Neuronal vacuolation in an adult ferret          下载免费PDF全文

Hamir AN  Miller JM  Yaeger MJ 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2007,48(4):389-391

The brain of a ferret showing abnormal neurologic signs was evaluated by histopathologic, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural examinations. Extensive neuronal vacuolation was observed. Since the brain was negative for protease-resistant protein prion (PrP'"), it was concluded that this was not a case of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy.  相似文献   

Evaluation of serum C-reactive protein level and its related factors in hemodialysis patients in Sari, Iran     

Baradari AG  Zeydi AE  Espahbodi F  Shahmohammadi S 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(10):595-599

Chronic inflammation, as reflected by increased level of acute phase protein such as C-reactive Protein (CRP) is highly prevalent in hemodialysis patients. CRP is a strong predictor of overall and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in hemodialysis patients. This research was conducted to determine the C-reactive Protein (CRP) levels and its correlation to demographic and clinical characteristics and Laboratory values in hemodialysis patients in Sari, Iran. In a cross sectional study, 147 hemodialysis patients were studied. Patients' demographic and clinical data were recorded and also serum CRP, Cholesterol, Albumin, Phosphorous, Calcium, Hemoglobin and Hematocrit levels were measured. Overall, the mean CRP concentration was 15.8 mg L(-1). With considering to the different cutoff point (5, 6.2, 10 mg L(-1)) for CRP level, 107 patients (72.8%) had CRP level >5 mg L(-1), 99 patients (67.3%) had CRP level > 6.2 mg L(-1) and 77 patients (52.4%) had CRP level >10 nmg L(-1). The CRP levels greater than 6.2, had a direct statistically significant correlation with duration of hemodialysis and phosphorus level (p = 0.01). Also, CRP levels above 10 mg L(-1) had a direct statistically significant correlation with age and phosphorus levels (p = 0.02). According to the prevalence of high CRP level and it's correlation with age, duration ofhemodialysis and phosphorus level in hemodialysis patients, CRP level should be screened in this group of patients routinely because of its prognostic importance.  相似文献   

Transfer and loss of naturally-occurring plasmids among isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae in heavy metal contaminated soils     

Amir Lakzian  Ken E. Giller 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(5):1066-1077

Plasmid transfer among isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae in heavy metal contaminated soils from a long-term experiment in Braunschweig, Germany, was investigated under laboratory conditions. Three replicate samples each of four sterilized soils with total Zn contents of 54, 104, 208 and 340 mg kg⁻¹ were inoculated with an equal number (1×10⁵ cells g⁻¹ soil) of seven different, well-characterized isolates of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae. Four of the isolates were from an uncontaminated control plot (total Zn 54 mg kg⁻¹) and three were from a metal-contaminated plot (total Zn 340 mg kg⁻¹).After 1 year the population size was between 10⁶ and 10⁷ g⁻¹ soil, and remained at this level in all but the most contaminated soil. In the soil from the most contaminated plot no initial increase in rhizobial numbers was seen, and the population declined after 1 year to <30 cells g⁻¹ soil after 4 years. One isolate originally from uncontaminated soil that had five large plasmids (no. 2-8-27) was the most abundant type re-isolated from all of the soils. Isolates originally from the metal-contaminated soils were only recovered in the most contaminated soil. After 1 year, four isolates with plasmid profiles distinct from those inoculated into the soils were recovered. One isolate in the control soil appeared to have lost a plasmid. Three isolates from heavy metal contaminated soils (one isolate from the soil with total Zn 208 mg kg⁻¹ and two isolates from the soil with total Zn 340 mg kg⁻¹) had all acquired one plasmid. Plasmid transfer was confirmed using the distinct ITS-RFLP types of the isolates and DNA hybridization using probes specific to the transferred plasmid. The transconjugant of 2-8-27 which had gained a plasmid was found in one replicate after 2 years of the most contaminated soil but comprised more than 50% of the isolates. A similar type appeared in a separate replicate of the most contaminated soil after 3 years and persisted in both of these soils until the final sampling after 4 years. After 2 years isolates were recovered from four of the soil replicates with the chromosomal type of 2-8-27 which appeared to have lost one plasmid, but these were not recovered subsequently.Isolate 2-8-27 was among the isolates most sensitive to Zn in laboratory assays, whereas isolate 7-13-1 showed greater zinc tolerance. Acquisition of the plasmid conferred enhanced Zn tolerance to the recipients, but transconjugant isolates were not as metal tolerant as 7-13-1, the putative donor. Laboratory matings between 2-8-27 and 7-13-1 in the presence of Zn resulted in the conjugal transfer of the same small plasmid from 7-13-1 to isolate 2-8-27 and the transconjugant had enhanced metal tolerance. Our results show that transfer of naturally-occurring plasmids among rhizobial strains is stimulated by increased metal concentrations in soil. We further demonstrate that the transfer of naturally-occurring plasmids is important in conferring enhanced tolerance to elevated zinc concentrations in rhizobia.  相似文献   

