Clostridium perfringens toxin-types in lambs and kids affected with gastroenteric pathologies in Italy     

Greco G  Madio A  Buonavoglia D  Totaro M  Corrente M  Martella V  Buonavoglia C 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,170(3):65-350

A study was carried out in the South of Italy to assess the role of clostridia in neonatal diseases of lambs and kids. Eighty-seven lambs and 15 kids belonging to 25 flocks were examined and Clostridium perfringens was the microorganism most commonly identified. C. perfringens isolates were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in order to determine the prevalence of the genes cpa, cpb, cpb2, etx, iap and cpe. The most prevalent toxin-type of C. perfringens was found to be type A found in 84% of the cases with clostridial enterotoxaemia. No C. perfringens type B, C or E were found. C. perfringens type D was isolated in 16% of the cases. About 24% of the isolates were cpb2 positive. The prevalence of cpb2 across the different C. perfringens types varied. The beta(2)-toxin gene cpb2 was detected in 4/21 (19%) type A isolates, in 1/2 type D isolates, and in 1/2 type DE (cpe-carrying type D) isolates. The high rate of positivity to cpb2 among the isolates suggests that a vaccine based on the beta(2)-toxin, should be included in the vaccination schedule of the animals to confer adequate protection and to prevent the disease.  相似文献   

A new species of Mymarothecium and new host and geographical records for M. viatorum (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), parasites of freshwater fishes in Brazil     

Cohen SC  Kohn A 《Folia parasitologica》2005,52(4):307-310

Mymarothecium boegeri sp. n. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) is described from the gills of Colossoma macropomum Cuvier (Characidae), collected from the aquaria of the "Centro de Pesquisas em Aquicultura, Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas (DNOCS)", Pentecoste City, State of Ceará, Brazil. Mymarothecium viatorum Boeger, Piasecki et Sobecka, 2002 is reported from the type host, Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier) (Characidae) and from a new host, P. mesopotamicus (Holmberg) (Characidae), confirming the occurrence of M. viatorum in the Neotropical Region. The new species differs from the congeneric species in the structure of male copulatory complex; it is more closely related to M. viatorum by the presence of a posteromedial projection on ventral bar.  相似文献   

Heinz body anemia in a dog that had been sprayed with skunk musk     

Zaks KL  Tan EO  Thrall MA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,226(9):1516-8, 1500

A 5-year-old pit bull-type dog was examined because of lethargy and black feces, and a presumptive diagnosis of methemoglobinemia was made on the basis of grossly visible brown discoloration of the mucous membranes and urine. Heinz body formation was seen on examination of blood smears, and severe anemia developed 3 days later. The dog did not have any history of exposure to toxins or drugs that have been associated with Heinz body formation. The only remarkable historical finding was that the dog had been wandering loose the day prior to initial examination and returned home smelling strongly of skunk spray. Skunk spray contains thiols and other compounds that are strong oxidizing agents. It was speculated that the methemoglobinemia and Heinz body anemia were a result of exposure to these compounds. Skunk interactions with dogs usually have malodorous but otherwise harmless results. However, findings in this dog suggest that more serious consequences may develop in isolated cases.  相似文献   

Effect of sodium 2-phenylphenate applied in wax coatings on appearance of injuries in citrus fruit     

Anna Rajzman  A. Apelbaum  Hana Heller 《Pest management science》1972,3(5):585-590

Citrus fruits were treated with wax coatings containing sodium 2-phenylphenate tetrahydrate (SOPP) and stored at 10 °C. No injuries appeared during 30 days' storage in Valencia oranges sprayed with waxes containing up to 4.75% of SOPP, or during 70 days' storage in Shamouti oranges and in grapefruit dipped in waxes containing up to 2.16% of SOPP. In Shamouti oranges and grapefruit dipped in waxes containing 3.1 to 3.88% of SOPP, injuries appeared at the beginning of storage. In non-injured fruits, the amounts of SOPP applied by waxing did not exceed 74.7 μg/cm² of the fruit surface and the 2-phenylphenol (OPP) residues in the fruits did not exceed 36.8 parts/million; in injured fruits the amounts of SOPP applied varied between 105.1 and 211.3 μg/cm² and the OPP residues between 41.5 and 123.6 parts/million. In non-injured fruit the amount of wax applied did not exceed 3.46 μl/cm²; in injured fruits the figure varied between 3.19 and 6.2 μg/cm², suggesting that the wax coating concentrates at some places on the peel, causing injuries to the fruit. In injured grapefruit 7.93 μl/cm² of wax was found on the injured part of the peel, and 3.21 μl/cm² on the non-injured part, so that 124.6 μg of SOPP/cm² corresponding to 61.6 parts/million of OPP in the fruit was applied to the fruit without causing injuries.  相似文献   

