In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of synthetic pure isothiocyanates against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum     

Kurt S  Güneş U  Soylu EM 《Pest management science》2011,67(7):869-875

BACKGROUND: Isothiocyanates (ITCs) released by the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates in the Brassicaceae are potentially useful for controlling fungal pathogens. In vitro activity of pure ITCs against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary was studied by adding them to glass filters in petri dishes and dissolving them in the growing media. RESULTS: Methyl, allyl and benzyl ITCs were the most fungitoxic of the compounds in bioassays with S. sclerotiorum isolate Ss31. In the volatile phase, mycelial growth was completely inhibited by these three compounds. Aromatic ITCs were less toxic in the petri dishes but were more toxic than aliphatic ITCs when dissolved in the agar. Benzyl ITC exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on sclerotial germination, with an EC₅₀ value of 75.1 µmol L^?1. Butyl and benzyl ITCs reduced apothecial production of S. sclerotiorum by 92.5% at the highest concentration. In in vivo assay, only allyl and 2‐phenylethyl ITCs reduced disease incidence (by 76.7 and 70% respectively) at low concentrations. CONCLUSION: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the soil might be suppressed by the higher concentrations of allyl and benzyl ITCs released from decomposition of Brassica juncea, B. carinata, B. nigra and Sinapis spp. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Effects of Soil and Foliar Treatments of Alone and Combined Applications of Boron with Iron and Zinc on Boron,Zinc, and Iron Contents of Gemlik Olive Trees     

H. Başar  S. Gürel 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(9):1101-1116

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西安市雨水资源化及其利用的探索   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

宋进喜  李怀恩等 《水土保持学报》2002,16(3):102-105

随着城市化的发展 ,城市地表水严重污染 ,地下水超量开采 ,开发利用雨水资源已成为西安市解决水资源问题的最佳途径。雨水是宝贵资源 ,可通过多种方式实现雨水资源化 ,充分利用雨水资源以补给城市水源 ,涵养地下水 ,调节城市生态环境 ,防治雨洪灾害。对西安市区域内雨水下渗和贮存、实现雨水资源化及其利用等方面做了探索 ,并根据实际情况对西安市雨水资源化的必要性、可能性及可持续性进行了分析。  相似文献   

Ground red peppers: capsaicinoids content,Scoville scores,and discrimination by an electronic nose   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Korel F  Bagdatlioglu N  Balaban MO  Hişil Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(11):3257-3261

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and total capsaicinoids levels of different ground red pepper samples obtained from local retail markets in Izmir, Turkey. Scoville scores were determined using sensory tests. An electronic nose (EN) was used to discriminate ground red pepper samples by headspace volatiles. EN data were analyzed using discriminant function analysis (DFA). An overall correct classification rate of pepper varieties by EN of 91% was obtained. A linear correlation between capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and total capsaicinoids and Scoville scores was also observed, and R (2) values of 0.89, 0.85, and 0.91 were obtained, respectively.  相似文献   

Macroinvertebrate Community and Chemistry of the Most Atmospherically Acidified Streams in the Czech Republic     

Jakub Horecký  Evžen StuchlÍk  Pavel Chvojka  David W. Hardekopf  Martin Mihaljevič  Jan Špaček 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,173(1-4):261-272

We performed a comparative study of strongly acidified mountain streams covering 10 sites in the Czech Republic in the season 1999/2000. The aim of the study was to determine how acidification influenced macroinvertebrate community structure within a relatively narrow pH range. We focused on strongly acidified, non-humic running waters with low ionic content (pH < 4.6, total organic carbon < 10 mg l^?1, specific conductivity < 100 μS cm^?1) and minimum human influence in the catchment. The actual pH values ranged from 3.98 to 4.65, and concentrations of reactive aluminium ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 mg l^?1. Characteristic macroinvertebrates were the stoneflies Leuctra nigra, Nemurella pictetii, and Protonemura spp.; the chironomids Corynoneura spp.; and the caddisfly Plectrocnemia conspersa – the former two stoneflies formed together 46% of total organisms. The sites were divided into three groups with use of divisive classification. Individual groups reflected similarity in water chemistry, catchment characteristics, and geographical proximity. The largest biotic difference detected by PCA was in the abundance of stoneflies, mainly Diura bicaudata and Leuctra major. The strongest correlation with this gradient was shown by pH (and associated heavy metals), followed by the distance from source. The results show that even in such narrow pH range, the number of taxa is determined by the low pH value and related high concentrations of aluminium and heavy metals.  相似文献   

亚麻根系还原量与主要农艺性状的相关研究     

陈双恩杜汉强  牛一川 《中国麻业》2005,27(6):304-307

对8个有代表性的亚麻基因型根系还原量与地上部分主要农艺性状进行研究,结果表明：亚麻还原量以现蕾期至开花期最高,以后逐渐递减.其中上段根系的还原量占总还原量的73.31%-76.86%,中段根系占16.2%-18.17%,下段根系占A.95%-9.26%.亚麻根系还原量与单株果数、单株粒数、单株粒重、单株花朵数呈显著或极显著正相关,与结实率呈负相关.  相似文献   

“香两优98049”的选育与应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

宋富根罗来保  尹红根欧阳享泱胡泽生  颜见恩喻吉生 《江西农业学报》2005,17(3):87-88

用“香125S”与“98049”进行杂交,育成早稻新组合“香两优98049”。该组合产量高、抗性强。简要介绍了该组合的栽培和制种技术要点。  相似文献   

Venous blood gases, pH and bicarbonate values in oestrus-synchronised cows     

Taşal I  Ceylan E  Keleş I  Gülyüz F 《The Veterinary record》2005,156(2):50-52

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Histo-anatomical studies on the accessory reproductive glands of the Anatolian souslik (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) (Mammalia: Sciuridae)     

Cakir M  Karataş A 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2004,33(3):146-150

In this study, the histo-anatomy of the accessory reproductive glands of the Anatolian souslik (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) is investigated, using 102 males of the vouchers which were captured from central Anatolia and eastern Mediterranean regions. Averages of measurements taken from each part of the accessory reproductive glands were as follows: length of vesicular gland [right: 3.96 (+/-0.48) mm; left: 3.70 (+/-0.55) mm]; prostate gland [length: 2.55 (+/-0.38) mm; width: 2.63 (+/-0.45) mm]; length of bulbourethral gland [right: 2.32 (+/-0.33) mm; left: 2.37 (+/-0.39) mm], and the length of the pars pelvina of the urethra was 12.31 (+/-0.76) mm. Histological sections showed that vesicular gland was composed of typically branched tubulo-alveolar glands. As the fibrous connective tissue that was found among alveoles in the prostate was dense and relatively common, only few tubulo-alveolar glands occurred. The bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland) was a tubulo-alveolar gland with a large and serrated lumen and septa between the alveoles consisted of dense fibro-muscular fibres.  相似文献   

Field evaluation of a PCR for the diagnosis of chlamydial abortion in sheep     

Güler L  Hadimli HH  Erganiş O  Ateş M  Ok U  Gündüz K 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(22):742-745

A total of 94 vaginal swab samples and 195 serum samples collected from aborted ewes in 15 flocks were examined by pcr and a complement fixation test, respectively. In addition, 172 samples of stomach contents from fetuses from different flocks submitted for the diagnosis of abortion during the four lambing periods between 2000 and 2004 were tested by pcr. Chlamydial dna was detected in seven vaginal swabs obtained from five of the 15 flocks and in six samples of fetal stomach contents. The results of pcr and flock serology for Chlamydia were positive in five of the 15 flocks and negative in eight.  相似文献