An evaluation of the lamb vision system as a predictor of lamb carcass red meat yield percentage   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Brady AS  Belk KE  LeValley SB  Dalsted NL  Scanga JA  Tatum JD  Smith GC 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(6):1488-1498

An objective method for predicting red meat yield in lamb carcasses is needed to accurately assess true carcass value. This study was performed to evaluate the ability of the lamb vision system (LVS; Research Management Systems USA, Fort Collins, CO) to predict fabrication yields of lamb carcasses. Lamb carcasses (n = 246) were evaluated using LVS and hot carcass weight (HCW), as well as by USDA expert and on-line graders, before fabrication of carcass sides to either bone-in or boneless cuts. On-line whole number, expert whole-number, and expert nearest-tenth USDA yield grades and LVS + HCW estimates accounted for 53, 52, 58, and 60%, respectively, of the observed variability in boneless, saleable meat yields, and accounted for 56, 57, 62, and 62%, respectively, of the variation in bone-in, saleable meat yields. The LVS + HCW system predicted 77, 65, 70, and 87% of the variation in weights of boneless shoulders, racks, loins, and legs, respectively, and 85, 72, 75, and 86% of the variation in weights of bone-in shoulders, racks, loins, and legs, respectively. Addition of longissimus muscle area (REA), adjusted fat thickness (AFT), or both REA and AFT to LVS + HCW models resulted in improved prediction of boneless saleable meat yields by 5, 3, and 5 percentage points, respectively. Bone-in, saleable meat yield estimations were improved in predictive accuracy by 7.7, 6.6, and 10.1 percentage points, and in precision, when REA alone, AFT alone, or both REA and AFT, respectively, were added to the LVS + HCW output models. Use of LVS + HCW to predict boneless red meat yields of lamb carcasses was more accurate than use of current on-line whole-number, expert whole-number, or expert nearest-tenth USDA yield grades. Thus, LVS + HCW output, when used alone or in combination with AFT and/or REA, improved on-line estimation of boneless cut yields from lamb carcasses. The ability of LVS + HCW to predict yields of wholesale cuts suggests that LVS could be used as an objective means for pricing carcasses in a value-based marketing system.  相似文献   

Sustained release cyclosporine therapy for bilateral keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a red wolf (Canis rufus).     

Anne E Acton  A Brady Beale  Brian C Gilger  Michael K Stoskopf 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(4):562-564

A 12-yr-old intact male red wolf (Canis rufus) diagnosed with bilateral idiopathic dry eye was treated with subconjunctival drug delivery implants designed to release therapeutic levels of cyclosporine from 12-24 mo. Normal tear production and corneal health has been maintained, alleviating the need for daily handling of the animal for topical medication.  相似文献   

Risk behaviors for disease transmission among petting zoo attendees     

McMillian M  Dunn JR  Keen JE  Brady KL  Jones TF 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(7):1036-1038

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk behaviors for transmission of zoonotic diseases at petting zoos during a period without a recognized disease outbreak. DESIGN: Observational survey with environmental microbiologic sampling. SAMPLE POPULATION: 6 petting zoos in Tennessee. PROCEDURES: Attendees were observed for animal and environmental contact, eating or drinking, hand-to-face contact, and use of a hand sanitizer. Hands were examined via bacteriologic culture on some attendees. Environmental samples were collected at three petting zoos. RESULTS: 991 attendees were observed; of these, 74% had direct contact with animals, 87% had contact with potentially contaminated surfaces in animal contact areas, 49% had hand-to-face contact, and 22% ate or drank in animal contact areas. Thirty-eight percent used hand sanitizer; children had better compliance than adults. Results of bacteriologic cultures of hands were negative for Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli O157; Salmonella spp were isolated from 63% and E coli O157 from 6% of the environmental samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: High risk behaviors were common among petting zoo visitors, and disease prevention guidelines were inconsistently followed. This is an example of the importance of one-medicine, one-health initiatives in protecting the public health. Veterinarians, venue operators, and public health authorities must work together on targeted education to improve implementation of existing disease prevention guidelines.  相似文献   

