Effect of postharvest desiccation at high temperature on soluble sugar changes of two supersweet sweet corn cultivars     

L. H. Aung  D. C. Fouse  C. M. Harris 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):745-750

The alteration in the soluble sugar contents of two commercial cultivars of sweet corn, Zea mays L. Supersweet Jubilee and Sweetie, desiccated at 60°C was determined. The loss of kernel moisture under field condition was gradual, but was rapid under laboratory condition at 60°C. Constant dry weight of kernels was reached after 24 h. In both cultivars, postharvest desiccation at 60°C significantly increased raffinose and fructose contents over those of non-desiccated control. Sucrose content of kernels, however, was significantly decreased by desiccation in both cultivars. In cv. Supersweet Jubilee, raffinose, sorbitol, fructose and glucose were significantly increased in kernels contained in plastic bags held at 60°C compared with naked desiccation at 60°C. In cv. Sweetie, however, only fructose and glucose contents were increased and not raffinose, sorbitol or sucrose. It was concluded that high temperature desiccation had a profound effect on sweet corn soluble sugars which may be associated with their cell membrane protecting role.  相似文献   

棉铃虫APN基因家族系统进化与功能分析          下载免费PDF全文

牛琳琳  ZAW Lin Naing  张彩虹  EI Thinzar Soe  梁革梅 《中国生物防治学报》2021,37(1):91-101

氨肽酶N(APN)是锌金属蛋白酶M1家族的成员,鳞翅目昆虫中肠刷状缘膜囊泡(brush border membrane vesicles,BBMV)细胞膜上的APN不仅在蛋白消化吸收过程中起着重要的作用,而且是Bt的重要受体蛋白.本研究通过PCR技术克隆得到7条棉铃虫APN基因全长序列,HaAPN1～7(Genbank...  相似文献   

Effects of calorie restriction on the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase under oxidative stress conditions in the rotifer <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachionus plicatilis</Emphasis>     

Muniyandi Kailasam  Gen Kaneko  Aung Kyaw Swar Oo  Yori Ozaki  Arunachalam Rengasamy Thirunavukkarasu  Shugo Watabe 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(3):403-409

Calorie restriction (CR) in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis extends its lifespan, as it enhances the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) and catalase. Here we show that CR also increased the mRNA levels of these antioxidant enzymes upon exposure to oxidative stress. Rotifers cultured under CR showed a higher survival rate than those fed ad libitum (AL) upon exposure to 0.05–0.2 μM juglone, an oxidative stress inducer. The relative mRNA levels of Mn SOD and catalase before exposure to juglone were slightly higher in the CR rotifers than in their AL counterparts, although these differences were not statistically significant. AL rotifers showed no apparent upregulation of the mRNA levels of these antioxidant enzymes upon exposure to 0.025 and 0.05 μM juglone. In contrast, the CR rotifers increased the mRNA levels of Mn SOD and catalase by up to 5.4-fold and 4.2-fold, respectively, resulting in significant differences between their levels in AL and CR rotifers under oxidative stress conditions. Furthermore, the protein level of catalase was clearly higher in CR than in AL rotifers 6 h after exposure to oxidative stress. These results suggest that the upregulation of Mn SOD and catalase genes is involved in CR-induced resistance to oxidative stress in the rotifer.  相似文献   

Bioenergy grass [Erianthus ravennae (L.) Beauv.] secretes two members of mugineic acid family phytosiderophores which involved in their tolerance to Fe deficiency     

Tomoko Nozoye  May Sann Aung  Hiroshi Masuda  Hiromi Nakanishi  Naoko K. Nishizawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):543-552

