Molecular characterization of PRR13 and its tissue-specific expression in rainbow trout (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis>)     

Marieke Verleih  Alexander Rebl  Bernd Köllner  Tomáš Korytář  Günter Kotterba  Eckhard Anders  Klaus Wimmers  Tom Goldammer 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(4):1271-1276

The proline-rich protein 13 (PRR13) is reported to be a key regulator of the resistance to cytostatica by decreasing the copy number of the proapoptotic gene thrombospondin-1. We isolated and characterized the complete PRR13 gene sequence of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The gene comprises four exons and three introns, the latter of comparatively short lengths (100–811 bp). The full-length PRR13 cDNA consists of 1,101 nucleotides, including an open reading frame of 563 bp, which is predicted to encode a 187 amino acid protein with a molecular mass of 18.8 kDa. A continuous stretch of ten serine residues at the C-terminus is highly conserved and characteristic for vertebrate PRR13, but not for other known proline-rich proteins. Phylogenetic analyses suggest a clear separation of teleostean PRR13 proteins and those from mammalian and reptilian species. Comparison of the tissue-specific PRR13 mRNA abundance in two strains of the rainbow trout coastal form (TCO Steelhead II-WA vs. BORN Steelhead II-Germany) revealed an increased expression in the BORN trout in nearly all examined tissues. The major expression differences were detected in gill (2.29-fold) and in liver tissue (2.16-fold). Hence, the increased PRR13 expression in BORN trout might cause improved protection from natural cytostatica and therefore support our assumption that PRR13 is a candidate gene possibly involved in the varying ability of the two rainbow trout strains to handle environmental stress under local conditions of the Southern Baltic.  相似文献   

Potassium efficiency mechanisms of wheat,barley, and sugar beet grown on a K fixing soil under controlled conditions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hanadi El Dessougi  Norbert Claassen  Bernd Steingrobe 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2002,165(6):732-737

Plant species differ in their potassium (K) efficiency, but the mechanisms are not clearly documented and understood. Therefore, K efficiency of spring wheat, spring barley, and sugar beet was studied under controlled conditions on a K fixing sandy clay loam. The effect of four K concentrations in soil solution ranging from low (5 and 20 μM K) to high (2.65 and 10 mM K) on plant growth and K uptake was investigated at 3 harvest dates (14, 21, and 31 days after sowing). The following parameters were determined: shoot dry matter (DM), K concentration in shoot dry matter, root length (RL), root length/shoot weight ratio (RSR), shoot growth rate/average root length ratio (GR_s/aRL), K influx, and soil solution K concentrations. Wheat proved to have a higher agronomic K efficiency than barley and sugar beet, indicated by a greater relative yield under K‐deficient conditions. As compared to both cereals, sugar beet was characterized by higher K concentrations in the shoot dry matter, only 30—50 % of the root length, 15—30 % of the RSR and a 3 to 6 times higher GR_s/aRL. This means that the shoot of sugar beet had a 3 to 6 times higher K demand per unit root length. Even at low K concentrations in the soil solution, sugar beet had a 7 to 10 times higher K influx than the cereals, indicating that sugar beet was more effective in removing low available soil K. Wheat and barley were characterized by slow shoot growth, low internal K requirement, i.e. high K utilization efficiency, and high RSR, resulting in a low K demand per unit root length. At low soil K concentrations, both cereals increased K influx with age, an indication of adaptation to K deficiency. The mechanism of this adaptation merits closer investigation. Model calculations were performed to estimate the K concentration difference between the bulk soil and the root surface (ΔC_L) needed to drive the measured K influx. For the two cereals, the calculated ΔC_L was smaller than the K concentration in the soil solution, but for sugar beet, ΔC_L was up to seven times higher. This indicates that sugar beet was able to mobilize K in the rhizosphere, but the mechanisms responsible for this mobilization remain to be studied.  相似文献   