Synthesis of some 3-phenyl-1-substituted(or 1,1- disubstituted)prop-2-yn-1-ols and their in-vivo activity against some phytopathogenic fungi     

Anna Arnoldi  Eliseo Betto  Gandolfina Farina  Attilio Formigoni  Remo Galli  Alberto Griffini 《Pest management science》1982,13(6):670-678

Thirty-two 3-phenyl-1-monosubstituted(or 1, 1-disubstituted)prop-2-yn-1-ols, mostly with heterocyclic substituents, and four derivatives, were synthesised and tested in vivo against eight fungal plant pathogens of different taxonomic classes. No compound showed a wide spectrum of activity, however, nine of them were effective against Sphaerotheca fuliginea on Cucumis sativus, both in direct protectant tests and in systemic protectant tests by root application.  相似文献   

Taxonomy: exploring the impediment     

Lyal CH  Weitzman AL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5687):1106

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Ghrelin in the gastroenteric tract of birds: immunoreactivity expression     

Neglia S  Arcamone N  Esposito V  Gargiulo G 《Veterinary research communications》2004,28(Z1):213-215

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Effect of carboxymethylcellulose and hyaluronate solutions on jejunal healing in horses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Eggleston RB  Mueller PO  Parviainen AK  Groover ES 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(5):637-643

OBJECTIVE: To compare a double-layer inverting anastomosis with a single-layer appositional anastomosis, coated with either 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) or 0.4% sodium hyaluronate (HA) solutions, in the small intestine of horses with respect to anastomotic healing and adhesion formation. ANIMALS: 18 adult horses. PROCEDURE: Midline celiotomy and end-to-end jejunal anastomoses were performed. In control group horses (n = 6), a double-layer inverting anastomosis coated with sterile lactated Ringer's solution was performed. In treatment group horses, a single-layer appositional anastomosis was performed that was coated with 1% carboxymethylcellulose solution (SAA + SCMC group horses, 6) or 0.4% hyaluronate solution (SAA + HA group horses, 6). An additional 500 mL of the respective treatment solution was applied to the jejunal serosal surface, and 2 jejunal serosal abrasion sites were created. Horses were euthanatized 10 days after surgery. Anastomoses and abdominal adhesions were evaluated grossly. Anastomotic healing was evaluated on the basis of bursting wall tension. RESULTS: Bursting wall tension was significantly greater in SAA + SCMC group horses, compared with control group horses. All intestinal segments failed at a point distant to the anastomosis. Significantly fewer adhesions were found at the abrasion sites of SAA + HA group horses, compared with control group horses. No differences were found in adhesion formation at the anastomotic sites among groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Coating a single-layer appositional jejunal anastomosis with SCMC or HA solutions does not adversely affect anastomotic healing. Application of 0.4% HA solution to the serosal surface of the jejunum significantly decreases the incidence of experimentally induced intra-abdominal adhesion formation in horses.  相似文献   

Ornithonyssus bacoti infestation on pets in the UK     

Pizzi R  Meredith A  Thoday KL  Walker A 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(18):576

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Evaluation of the efficacy and duration of immunity of a canine combination vaccine against virulent parvovirus, infectious canine hepatitis virus, and distemper virus experimental challenges     

Abdelmagid OY  Larson L  Payne L  Tubbs A  Wasmoen T  Schultz R 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2004,5(3):173-186

The results of this study confirmed that dogs vaccinated subcutaneously with a commercially available multivalent vaccine containing modified-live canine distemper virus, canine adenovirus type 2, canine parvovirus type 2b, and canine parainfluenza virus antigens were protected against sequential experimental challenge 55 to 57 months after initial vaccination given at 7 to 8 weeks of age. All 10 vaccinates were protected against clinical diseases and mortality following parvovirus and infectious canine hepatitis experimental infections. All vaccinates were protected against mortality and 90% against clinical disease following distemper challenge. These data support at least a 4-year duration of immunity for these three "core" fractions in the combination vaccine.  相似文献