Stereoisomers of N-allylnormetazocine: phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in squirrel monkeys and rats   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

K T Brady  R L Balster  E L May 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,215(4529):178-180

(+/-)-N-Allylnormetazocine is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomimetic effects. The pure stereoisomers of this compound, as well as the racemic mixture, were compared to phencyclidine for their behavioral effects on squirrel monkeys and rats trained to discriminate phencyclidine from saline. Dose-response determinations were made for responses to phencyclidine, to a racemic mixture of N-allylnormetazocine, and to the pure levo and dextro isomers of N-allylnormetazocine. In both rats and monkeys, the dextro isomer and the racemic mixture produced dose-dependent responses appropriate for phencyclidine; the levo isomer did not produce the responses appropriate for phencyclidine at any of the doses tested. In both species, the levo isomer was more potent than the dextro isomer in decreasing the rate of responding. Thus racemic N-allylnormetazocine is a mixture of compounds that produce different behavioral effects.  相似文献   

Phosphorylation of the autophagy receptor optineurin restricts Salmonella growth     

Wild P  Farhan H  McEwan DG  Wagner S  Rogov VV  Brady NR  Richter B  Korac J  Waidmann O  Choudhary C  Dötsch V  Bumann D  Dikic I 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6039):228-233

Selective autophagy can be mediated via receptor molecules that link specific cargoes to the autophagosomal membranes decorated by ubiquitin-like microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) modifiers. Although several autophagy receptors have been identified, little is known about mechanisms controlling their functions in vivo. In this work, we found that phosphorylation of an autophagy receptor, optineurin, promoted selective autophagy of ubiquitin-coated cytosolic Salmonella enterica. The protein kinase TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) phosphorylated optineurin on serine-177, enhancing LC3 binding affinity and autophagic clearance of cytosolic Salmonella. Conversely, ubiquitin- or LC3-binding optineurin mutants and silencing of optineurin or TBK1 impaired Salmonella autophagy, resulting in increased intracellular bacterial proliferation. We propose that phosphorylation of autophagy receptors might be a general mechanism for regulation of cargo-selective autophagy.  相似文献   

Toward a green revolution for Africa     

Brady NC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,227(4691):1159

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A high-resolution root spatiotemporal map reveals dominant expression patterns     

Brady SM  Orlando DA  Lee JY  Wang JY  Koch J  Dinneny JR  Mace D  Ohler U  Benfey PN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5851):801-806

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Replacement Cost Valuation of Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) Subsistence Harvest in Arctic and Sub-Arctic North America     

Joshua H. Goldstein  Wayne E. Thogmartin  Kenneth J. Bagstad  James A. Dubovsky  Brady J. Mattsson  Darius J. Semmens 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2014,19(4):347-354

Migratory species provide economically beneficial ecosystem services to people throughout their range, yet often, information is lacking about the magnitude and spatial distribution of these benefits at regional scales. We conducted a case study for Northern Pintails (hereafter pintail) in which we quantified regional and sub-regional economic values of subsistence harvest to indigenous communities in Arctic and sub-Arctic North America. As a first step, we used the replacement cost method to quantify the cost of replacing pintail subsistence harvest with the most similar commercially available protein (chicken). For an estimated annual subsistence harvest of ?15,000 pintail, our mean estimate of the total replacement cost was ?$63,000 yr^?1 ($2010 USD), with sub-regional values ranging from $263 yr^?1 to $21,930 yr^?1. Our results provide an order-of-magnitude, conservative estimate of one component of the regional ecosystem-service values of pintails, providing perspective on how spatially explicit values can inform migratory species conservation.  相似文献   

Functional mapping of the human visual cortex by magnetic resonance imaging   总被引：98，自引：0，他引：98  

J W Belliveau  D N Kennedy  R C McKinstry  B R Buchbinder  R M Weisskoff  M S Cohen  J M Vevea  T J Brady  B R Rosen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,254(5032):716-719

