Construction of a linkage map based on retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms in sweetpotato via high-throughput sequencing     

Yuki Monden  Takuya Hara  Yoshihiro Okada  Osamu Jahana  Akira Kobayashi  Hiroaki Tabuchi  Shoko Onaga  Makoto Tahara 《Breeding Science》2015,65(2):145-153

Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an outcrossing hexaploid species with a large number of chromosomes (2n = 6x = 90). Although sweetpotato is one of the world’s most important crops, genetic analysis of the species has been hindered by its genetic complexity combined with the lack of a whole genome sequence. In the present study, we constructed a genetic linkage map based on retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms using a mapping population derived from a cross between ‘Purple Sweet Lord’ (PSL) and ‘90IDN-47’ cultivars. High-throughput sequencing and subsequent data analyses identified many Rtsp-1 retrotransposon insertion sites, and their allele dosages (simplex, duplex, triplex, or double-simplex) were determined based on segregation ratios in the mapping population. Using a pseudo-testcross strategy, 43 and 47 linkage groups were generated for PSL and 90IDN-47, respectively. Interestingly, most of these insertions (~90%) were present in a simplex manner, indicating their utility for linkage map construction in polyploid species. Additionally, our approach led to savings of time and labor for genotyping. Although the number of markers herein was insufficient for map-based cloning, our trial analysis exhibited the utility of retrotransposon-based markers for linkage map construction in sweetpotato.  相似文献   

Comparison of lysophospholipid levels in rat feces with those in a standard chow     

Inoue M  Adachi M  Shimizu Y  Tsutsumi T  Tokumura A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(13):7062-7067

Although lysophospholipids have attracted much attention due to their diverse physiological activities through their specific receptors, little is known about their metabolic fates in mammalian digestive systems after their ingestion as a minor food component. In this study, we analyzed five lysophospholipids in lipid extracts of a standard rat chow and feces of rats fed the chow by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The most abundant lysophospholipid in the rat chow was lysophosphatidylcholine followed by lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) in an increasing order, but their concentrations were very low in rat feces. Among the molecular species of LPS in the chow, only saturated species were detected in the feces in significant amounts. In addition, several molecular species of LPA remained in the feces in variable portions (saturated > monounsaturated > polyunsaturated). These results suggest that a portion of ingested LPA and LPS reach the rat large intestine, affecting physiological colon functions.  相似文献   

Ploidy assessment of porcine haploid and diploid parthenogenetic embryos by fluorescent in situ hybridization detecting a chromosome 1-specific sequence, Sus scrofa Mc1 satellite DNA     

Sembon S  Fuchimoto D  Iwamoto M  Suzuki S  Onishi A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(2):307-311

The aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for detecting a chromosome 1-specific sequence as a means of assessing the ploidy of porcine parthenotes. In vitro-matured oocytes with the first polar body (PB) were electrically activated; some were treated with cytochalasin B to prevent second PB extrusion (1PB embryos), and the others extruded the second PB (2PB embryos). At the 2-cell stage, one and two FISH signals were detected in each nucleus of 2PB and 1PB embryos, respectively. Almost all cells of blastocysts derived from 1PB embryos retained two signals. In contrast, cells of blastocysts derived from 2PB embryos had two signals. These data demonstrate that FISH analysis allows precise ploidy assessment of porcine parthenogenetic embryos, hence providing a practical means of detecting ploidy transition during parthenogenetic embryogenesis.  相似文献   

Cloned cows with short telomeres deliver healthy offspring with normal-length telomeres     

Miyashita N  Kubo Y  Yonai M  Kaneyama K  Saito N  Sawai K  Minamihashi A  Suzuki T  Kojima T  Nagai T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(5):636-642

Dolly, the first mammal cloned from a somatic cell, had shorter telomeres than age-matched controls and died at an early age because of disease. To investigate longevity and lifetime performance in cloned animals, we produced cloned cows with short telomeres using oviductal epithelial cells as donor cells. At 5 years of age, despite the presence of short telomeres, all cloned cows delivered multiple healthy offspring following artificial insemination with conventionally processed spermatozoa from noncloned bulls, and their milk production was comparable to that of donor cows. Moreover, this study revealed that the offspring had normal-length telomeres in their leukocytes and major organs. Thus, cloned animals have normal functional germ lines, and therefore germ line function can completely restore telomere lengths in clone gametes by telomerase activity, resulting in healthy offspring with normal-length telomeres.  相似文献   

Isolation of Staphylococcus aureus from raw fish in relation to culture methods     

Saito E  Yoshida N  Kawano J  Shimizu A  Igimi S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(3):287-292

