Molecular and serological characterization of Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola isolated from dogs, swine, and bovine in Brazil     

Fabiana Miraglia  Zenaide M. de Morais  Odir A. Dellagostin  Fabiana K. Seixas  Julio C. Freitas  Francielle G. S. Zacarias  Ádina C. Delbem  Thaís S. P. Ferreira  Gisele O. Souza  Rudy A. Hartskeerl  Silvio A. Vasconcellos  Andrea M. Moreno 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):117-121

The identification of Leptospira clinical isolates through genotyping and serotyping, besides the recognition of its reservoirs, are important tools for understanding the epidemiology of leptospirosis, and they are also keys for identifying new species and serovars. Fourteen clinical isolates from animals were characterized by means of single enzyme amplified length polymorphism, variable number of tandem repeat analysis, pulsed field gel electrophoresis, and serotyping. All isolates were identified as Leptospira interrogans, serovar Canicola. Infections by this serovar occur in urban regions, where dogs represent the main maintenance hosts, whereas bovine and swine may act as reservoirs of serovar Canicola in rural areas. Both urban and rural aspects of leptospirosis, and the role of domestic animals as maintenance hosts, cannot be neglected in developing and developed countries.  相似文献   

Mammary invasive micropapillary carcinoma in a male cat: Immunohistochemical description and clinical follow-up     

Gregório H  Pires I  Seixas F  Queiroga F 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2012,60(2):257-261

We describe the case of a 14-year-old Domestic Short Hair male cat that presented with a single mammary tumour one centimetre in diameter, classified as invasive micropapillary carcinoma. Histology and immunohistochemistry revealed a high mitotic index, a KI-67 index of 10%, a lack of reactivity to myoepithelial markers, and a dense infiltration with T and B lymphocytes at the periphery of the tumour. Micrometastases were detected in the regional lymph node at the time of surgery. Overall survival time was 10 months with a disease-free interval of 7.5 months. Distant metastases in the sublumbar lymph nodes confirmed the aggressiveness of this tumour, which has recently been subtyped in female cats. This is the first case reported in male cats with a complete follow-up, highlighting the importance of prompt and aggressive treatment in the presence of mammary tumours in male cats.  相似文献   

Comparing silvopastoral systems and prospects in eight regions of the world   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Frederick Cubbage  Gustavo Balmelli  Adriana Bussoni  Elke Noellemeyer  Anibal N. Pachas  Hugo Fassola  Luis Colcombet  Belén Rossner  Gregory Frey  Francis Dube  Marcio Lopes de Silva  Hayley Stevenson  James Hamilton  William Hubbard 《Agroforestry Systems》2012,86(3):303-314

Silvopasture systems combine trees, forage, and livestock in a variety of different species and management regimes, depending on the biophysical, economic, cultural, and market factors in a region. We describe and compare actual farm practices and current research trials of silvopastoral systems in eight regions within seven countries of the world: Misiones and Corrientes provinces, Argentina; La Pampa province, Argentina; northwestern Minas Gerais, Brazil; the Aysén region of Patagonia, Chile; the North Island of New Zealand; the Southeast United States; Paraguay; and Uruguay. Some countries use native trees and existing forests; some use plantations, particularly of exotic species. Natural forest silvopasture systems generally add livestock in extensive systems, to capture the benefits of shade, forage, and income diversification without much added inputs. Plantation forest systems are more purposive and intensive, with more focus on joint production and profits, for small owners, large ranches, and timber companies. Trends suggest that more active management of both natural and planted silvopastoral systems will be required to enhance joint production of timber and livestock, achieve income diversification and reduce financial risk, make more profit, improve environmental benefits, and realize more resilience to adapt to climate change.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dairy goats from Romania     

Iovu A  Györke A  Mircean V  Gavrea R  Cozma V 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,186(3-4):470-474