Knowledge of regional cerebral hemodynamics has widespread application for both physiological research and clinical assessment because of the well-established interrelation between physiological function, energy metabolism, and localized blood supply. A magnetic resonance technique was developed for quantitative imaging of cerebral hemodynamics, allowing for measurement of regional cerebral blood volume during resting and activated cognitive states. This technique was used to generate the first functional magnetic resonance maps of human task activation, by using a visual stimulus paradigm. During photic stimulation, localized increases in blood volume (32 +/- 10 percent, n = 7 subjects) were detected in the primary visual cortex. Center-of-mass coordinates and linear extents of brain activation within the plane of the calcarine fissure are reported.  相似文献   

Strategies for the Development of Conotoxins as New Therapeutic Leads     

Ryan M. Brady  Jonathan B. Baell  Raymond S. Norton 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2293-2313

Peptide toxins typically bind to their target ion channels or receptors with high potency and selectivity, making them attractive leads for therapeutic development. In some cases the native peptide as it is found in the venom from which it originates can be used directly, but in many instances it is desirable to truncate and/or stabilize the peptide to improve its therapeutic properties. A complementary strategy is to display the key residues that make up the pharmacophore of the peptide toxin on a non-peptidic scaffold, thereby creating a peptidomimetic. This review exemplifies these approaches with peptide toxins from marine organisms, with a particular focus on conotoxins.  相似文献   

Cross‐sectional survey of health management and prevalence of vector‐borne diseases,endoparasites and ectoparasites in Samoan dogs          下载免费PDF全文

RJ Carslake  KE Hill  K Sjölander  SF Hii  D Prattley  E Acke 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(12):462-468

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The effect of microbial-nutrient interaction on the immune system of young chicks after early probiotic and organic acid administration     

Rodríguez-Lecompte JC  Yitbarek A  Brady J  Sharif S  Cavanagh MD  Crow G  Guenter W  House JD  Camelo-Jaimes G 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(7):2246-2254

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Impact of manganese amino acid complex on tissue-specific trace mineral distribution and corpus luteum function in gilts     

Jamie M Studer  Zoe E Kiefer  Brady M Goetz  Aileen F Keating  Lance H Baumgard  Zachary J Rambo  Wesley P Schweer  Mark E Wilson  Christof Rapp  Jason W Ross 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(8)

Functional corpora lutea (CL) are required for pregnancy establishment and gestational maintenance in swine, and CL function is susceptible to environmental influences. Manganese (Mn) could be critical in regulating CL function since it is a component of the antioxidant enzyme Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) as well as enzymes involved in cholesterol and steroid hormone synthesis. We hypothesized that a more bioavailable dietary Mn source would increase Mn content in the CL thereby influencing luteal function during the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Postpubertal gilts (n = 32) were assigned to one of four gestation diets. The control diet (CON) met or exceeded National Research Council (2012) requirements and was formulated to contain 20 parts per million (ppm) of added Mn in the form of Mn sulfate. Three additional diets included 20 (treatment [TRT]1), 40 (TRT2), or 60 (TRT3) ppm of added Mn from a Mn–amino acid complex (Availa-Mn; Zinpro Corporation) instead of Mn sulfate. Dietary treatment began at estrus synchronization onset and continued through 12 days post estrus (dpe) of the ensuing estrous cycle. Blood samples were collected at estrus onset, which was assigned as 0 dpe, as well as 4, 8, and 12 dpe. Gilts were euthanized and tissues were collected at 12 dpe. Serum progesterone (P₄) increased (P < 0.01) from 0 to 12 dpe but was unaffected by dietary treatment (P = 0.15) and there was no effect of the interaction between day and treatment (P = 0.85). Luteal Mn content increased (P ≤ 0.05) by 19%, 21%, and 24% in gilts fed TRT1, TRT2, and TRT3, respectively, compared to CON. Luteal P₄ concentrations decreased (P = 0.03) 25%, 26%, and 32% in gilts fed TRT1, TRT2, and TRT3, respectively, compared to CON. Relative to CON gilts, CL calcium content decreased (P = 0.02) by 36%, 24%, and 34% for TRT1, TRT2, and TRT3 gilts, respectively. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that feeding a more bioavailable Mn source increases Mn accumulation in CL tissue. If and how this influences CL function may be related to altered luteal P₄ concentrations.  相似文献