Influence of urine pH on accurate urinary protein determination in Sprague-Dawley rats     

Reagan WJ  VanderLind B  Shearer A  Botts S 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2007,36(1):73-78

BACKGROUND: Rat urinary protein concentration is commonly measured during safety assessment studies to evaluate potential drug-induced nephrotoxicity. It has been reported that impregnated reagent test strips (dipsticks) can yield false-positive urinary protein results for alkaline urine samples. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if urinary dipsticks accurately assess protein concentrations, especially in alkaline rat urine. METHODS: Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 2% sodium bicarbonate and 2% ammonium chloride to alkalinize and acidify the urine, respectively. Urine pH was measured in treated and control rats using a pH meter and urinary dipsticks with the Clinitek 500. Quantitative urinary protein results were compared to urinary dipstick protein evaluations obtained with the Clinitek 500 and sulfosalicylic acid precipitation test methods. RESULTS: The urinary dipstick pH measurement had a very high correlation (r = .98) with the pH meter technique. Samples with alkaline pH (>or=7.5) analyzed for protein by dipstick analysis were in complete agreement 34.7% of the time with the quantitative technique, which was very similar to the 39.3% agreement for samples with neutral and acidic pH (相似文献   

Experimental test of oyster restoration within eelgrass          下载免费PDF全文

Stephanie R. Valdez  Betsy Peabody  Brian Allen  Brady Blake  Jennifer L. Ruesink 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(3):578-587

Amniotic and allantoic fluids from experimentally infected sheep contain immunoglobulin specific for Chlamydophila abortus     

Marques PX  O'Donovan J  Souda P  Gutierrez J  Williams EJ  Worrall S  McElroy M  Proctor A  Brady C  Sammin D  Basset H  Whitelegge JP  Markey BK  Nally JE 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,140(1-2):1-9

Chlamydophila abortus, the aetiological agent of enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE), replicates in trophoblast cells leading to their destruction and dissemination of the bacterium to foetal organs. To further understand the pathogenesis of EAE, amniotic and allantoic fluids were collected from experimentally infected pregnant ewes at 30 (7 samples from each fluid), 35 (8 samples from each fluid), 40 (10 samples from each fluid) and 43 (6 amniotic fluids and 7 allantoic fluids) days post-infection to determine pathogen numbers and other markers of infection. Whilst experimentally infected ewes had characteristic placental lesions, only two amniotic and seven allantoic fluid samples were positive for C. abortus by real-time PCR. In contrast, all amniotic and allantoic fluids were positive for immunoglobulin. Immunoglobulins were generally detected earlier in allantoic fluid than in amniotic fluid and the numbers of samples containing immunoglobulins increased as infection progressed. IgG in amniotic and allantoic fluids was shown to be specific for C. abortus, and reacted with the major outer membrane proteins, polymorphic outer membrane protein and macrophage infectivity potentiator protein. A comparison of two-dimensional immunoblots using purified IgG from the allantoic fluid, amniotic fluid, ewe serum and foetal serum of a C. abortus infected animal at 40 days post infection indicated a pattern of reactivity intermediate between that of the ewe serum and the foetal serum. Results suggest that a maternal source of immunoglobulin is predominant at 30 days post-infection but that foetal derived antibodies may be contributed at a later stage.  相似文献   

Monitoring clinical outcomes,pathological changes and shedding of Chlamydophila abortus following experimental challenge of periparturient ewes utilizing the natural route of infection     

Jorge Gutierrez  Erin J. Williams  James O’Donovan  Colm Brady  Aisling F. Proctor  Patricia X. Marques  Sheila Worrall  Jarlath E. Nally  M. McElroy  Hugh F. Bassett  Donal J. Sammin  Bryan K. Markey 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,147(1-2):119-126