Ravenna grass, Erianthus ravennae (L.) Beauv. (E. ravennae) is a potential high biomass-energy crop with low input requirements. Iron (Fe) deficiency in calcareous soils is a widespread agronomic problem which reduces crop yields. Fe is sparingly soluble under aerobic conditions at high soil pH, such as in calcareous soils; therefore, plants cannot take up enough Fe. Increasing crop productivity of giant grasses, such as Ravenna grass in calcareous soil, has a positive effect by alleviating environmental problems. However, the growth character in calcareous soil and Fe homeostatic trait of Ravenna grass are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed characteristics of Ravenna grass. The growth of E. ravennae plants were impaired in calcareous soil compared to those in the normal soil. In calcareous soil, the growth of E. ravennae plants differ among the water and fertilizer conditions; E. ravennae plants were grown better in the submerged condition adding micronutrient among conditions. These results suggested that impaired growth of E. ravennae in calcareous soil might be micronutrient shortage. We found that E. ravennae roots possess Fe reductase activities which were upregulated under Fe-deficient conditions. E. ravennae produced and secreted mugineic acid (MA) and deoxymugineic acid (DMA) to acquire Fe from the soil. The amount of MA was higher than that of DMA. Thus, E. ravennae might have both partial Strategy-I and Strategy-II Fe uptake systems. E. ravennae intercropped with transgenic rice plants producing and secreting MA through the introduction of the barley MA synthase gene showed improved growth compared to monocropped E. ravennae plants, suggesting that the increased amounts of MA enhanced their tolerance to Fe deficiency. Our results suggest that there is a considerable potential to improve the growth of E. ravennae plants in calcareous soils by enhancement of their Fe uptake systems through increase of MA production.  相似文献   

Searching for Myanmar indigenous Bradyrhizobium type C strains that best identify Rj4 genotypes in soybean     

Aung Zaw Htwe  Kenjirou Taira  Takeo Yamakawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):228-233

Bradyrhizobium species are symbiotic partners of soybean plants. However, some Bradyrhizobium bacteria do not form functional nodules on the roots of Rj₄ genotype soybean cultivars. Our objective was to identify the strains of Bradyrhizobium (i.e., type C strains) that are least competent to form nodules on the roots of this plant genotype. We checked (i) previously isolated type C strains of Myanmar Bradyrhizobium elkanii (MMY6-1, MMY6-2, and MMY6-5), (ii) previously isolated type C strains of Myanmarese Bradyrhizobium spp. (MMY3-5 and MMY3-7), and (iii) strain Is-34 of B. japonicum, for nodule formation when associated with Rj₄ and other Rj genotype soybeans. Strains in groups (i), (ii), and (iii) are known to be incompatible with Rj₄ soybean genotypes. MMY3-5 and MMY3-7 produced functional nodules when associated with Rj₄ and other Rj genotype soybean cultivars, except Hill (Rj₄) cultivar. The ratios of ineffective nodule numbers/total nodule numbers (I/T ratios) for MMY6-1, MMY6-2, MMY6-5, and Is-34 in association with Rj₄ soybean cultivars were > 0.5, demonstrating incompatibility between these bacterial strains and the Rj₄ genotype. Interestingly, the I/T ratios of MMY6-1 and MMY6-2 were higher than that of Is-34 in almost all Rj₄ soybean cultivars. Thus, the nodule-forming abilities of the B. elkanii strains MMY6-1 and MMY6-2 were strongly suppressed in Rj₄ soybean cultivars; these strains may therefore be useful to identify the Rj₄ genotype in soybean cultivars.  相似文献   

Steamed American ginseng berry: ginsenoside analyses and anticancer activities     

Wang CZ  Zhang B  Song WX  Wang A  Ni M  Luo X  Aung HH  Xie JT  Tong R  He TC  Yuan CS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(26):9936-9942

This study was designed to determine the changes in saponin content in American ginseng berries after treatment by heating and to assess the anticancer effects of the extracts. After steaming treatment (100-120 degrees C for 1 h, and 120 degrees C for 0.5-4 h), the content of seven ginsenosides, Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd, decreased; the content of five ginsenosides, Rh1, Rg2, 20R-Rg2, Rg3, and Rh2, increased. Rg3, a previously identified anticancer ginsenoside, increased significantly. Two hours of steaming at 120 degrees C increased the content of ginsenoside Rg3 to a greater degree than other tested ginsenosides. When human colorectal cancer cells were treated with 0.5 mg/mL steamed berry extract (120 degrees C 2 h), the antiproliferation effects were 97.8% for HCT-116 and 99.6% for SW-480 cells. At the same treatment concentration, the effects of unsteamed berry extract were 34.1% for HCT-116 and 4.9% for SW-480 cells. After staining with Hoechst 33258, apoptotic cells increased significantly by treatment with steamed berry extract compared with unheated extracts. Induction of apoptosis activity was confirmed by flow cytometry after staining with annexin V/PI. The steaming of American ginseng berries augments ginsenoside Rg3 content and increases the antiproliferative effects on two human colorectal cancer cell lines.  相似文献   