Droplet-vitrification cryotherapy and thermotherapy as efficient tools for the eradication of apple chlorotic leaf spot virus and apple stem grooving virus from virus-infected quince in vitro cultures     

Farhadi-Tooli  Sakineh  Ghanbari  Alireza  Kermani  Maryam Jafarkhani  Zeinalabedini  Mehrshad  Bettoni  Jean Carlos  Naji  Amir Mohammad  Kazemi  Nooshin 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,162(1):31-43

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Viral diseases affect quince plant productivity and fruit quality. This study evaluated the effectiveness of droplet-vitrification cryotherapy and...  相似文献   

EFFECT OF HUMIC ACID APPLICATION ON CADMIUM ACCUMULATION BY LETTUCE LEAVES     

Maryam Haghighi  Mohsen Kafi  Amir Khoshgoftarmanesh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1521-1532

The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) forms and deficient and toxic rates of boron (B) on the growth, NO₃ accumulation, membrane permeability, mineral nutrition, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of bunch onion (Allium cepa L. var. Radar) plants. Therefore, 20% of NO₃ in reference nutrient solution was replaced by NH₄, urea, or mixed amino acids (AA). To each of these solutions 3, 30, or 300 mmol m^?3 B was added. Fresh and dry weights were the same in the reference and mixed AA treatments, but NH₄ and urea decreased these growth parameters as compared to the reference. Mixed AA decreased the NO₃-N content while urea increased it, and NH₄ treatment yielded similar NO₃-N content as compared to the reference. The nitrogen content of plants was increased by NO₃ replacement with either NH₄ and, urea or mixed AA. At the 300 mmol m^?3 B rate, B content of plants was decreased by NH₄ and urea, but increased by the mixed AA treatment. Membrane permeability was increased by NH₄?replacement of NO₃. Nitrogen use efficiency was found the highest in the reference treatment. Nitrogen and NO₃-N contents were increased by the 300 mmol m^?3 B rate. Increasing B in nutrient solution increased the B contents of plants. Mixed AA treatment decreased the phosphorus (P) content of plants. Potassium (K) and chloride (Cl) contents of plants were decreased in the NH₄ treatment where B was applied at the 3 mmol m^?3 rate. These results suggest that bunch onion growers may reduce NO₃ content in onion tops by partially replacing NO₃ with amino acids without reducing yield.  相似文献   

Accumulative effects of humic acid and multinutrient foliar fertilizers on the vegetative and reproductive attributes of citrus (Citrus reticulata cv. kinnow mandarin)     

Amir Hameed  Shabih Fatma  Javed Iqbal Wattoo  Muhammad Yaseen  Saeed Ahmad 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(19):2495-2506

Abstract

Field trials were performed to investigate the effects of humic acid (HA) and multinutrient foliar fertilizer “Micro Power” (MP) coupled with farmer’s practices ( FP ), addressed in single and/or split dose frames at different plant phenological stages on various vegetative, reproductive, and physiological attributes of citrus trees (Citrus reticulata cv. kinnow mandarin). The results exhibited a profound response of treatments on various growth parameters (32.5% increase in plant height, 22.2% increase in fruit set branch^?1, 5.25% decrease in fruit drop percentage, 89.81% increase in fruit yield (kg), etc.) of citrus trees when compared to the control (FP). Likewise, a significant positive response was observed regarding various plant physiological parameters (leaf nutrients, total chlorophyll content, etc.) and physicochemical characteristics (ascorbic acid, total sugars, etc.) of citrus fruits. This study confirmed the reproducibility of HA and MP applications to improve the yield/quality of citrus and can lead to an organically sustainable citriculture.  相似文献   

Iron efficiency of different corn hybrids grown in nutrient solution culture     

Hamid Reza Eshghizadeh  Amir Hossin Khoshgoftarmanesh  Mortaza Zahedi 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):877-887

Growing Fe-efficient genotype(s) could be considered as a preferred genetic approach to tackle the widespread constraint of Fe-deficiency-/lime-induced chlorosis in crop grown on alkaline soil. This study aimed to investigate morphological and physiological traits linked to expression of Fe deficiency among four corn (Zea mays) including sweet (Z. mays sacchrata cvs. H403 and H404) and grain (Z. mays indentata cvs. H500 and H700) hybrids grown in nutrient solution using two Fe concentrations (5 and 50 µM Fe-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Fe-EDTA)). Significant variation was found among studied hybrids in their tolerance to Fe-deficiency stress. Sweet corn hybrids were more sensitive to Fe deficiency as compared with grain corn hybrids and greater reduction was observed in their shoot dry matter at the 5 µM Fe-EDTA treatment. The greatest decrease in plant height, leaf area, and root and shoot dry matter weight under Fe-deficiency condition was found for H403 hybrid. No significant correlation was found between shoot and root Fe concentration with crop tolerance to Fe deficiency. Furthermore, different response of corn hybrids to Fe deficiency is an important factor, which has to be considered in Fe fertilizer recommendation as well as breeding programs.  相似文献   

