新疆伊犁地区的节节麦(Aegilops tauschii Cosson)     

颜济 《作物学报》1984,10(1):1-8

根据在新疆的两年调查,节节麦(Aegilops tauschii Cosson,syn.Ae.squarrosa L.)~(**)在伊犁地区是越年生中生高草,主要分布在草原自然植被中。但可延伸至蒿属(Artemisia)荒漠中呈短生纤草,或存在于河谷草甸。伊犁地区是其连续分布区最东部边缘。在伊犁地区发现 Ae.tauschii 是本种分布地区的新记录。  相似文献   

Adoption of Improved Rice Varieties in the Global South: A Review     

Julia CHECCO  Fathin Ayuni AZIZAN  Jaquie MITCHELL  Ammar Abdul AZIZ 《水稻科学》2023,30(3):186-220

Improved rice varieties(IRVs) play a significant role in establishing food security and improving livelihood in the Global South since its introduction in the 1960s. However, the adoption of new IRVs has remained relatively low. This low adoption poses a challenge to rice-producing and consuming countries as they are increasingly threatened by production shortages, malnutrition, and poor rice quality. Many empirical studies have attempted to identify the determinants influencing the adoption of ...  相似文献   

Dysidenin from the Marine Sponge Citronia sp. Affects the Motility and Morphology of Haemonchus contortus Larvae In Vitro     

Kelsey S. Ramage  Aya C. Taki  Kah Yean Lum  Sasha Hayes  Joseph J. Byrne  Tao Wang  Andreas Hofmann  Merrick G. Ekins  Jonathan M. White  Abdul Jabbar  Rohan A. Davis  Robin B. Gasser 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)

High-throughput screening of the NatureBank marine extract library (n = 7616) using a phenotypic assay for the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus identified an active extract derived from the Australian marine sponge Citronia sp. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the CH₂Cl₂/MeOH extract from Citronia sp. resulted in the purification of two known hexachlorinated peptides, dysidenin (1) and dysideathiazole (2). Compound 1 inhibited the growth/development of H. contortus larvae and induced multiple phenotypic changes, including a lethal evisceration (Evi) phenotype and/or somatic cell and tissue destruction. This is the first report of anthelmintic activity for these rare and unique polychlorinated peptides.  相似文献   

基于不同机型的玉米收获机升运器设计试验研究     

田杨秋  阿力木·买买提吐尔逊  韩长杰  李谦绪  杜志高  黄强斌 《农机化研究》2022,44(6):88-92

为使玉米收获机升运器在大量玉米果穗喂入下能够快速、有序地实现最大化运输,解决升运时存在的果穗含杂和果穗损伤问题,设计了一种玉米收获机升运器.升运器运输方式确定为反转输送方式,果穗升运时进行受力分析确定刮板宽度,果穗脱离刮板后进行抛送运动分析确定果穗落入剥皮装置的竖直位移.4 YZB-4 C与4 YZB-6 A玉米收获机...  相似文献   

再论"绿洲"   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

热合木都拉·阿迪拉 《干旱区研究》2009,26(4)

目前,学术界对绿洲是什么,给出了许多答案,因而使绿洲的研究陷入分散和止步不前的境地。绿洲的概念和定义是绿洲研究的基本问题,应该首先回答:绿洲是什么物体;绿洲是怎样形成的;绿洲是依靠什么生存和发展演化的三个科学问题。系统论和发生学的观点认为,绿洲是人工生物群落;绿洲是干旱气候条件下特有的,由人为建造的植物群落,或称特有的地理景观;绿洲是依靠人的能力和需求而生存和发展的。  相似文献   

艾比湖盐尘对植物生理性状的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

吐尔逊·吐尔洪  吉力力·阿不都外力  艾克拜尔·伊拉洪  刘东伟 《干旱区研究》2009,26(4)

为确定盐尘暴对荒漠植物和农作物生长的影响,采集不同强度盐尘影响区的盐爪爪(Kalidium foliatum)、骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)、新疆枸杞(Lycium dasystemum)、梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)和花花柴(Karelinia caspica)叶片,提取叶片表面和内部可溶性盐分阳离子,研究大气盐尘、叶片表面和叶片内部盐分阳离子含量之间的相关性。同时在室内模拟盐分离子对农作物带来的影响,以杂交油葵G101和玉米新玉78-16为研究对象,观察幼苗期的叶片上干式和湿式飘洒含盐粉尘及其水溶液的生理特征。用原子吸收分光光度法、火焰光度法测定叶片中可溶性阳离子含量。结果表明:荒漠植物叶片上盐分变化和植物的生长没有明显的相关性。模拟实验结果显示:叶片对Na~+具有很强的吸收性,叶片对Na~+的吸收和必要元素K~+的吸收有很强的抑制作用;叶片对Mg~(2+)的吸收没有明显的规律性,但处理区和对照区玉米叶片Mg~(2+)含量有明显差异;玉米对Ca~(2+)的吸收随时间逐渐减弱、油葵对Ca~(2+)的吸收略有增强,但变化幅度很小,玉米和油葵出现叶片枯萎变黄等现象,干式飘...  相似文献   