Spatial prediction of soil classes using digital terrain analysis and multinomial logistic regression modeling integrated in GIS: Examples from Vestfold County,Norway     

Misganu Debella-Gilo  Bernd Etzelmüller 《CATENA》2009

The main objectives of this study were to model the relationship between WRB-1998 soil groups and terrain attributes and predict the spatial distribution of the soil groups using digital terrain analysis and multinomial logistic regression integrated in GIS in the Vestfold County of south-eastern Norway. A digital elevation model of 25 meter grid resolution was used to derive fifteen terrain attributes. A digitized soil map of thirteen WRB soil groups at the scale of 1:25,000 was used to obtain the reference soil data for model building and validation. First, the relationships between the soil groups and the terrain attributes were modeled using multinomial logistic regression. Then, the probability that a given soil type is present at a given pixel was determined from the logit models in ARCGIS to continuously map each soil group's spatial distribution. Elevation, flow length, duration of daily direct solar radiation, slope, aspect and topographic wetness index were found to be the most significant terrain attributes correlating with the spatial distribution of the soil groups. The prediction showed higher mean probability values for each soil group in the areas actually covered by that soil group compared to other areas, indicating the reliability of the prediction. However, the prediction performed poorly for soil groups that are not greatly influenced by topography but by other factors such as human activities.  相似文献   

Effect of extreme acid and alkali treatment on surface properties of soils     

Grzegorz Jozefaciuk  Christian Hoffmann  Manfred Renger  Bernd Marschner 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2000,163(6):595-601

Effects of natural or anthropogenic soil acidification and alkalization on chemical or biological properties have been studied extensively while little is known about changes in physicochemical characteristics, such as surface area or adsorption energy. To investigate this, samples of six Polish soils (Inceptisols, Mollisols) and three Korean soils (Alfisols, Ultisols) of different origin and mineral composition were acidified and alkalized with elevated concentrations of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide ranging from 0.001 to 1 mol dm^—3. Surface properties of these soils were studied. The surface area and average adsorption energy decreased in general in both treatments. The treatments induced the decrease in amount of high and medium energy centers, however the fraction of low energy centers increased. The behavior of surface properties differed from the above at treatments at highest reagent concentrations, especially for Korean soils, rich in clay and iron oxides. The general pattern of the adsorption energy decrease observed in most of the soils indicates that the overall water binding forces become lower after treatments. In this case the soil water may be more available for plants, despite its amount decreases.  相似文献   

Sorption von polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (PAK) und polychlorierten Biphenylen (PCB) im Boden     

Bernd Marschner 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1999,162(1):1-14

Sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in soil Hydrophobic organic compounds such as PAH and PCB in soils are mainly sorbed to organic matter. There exist several conceptual models about the sorption mechanisms which encompass covalent bonds, hydrophobic interactions and diffusion-controlled partitioning. The partitioning of hydrophobic compounds into the aqueous phase can be enhanced through sorption to dissolved organic matter (DOM). For such 3-phase systems, some model calculations are presented in order to evaluate the mobilizing potential of DOM. Many investigations show that the sorptivity of organic matter is influenced by certain quality parameters such as aromaticity and molecular size. In addition, it can be modified by the chemical environment (pH, salts). But despite the progress made in the last years in the understanding of these relationships there remains a multitude of open questions and further research needs.  相似文献   

Elucidating the attributes of winter wheat grain quality under reduced nitrogen input through near-infrared spectroscopy     

Almut von Wrochem  Azin Rekowski  Denise Ziegler  Bernd Hitzmann  Christian Zörb 《Cereal Chemistry》2024,101(3):480-492

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Extrachromosomal DNA-mediated glyphosate resistance in Italian ryegrass     

Dal-Hoe Koo  Yoonha Ju  Karthik Putta  Rajendran Sathishraj  Nilda Roma-Burgos  Mithila Jugulam  Bernd Friebe  Bikram S. Gill 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4290-4294

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