The role of root plasma membrane ATPase and rhizosphere acidification in zinc uptake by two different Zn-deficiency-tolerant wheat cultivars in response to zinc and histidine availability     

Faezeh Shahsavari  Seyed Ali Mohammad Mirmohammady Maibody  Hossein Shariatmadari  Amir Massah 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(12):1646-1658

ABSTRACT

We investigated the effect of histidine (His) and Zn deficiency on H⁺-ATPase activity and H⁺ release from wheat roots. Two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cvs. Kavir and Back Cross Roshan) were grown in a nutrient solution for four weeks before being transferred to treatment solutions consisting of two concentrations of His (0 and 50 µM) and two concentrations of Zn (0 and 10 μM). The Zn-only and the Zn+His treatments were observed to release more H⁺ in the root media than did the control ones, with the highest achieved under the Zn+His treatment which was roughly 2.1 times higher than that under the control conditions. The H⁺ release from wheat roots increased slightly but significantly in the presence of only His when compared with the control solutions. The hydrolytic and transport activities of H⁺-ATPase were affected by both Zn deficiency and His supply. In both cultivars, application of Zn and His resulted in a higher hydrolytic activity of H⁺-ATPase when compared with the control solutions. The highest hydrolytic activity of H⁺-ATPase in the root plasma membrane vesicles was achieved with the Zn+His treatment. The ‘Back Cross Roshan’ exhibited a higher (PM) H⁺-ATPase activity and H⁺ pumping than did ‘Kavir’.  相似文献   

Zinc fractions in soil and uptake by wheat as affected by different preceding crops     

Mojtaba Norouzi  Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh  Majid Afyuni 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):670-678

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is widespread in alkaline and calcareous soils. Limited information is available on the effect of preceding crops on the distribution of Zn in soil solid phase. This field study was conducted to investigate the changes in Zn chemical forms in soil solid phase as affected by four preceding crops [Sunflower (Heilianthus annuus L. cv. Allstar), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. cv. Speed Feed), Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Koseh-e-Isfahan)] in a calcareous soil. A control treatment with no preceding crop (fallow) was also used. Our results showed that the preceding crops increased Zn concentration in exchangeable fraction (EXCH-Zn), the organically bound zinc form (ORG-Zn) and zinc bound to iron and manganese oxides (FeMnOX-Zn) while decreased carbonates bound-zinc (CAR-Zn) and residual zinc forms (RES-Zn). However, the changes in Zn fractions were dependent on the preceding crop type. The EXCH-Zn and ORG-Zn pools can be considered labile pools that play significant roles in supplying Zn for plants. Among the preceding crops used in this experiment, clover (Clo) had the highest effect on transforming CAR-Zn form to EXCH-Zn and ORG-Zn labile forms and thus resulted in the highest Zn accumulation in tissues of the target wheat (Triticumaestivum L. cv. Back Cross). Although the changes in chemical forms of Zn in the soil solid phase are complex and dependent on various factors, our findings showed that the preceding crops significantly increased the concentration of Zn in exchangeable and organic matter pools and in turn resulted in higher uptake of Zn by the target wheat.  相似文献   

CONTROLLED RELEASE OF FERTILIZER MICROCAPSULES USING ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE POLYMER TO ENHANCE MICRONUTRIENT AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY     

Jahangir Abedi-Koupai  Jaleh Varshosaz  Mahsa Mesforoosh  Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1130-1138

There have as yet been no detailed studies of micronutrient release from polymer coated fertilizers (PCFs). In this research, slow release microcapsules containing iron fertilizer was made and its release pattern evaluated. Three polymers ethyl cellulose (EC), glycerol mono stearate (GMS) and Compritol 888 ATO, were mixed with avicel and lactose and the microcaopsules were made by extrusion/spheronization method. The dissolution test carried out to determine the Fe release rate versus time. The results showed that, microcaopsules containing Compritol 888 ATO, released iron ions slower than that of EC and GMS. The release rate reached 85% after 7 days. In order to reduce the release rate, these microcaopsules were coated with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer by dip coating method. It is concluded that the combination of matrix type formulation and the coating with EVA polymer caused a significant decrease in the release rate of iron.  相似文献