Fowl cholera in quail in Burma     

Aung Myint  G. R. Carter 《Tropical animal health and production》1988,20(1):35-36

  相似文献   

Leaf rust resistance gene lr34 associated with nonsuppression of stem rust resistance in the wheat cultivar canthatch     

Kerber ER  Aung T 《Phytopathology》1999,89(6):518-521

ABSTRACT The common wheat cultivar Thatcher and the backcross derivative Canthatch are moderately or fully susceptible to several races of stem rust because of a suppressor on chromosome 7DL that inhibits the expression of the relevant resistance gene(s). The incorporation of leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 into 'Thatcher' is known to enhance stem rust resistance. The effect of this gene in a 'Canthatch' background and its relationship with the 7DL suppressor were determined by replacing chromosome 7D of 'Canthatch' with 7D of 'Chinese Spring', which possesses Lr34 on the short arm. 'Canthatch' nullisomic 7D was crossed with 'Chinese Spring', followed by a succession of backcrosses to the nullisomic recurrent parent. Homozygous resistant disomic and monosomic substitution lines were recovered that exhibited the same resistant reaction as that of 'Thatcher' possessing Lr34 and as that of 'Canthatch' nullisomic 7D, in which the 7DL suppressor is absent. The results indicate that, in 'Canthatch', Lr34 permits expression of resistance genes normally inhibited by the 7DL suppressor. Furthermore, it is likely that, in 'Thatcher' and 'Thatcher' back-cross derivatives, Lr34 inactivates the 7DL suppressor.  相似文献   

Effects of co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium elkanii BLY3-8 and Streptomyces griseoflavus P4 on Rj4 soybean varieties     

Aung Zaw Htwe  Seinn Moh Moh  Kyi Moe  Takeo Yamakawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2018,64(4):449-454

Co-inoculation of selected nitrogen-fixing bacteria with plant growth-promoting bacteria is the promising way for the improvement of soybean production through enhancing plant growth, nodulation, and N₂ fixation. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to study the effects of co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium elkanii BLY3-8 with Streptomyces griseoflavus P4 on plant growth, nodulation, N₂ fixation, N uptake, and seed yield of Rj₄ soybean varieties. Two experiments with completely randomized design and three replicates were done in this study. N₂-fixation ability of soybean was evaluated by acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and relative ureide method. In the first experiment, synergetic effect in N₂ fixation and nodulation was occurred in co-inoculation treatment (BLY3-8 + P4) in Yezin-3 and Fukuyutaka. Based on these results, co-inoculation effect of BLY3-8 and P4 was assessed on Yezin-3 and Fukuyutaka varieties at three different growth stages, using Futsukaichi soil under natural environmental conditions. This study shows that co-inoculation of BLY3-8 and P4 significantly increased N₂ fixation at V6 stage; plant growth, nodulation, N₂ fixation, and N uptake at R3.5 stage; and shoot growth, N uptake, and seed yield at R8 stage, in Rj₄ soybean varieties compared with the control. Significant difference in plant growth, nodulation, N₂ fixation, N uptake, and yield between co-inoculation and control, not between single inoculation and control, suggests that there is a synergetic effect due to co-inoculation of BLY3-8 and P4.  相似文献   

Physiological and transcriptomic analysis of responses to different levels of iron excess stress in various rice tissues     

May Sann Aung  Hiroshi Masuda  Takanori Kobayashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2018,64(3):370-385

  相似文献