Humarain: A new dimeric gallic acid glycoside from Punica granatum L. bark     

Mudasir Ahmad Tantray  Seema Akbar  Reehana Khan  Khurshid Ahmad Tariq  Abdul Sami Shawl 《Fitoterapia》2009

A new dimeric gallic acid glycoside named Humarain (1) was isolated from stem bark of Punica granatum. The structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis.  相似文献   

伊犁河流域丰产型农防林防护和增产效应研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

罗青红  宋锋惠  史彦江  哈地尔·依沙克  马萍 《防护林科技》2009,(4)

以干旱、半干旱区伊犁河流域察布查尔县境内新垦地丰产型小网格农防林为研究对象,对林网内农田和对照地的生态和经济效益进行了对比分析,结果表明:与对照地相比,农防林表现出强大的调节功能,林网内农田小气候得到明显改善,主要表现在各测点风速明显减小,空气温度降低、湿度增加,土壤温度日变化平缓等,只是距林缘不同距离的水平测点间,同一测点不同垂直高度间、一天中不同时段内各气象因子日变化规律差异均较大。另外,到目前为止,农防林对林内作物的增产效益也较明显,有防护林的油葵经济纯收益为对照地的1.25倍。  相似文献   

新疆大沙枣全光照喷雾硬枝扦插试验   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

古丽尼沙·卡斯木  周斌  吉小敏  刘巧玲  卢筱莉  李焱炜 《防护林科技》2009,(2):9-10

通过采用“全光喷雾”设备,对新疆南疆3个地理种源的4种大沙枣插穗在不同扦插基质下以GGR6号生根粉浸泡作为处理,以清水浸泡作为对照,进行硬枝扦插育苗试验。试验优选了提高大沙枣硬枝扦插苗生根率及成活率的方法。试验结果表明：用生根粉处理的插穗中喀什1号沙枣的平均成活率最低,仅为72％,最高的是和田1号和阿克苏1号,为91％,但均比用清水处理的生长率高;GGR6号生根粉的最适质量分数为1．0×10^-4,最佳基质为A基质（40％黄土＋30％细河沙＋10％炉灰＋10％锯末＋10％羊粪）;采用GGR6号生根粉浸泡处理4h以上,可以有效地提高扦插的成活率。  相似文献   

Quantifying the impacts of soil water stress on the winter wheat growth in an arid region, Xinjiang     

ChengYi ZHAO  Yu SHENG  Yilihm·Yimam 《干旱区科学》2009,1(1):34-42

Wheat growth in response to soil water deficit play an important role in yield stability. A field experiment was conducted for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during the period of 2002-2005 to evaluate the effects of limited irrigation on winter wheat growth. 80%, 70%, 60%, 50% and 40% of field capacity was applied at different stages of crop growth. Photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat, such as photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photosynthetically active radiation, and soil water content, root and shoot dry mass accumulation were measured, and the root water uptake and water balance in different layer were calculated. Based on the theory of unsaturated dynamic, a one-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate the effect of soil water movement on winter wheat growth using Hydrus-1 D. The soil water content of stratified soil in the experimental plot was calculated under deficit irrigation. The results showed that, in different growing periods, evapotranspiration, grain yield, biomass, root water up- take, water use efficiency, and photosynthetic characteristics depended on the controlled ranges of soil water content. Grain yield response to irrigation varied considerably due to differences in soil moisture contents and irrigation scheduling between seasons. Evapotranspiration was largest in the high soil moisture treatment, and so was the biomass, but this treatment did not produce the highest grain yield and root water uptake was relatively low. Maximum depth of root water uptake is from the upper 80 cm in soil profile in jointing stage and dropped rapidly upper 40 cm after heading stage, and the velocity of root water uptake in latter stage was less than that in middle stage. The effect of limited irrigation treatment on photosynthesis was complex owing to microclimate. But root water uptake increased linearly with harvest yield and improvement in the latter gave better root water uptake under limited irrigation conditions. Appropriately controlled soil wate  相似文献