Little information is available about the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in goats in Romania and even in Europe. During 2007-2010, 735 serum samples were collected from dairy goats located in 4 historical regions (Cri?ana, Maramure?, Transylvania and Muntenia) of Romania. Sera were analyzed for T. gondii and N. caninum antibodies (IgG type) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using two commercial kits (Chekit Toxotest Antibody ELISA and Chekit Neospora caninum Antibody ELISA; Idexx-Bommeli, Switzerland). Three hundred and eighty-eight out of 735 (52.8%) goats presented T. gondii antibodies and 12 out of 512 (2.3%) goats had N. caninum antibodies. The high seroprevalence of T. gondii suggests that infection with this parasite is common in dairy goats in Romania, and less common the infection with N. caninum. This is the first time that infection with N. caninum in goats has been reported in Romania and the first extended study on seroepidemiology of T. gondii.  相似文献   

Gastroprotective potential of frutalin, a D-galactose binding lectin, against ethanol-induced gastric lesions     

de Vasconcellos Abdon AP  Coelho de Souza G  Noronha Coelho de Souza L  Prado Vasconcelos R  Araújo Castro C  Moreira Guedes M  Pereira Lima RC  de Azevedo Moreira R  de Oliveira Monteiro-Moreira AC  Rolim Campos A 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(3):604-608

The present study was designed to verify whether frutalin (FTL) affords gastroprotection against the ethanol-induced gastric damage and to examine the underlying mechanism(s). Gastric damage was induced by intragastric administration of 0.2 ml of ethanol (96%). Mice in groups were pretreated with FTL (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg; i.p.), cimetidine (100 mg/kg; p.o.), or vehicle (0.9% of NaCl, 10 mL/kg; p.o.), 30 min before ethanol administration. They were sacrificed 30 min later, the stomachs excised, and the mucosal lesion area (mm2) measured by planimetry. Gastroprotection was assessed in relation to inhibition of gastric lesion area. To study the gastroprotective mechanism(s), its relations to capsaicin-sensitive fibers, endogenous prostaglandins, nitric oxide, sulphydryls, ATP-sensitive potassium channels, adrenoceptors, opioid receptors and calcium channels were analyzed. Treatments effects on ethanol-associated oxidative stress markers GSH and MDA were measured in gastric tissue. FTL afforded a dose-unrelated gastroprotection against the ethanol damage. However, it failed to prevent the ethanol-induced changes in the levels of GSH and MDA. It was observed that the gastroprotection by FTL was greatly reduced in animals pretreated with capsazepine, indomethacin, L-NAME or glibenclamide. Considering the results, it is suggested that the FTL could probably be a good therapeutic agent for the development of new medicine for the treatment of gastric ulcer.  相似文献   

Non-accidental injuries found in necropsies of domestic cats: a review of 191 cases     

de Siqueira A  Cassiano FC  Landi MF  Marlet EF  Maiorka PC 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(10):723-728

Animal cruelty is defined as a deliberate action that causes pain and suffering to an animal. In Brazil, legislation known as the Environmental Crimes Law states that cruelty toward all animal species is criminal in nature. From 644 domestic cats necropsied between January 1998 and December 2009, 191 (29.66%) presented lesions highly suggestive of animal cruelty. The main necroscopic finding was exogenous carbamate poisoning (75.39%) followed by blunt-force trauma (21.99%). Cats from 7 months to 2 years of age were the most affected (50.79%). In Brazil, violence is a public health problem and there is a high prevalence of domestic violence. Therefore, even if laws provide for animal welfare and protection, animals are common targets for violent acts. Within a context of social violence, cruelty toward animals is an important parameter to be considered, and the non-accidental lesions that were found are evidence of malicious actions.  相似文献   

A multiplex PCR for the detection of Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. DNA from aborted bovine fetuses     

Richtzenhain LJ  Cortez A  Heinemann MB  Soares RM  Sakamoto SM  Vasconcellos SA  Higa ZM  Scarcelli E  Genovez ME 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,87(2):139-147

Bovine brucellosis and leptospirosis are important causes of bovine abortion around the world. Both diseases can be serologically diagnosed, but many factors may cause false positive and negative results. Direct methods based on bacteriological isolation are usually employed, but they are difficult, time consuming and dangerous. Monoplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have been successfully described for the detection of Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. Aiming at improvement in the direct diagnosis, a multiplex PCR (mPCR) for the detection of these agents in aborted bovine fetuses is described. The detection threshold of the mPCR was evaluated in experimentally contaminated bovine clinical samples using a conventional proteinase K/SDS or a boiling-based extraction protocols. The mPCR was applied to two groups of clinical samples: 63 episodes of bovine abortion and eight hamsters experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. Adopting microbiological isolation as reference, the test showed a sensitivity of 100% in both groups of clinical samples. Seven samples collected from bovine fetuses were Brucella spp. culture negative but showed positive results in mPCR. Regarding Leptospira spp. detection, similar results were observed in three bovine clinical samples. All hamsters infected with Leptospira were positive in both microbiological culture and mPCR. The boiling extraction protocol showed better results in some clinical samples, probably by the removal of PCR inhibitors by heat treatment. The high sensitivity, simplicity and the possibility of detection of both bacteria in a single tube reaction support the use of the mPCR described in the routine diagnosis.  相似文献   