Enzootic abortion of ewes (EAE) caused by Chlamydophila abortus is an important disease resulting in significant lamb loss in most sheep producing countries. Ewes are considered to be naturally infected with C. abortus via the oral–nasal route and may become persistent carriers, shedding during subsequent oestrous cycles and at lambing. The aim of this study was to monitor the clinical outcomes, pathological changes and shedding of C. abortus in 18 periparturient orally infected sheep for two breeding seasons. In the first season, C. abortus was detected by real-time PCR (rt-PCR) in 13/18 conjunctival swabs at oestrus. Three out of the 15 pregnant ewes gave birth to 1 live and 1 dead lamb, and 2 of them aborted. Following parturition/abortion, C. abortus was detected in 12/15 vaginal swabs and in all the collected foetal membranes. However, only those membranes containing high copy numbers of the bacterium displayed the EAE typical lesions. In the second season, none of the 13 pregnant ewes aborted, and 5 of them gave birth to dead or weak lambs. C. abortus was not detected in conjunctival or vaginal swabs at oestrus or parturition. The bacterium was detected at low levels in 36% of the foetal membranes, but with no evidence of histopathological lesions. These results indicate that C. abortus can be detected in a large proportion of animals during the first pregnancy after oral infection. However, this proportion is reduced at the subsequent breeding season, confirming the occurrence of a chronic low level persistent infection in post-abortion/lambing ewes.  相似文献   

Identification of resistance to new virulent races of rust in sunflowers and validation of DNA markers in the gene pool     

Qi L  Gulya T  Seiler GJ  Hulke BS  Vick BA 《Phytopathology》2011,101(2):241-249

Sunflower rust, caused by Puccinia helianthi, is a prevalent disease in many countries throughout the world. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Sunflower Research Unit has released rust resistant breeding materials for several decades. However, constantly coevolving rust populations have formed new virulent races to which current hybrids have little resistance. The objectives of this study were to identify resistance to race 336, the predominant race in North America, and to race 777, the most virulent race currently known, and to validate molecular markers known to be linked to rust resistance genes in the sunflower gene pool. A total of 104 entries, including 66 released USDA inbred lines, 14 USDA interspecific germplasm lines, and 24 foreign germplasms, all developed specifically for rust resistance, were tested for their reaction to races 336 and 777. Only 13 of the 104 entries tested were resistant to both races, whereas another six were resistant only to race 336. The interspecific germplasm line, Rf ANN-1742, was resistant to both races and was identified as a new rust resistance source. A selection of 24 lines including 19 lines resistant to races 777 and/or 336 was screened with DNA markers linked to rust resistance genes R(1), R(2), R(4u), and R(5). The results indicated that the existing resistant lines are diverse in rust resistance genes. Durable genetic resistance through gene pyramiding will be effective for the control of rust.  相似文献   

Instrumental conditioning of large-magnitude, daily, 12-hour blood pressure elevations in the baboon   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A H Harris  W J Gilliam  J D Findley  J V Brady 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1973,182(108):175-177

Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored continuously in four baboons during extended exposure to a daily 12-hour conditioning procedure providing food and shock-avoidance as contingent consequences of prespecified increases in diastolic blood pressure. Sustained and significant increases (30 to 40 mm-Hg) in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were maintained throughout the daily 12-hour conditioning sessions, accompanied by elevated heart rates.  相似文献   

Fabry's disease: antenatal detection   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

R O Brady  B W Uhlendorf  C B Jacobson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,172(979):174-175

A procedure is described for the intrauterine detection, at the 17th week of gestation, of a male fetus afflicted with Fabry's disease. The validity of this determination was substantiated by multiple enzyme and lipid analyses of tissue specimens obtained from the afflicted fetus. Fabry's disease may now be included with other X-linked metabolic deficiency diseases that are amenable to precise genetic counseling, through carrier identification, and the monitoring of ensuing pregnancies.  相似文献