Five hundred and fifty fish samples from various stages in the course of distribution in Hyogo Prefecture (209 retailed in super markets, 173 obtained from fishery cooperatives at a harbor, 91 caught by trawling and 77 caught by rod fishing) were examined for contamination with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). S. aureus was detected in 41 (19.6%) of the retail fish samples and 46 (26.6%) of the samples from the fishery cooperatives. No S. aureus was isolated from the live fish (91 trawled and 77 fished by rod). With regard to the retail fish, the contamination rate of processed fish (26.0%) was significantly higher than that of unprocessed fish (14.2%). For 88 samples, the efficacy of the selective medium was compared using Baird-Parker agar and mannitol salt agar supplemented with egg yolk (MSEY agar) by the direct plate and enrichment culture methods. Using the direct culture method, the S. aureus positive rate with the Baird-Parker agar (30.7%) was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that with the MSEY agar (6.8%). The enrichment culture method remarkably raised the S. aureus detection rate. Seventy-eight (85.7%) of 91 isolates belonged to the human ecovar. Sixty-two (68.1%) of the 91 isolates had some enterotoxin genes, including 44 (48.4%) with the sea gene. These data showed that the fish were contaminated with S. aureus after landing and that Baird-Parker agar had an advantage in detecting S. aureus with a direct plate culture.  相似文献   

Influence of connectivity, habitat quality and invasive species on egg and larval distributions and local abundance of crucian carp in Japanese agricultural landscapes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shin-ichiro S. Matsuzaki  Akira Terui  Kohji Kodama  Masamitsu Tada  Takehito Yoshida  Izumi Washitani 《Biological conservation》2011,(8):2081-2087

The quality of habitat at and around a spawning site, and the availability of movement between spawning and nonspawning habitats are likely to be important determinants for population persistence in a degraded and fragmented landscape. We assessed the influence of habitat connectivity, habitat quality and invasive species for distributions and local abundance of eggs and larvae of crucian carp (Crassius auratus complex, which is listed as “data deficient” on the Japanese Red List) in agricultural landscapes surrounding Lake Mikata, Japan, where drainage ditches and paddy fields are extensively utilised for spawning (lake or river shores are also used). We investigated the presence and abundance of eggs and larvae of crucian carp and habitat components at 146 sites across a range of presumed spawning habitats. Egg presence was affected strongly by connectivity to the lake (watercourse distance from the lake), and egg abundance was significantly influenced by both connectivity and habitat quality. In contrast, larval presence was primarily related to habitat quality. Larval abundance was influenced by connectivity and habitat quality, but the effect of connectivity was relatively low. Furthermore, larval abundance was negatively related to the presence of the invasive species red swamp crayfish (Procambarus craki) and bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Our findings indicate that connectivity, habitat quality and the presences of invasive species are crucial in determining suitable spawning and nursery habitats, but their relative importance may vary depending on egg and larval life stages. We suggest that restoring connectivity, improving habitat quality and removal of invasive species could be effective conservation strategies for the declining populations of crucian carp in agricultural landscapes.  相似文献   

Fukushima research needs world's support     

Akabayashi A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6043):696

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Patterns of aquaporin expression in the canine eye     

Karasawa K  Tanaka A  Jung K  Matsuda A  Okamoto N  Oida K  Ohmori K  Matsuda H 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,190(2):e72-e77

Aquaporins (AQPs) function as water channels in many types of cells involved in fluid transport. More than 10 isoforms have been identified, and these are differentially expressed in many types of mammalian cells in the body. Six AQPs (AQP0, AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP9) have been identified in the eyes of humans and/or rodents. The unique permeability characteristics and distribution of AQPs indicate their diverse roles in the regulation of water homeostasis in the eye. The aim of this study was to investigate the localisation of AQPs in normal canine eyes, with AQP0 protein expressed in the crystalline lens and retina. Although AQP1 mRNA was detected in various areas of the canine eye, its protein expression was limited to the cornea, iris and ciliary body. AQP4 was identified in the iris, retina and optic nerve. AQP3 and AQP5 were found in the cornea and conjunctiva, and their expression was particularly high in the limbus. AQP3 and AQP5 were present in the nictitating membrane indicating that they play a role in water transport within the membrane. The observations suggested that several subtypes of the AQP family are involved in the regulation of water homeostasis in the canine eye.  相似文献   

Isolation and expression pattern of genes related to flower initiation in the evergreen azalea, Rhododendron × pulchrum ‘Oomurasaki’     

Kyeong-Seong Cheon  Akira Nakatsuka  Nobuo Kobayashi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

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Early dead ripe of bread wheat and durum wheat caused by Ophiosphaerella korrae and evaluation of the fungal influence on barley,rice, and soybean     

Tomioka  Keisuke  Sekiguchi  Hiroyuki  Nomiyama  Koji  Kawaguchi  Akira  Kawakami  Akira  Masunaka  Akira  Kobayashi  Hidekazu  Chiba  Masahiro  Nagata  Kenji  Ishikawa  Naoyuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2021,87(5):273-280

Journal of General Plant Pathology - A ripening disorder with early blighting of foliage including spike bleaching was observed on bread wheat in May 2017 and durum wheat in May 2018 in...  相似文献