物学特性和营养特性的深入研究提供参考。  相似文献