Cortisol response to road transport stress in calm and nervous stallions     

Esterina Fazio  Pietro Medica  Cristina Cravana  Adriana Ferlazzo 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2013,8(4):231-237

Cortisol may be useful as a marker in predicting how an animal will respond to stressful stimuli, thus providing information on animal's temperament. To quantify the level of transport stress and the effect of temperament on the adrenocortical response, the change in circulating cortisol levels was evaluated in 84 healthy experienced thoroughbred and crossbred stallions, mean age 11.4 ± 4.5 years old, after road transport in a commercial trailer (6 horses per load, stocking density: 2 m²/horse), over mean distances of 210 ± 11.8 km for about 3 hours. Several experienced caretakers were asked to complete 2 questionnaires, one that used a 5-point scale to subjectively evaluate temperament and another that used a 3-point scale to assess tendencies in response to ordinary care and daily management. The scores for the latter were defined as follows: a score of 1 indicated that the horse had never or rarely troubled the caretaker during management, 2 occasionally, and 3 usually. On this basis, the subjects were distinguished between calm and nervous stallions. Blood samples were taken same daytime (8.00 am), in single box, immediately before loading, then after transport and unloading. Serum cortisol concentrations were analyzed in duplicate by immunoenzymatic assay. Compared with basal levels, cortisol increases were observed in both calm (P < 0.001) and nervous (P < 0.05) stallions after transport. Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant effects of transport on cortisol changes (P < 0.001). Nervous subjects showed lower (P < 0.01) cortisol levels than did calm subjects after transport, and basal cortisol levels did not differ between calm and nervous subjects. No significant differences (P > 0.05) between different age, breed, and orientation were detected.The results showed that temperament could influence the adrenocortical responses of stallions after short-term transportation. The presence of the same staff for handling, loading, confinement, and unloading, the same veterinarian taking all blood samples, and the presence of cospecifics did not reduce the response to short transport stress both in calm and nervous stallions already accustomed to transport. Lower cortisol concentrations in nervous subjects might be because of failure of the adrenal cortex to respond normally to transport stress. Moreover, signs of transport stress were less pronounced in nervous stallions.  相似文献   

Live weight, carcass ultrasound images, and visual scores in Angus cattle under feeding regimes in Brazil     

Luís Fernando Batista Pinto  Jaime Urdapilleta Tarouco  Victor Breno Pedrosa  Adriana de Farias Jucá  André Gustavo Leão  Antonia Kécya França Moita 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(6):1281-1287

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Rhizobia phylogenetically related to common bean symbionts Rhizobium giardinii and Rhizobium tropici isolated from peanut nodules in Central Argentina     

Fernando Ibañez  Tania Taurian  Jorge Angelini  Maria Laura Tonelli  Adriana Fabra 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2008,40(2):537-539

Our previous studies of the native rhizobial population associated with peanut nodules in the Córdoba soils of Argentina revealed that this population is highly diverse and includes slow- and fast-growing isolates. The native fast-growing isolates NCHA22 and NET30 were selected on the basis of their plant growth promoting properties and their chromosomal genotypes were determined by 16S rDNA sequencing. NCHA22 and NET30 16S rDNA alleles were found to cluster with those of Rhizobium tropici group IIB and Rhizobium giardinii bv. giardinii strain H152, respectively. We have now characterized these isolates by analyzing the glnA and nifH genes to clarify their taxonomic position. These studies confirmed that fast-growing isolates belonging to species earlier described as bean symbionts were obtained from nodules of a leguminous plant that has been described as efficiently nodulated exclusively by slow-growing rhizobial strains.  相似文献