Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity in serum,follicular fluid and seminal plasma of sheep          下载免费PDF全文

J Pradieé  FT de Campos  JAA Rincon  L Collares  K Goularte  PAS Silveira  LMC Pegoraro  A Schneider 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(6):1142-1144

This work aimed to describe the activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in serum, follicular fluid and seminal plasma of sheep. Average serum PON1 activity was 286.8 ± 96.2 U/ml in females and 237.6 ± 18.9 U/ml in males. There was a positive correlation between PON1 activity in serum and follicular fluid in females, being twice higher in serum than in follicular fluid (148.8 ± 15.7 U/ml). PON1 activity in males’ serum was 10‐fold higher than in seminal plasma (21.18 ± 14.2 U/ml), and there was no correlation between PON1 activity in both compartments. Finally, this work suggests that PON1 activity of in sheep is higher compared to other mammalian species, and there is an association between PON1 in serum and follicular fluid only.  相似文献   

Cellular and extracellular vesicular origins of miRNAs within the bovine ovarian follicle          下载免费PDF全文

GM Andrade  FV Meirelles  JC da Silveira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(6):1036-1045

The ovarian follicle components must provide an ideal environment to ensure the success of reproductive processes, and communication between follicular cells is crucial to support proper oocyte growth. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the presence of extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying microRNAs (miRNAs) in follicular fluid represents an important autocrine and paracrine communication mechanism inside the ovarian follicle. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the miRNA content of EVs isolated from ovarian follicular (granulosa and cumulus–oocyte complexes) cell‐conditioned culture media is dependent upon cell type. We initially screened bovine granulosa cells (GCs) and cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs), as well as their derived EVs for 348 miRNAs using real‐time PCR, and detected 326 miRNAs in GCs and COCs cells and 62 miRNAs in GCs and COCs EVs. A bioinformatics analysis of the identified cell‐specific and differentially expressed miRNAs predicted that they likely modulate important cellular processes, including signalling pathways such as the PI3K‐Akt, MAPK and Wnt pathways. By investigating the origins of miRNAs within the follicular fluid, the results of this study provide novel insights into follicular miRNA content and intercellular communication that may be of invaluable use in the context of reproductive technologies, diagnostic of ovarian‐related diseases and/or the identification of biomarkers for oocyte and embryo quality.  相似文献   

Climate,female traits and population features as drivers of breeding timing in Mediterranean red deer populations          下载免费PDF全文

Marta PELÁEZ  Alfonso SAN MIGUEL  Carlos RODRÍGUEZ‐VIGAL  Ramón PEREA 《Integrative zoology》2017,12(5):396-408

Understanding the factors that lead to variation in the timing of breeding in widespread species such as red deer (Cervus elaphus) is crucial to predict possible responses of wild populations to different climate scenarios. Here, we sought to further understand the causes of inter‐annual variation in the reproduction timing of female deer in Mediterranean environments. An integrative approach was used to identify the relative importance of individual, population and climate traits in the date of conception of free‐ranging deer, based on a dataset of 829 hinds culled during 12 years. We found that a population trait, density, was the most important factor explaining the variation in conception dates, with greater densities causing later conception dates. Body mass was the second in importance, with heavier females conceiving earlier than lighter ones. Almost equally important was the spring real bioclimatic index, a measure of plant productivity, causing later conception dates in the least productive springs (drier and hotter). Another climatic component, the end of summer drought, showed that the sooner the autumn arrives (greater rainfalls and cooler temperatures) the earlier the conception dates. Interestingly, age class was found to be a minor factor in determining conception date. Only older females (≥10 years old) conceived significantly later, suggesting reproductive senescence. This study highlights not only the importance of population and individual traits but also the influence of climatic parameters on the deer reproductive cycle in Mediterranean environments, giving valuable insight into how reproductive phenology may respond to seasonality and global climate changes.  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Psidium guajava</Emphasis> x <Emphasis Type="Italic">P. guineense</Emphasis> hybrid     

Soniane Rodrigues da Costa  Carlos Antonio Fernandes Santos  Jose Mauro da Cunha e Castro 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(2):405-411

Inheritance of the resistance to nematodes has been studied on many different crops, however to our knowledge, no data are available for guava species. The basic genetic resistance parameters to Meloidogyne enterolobii are estimated in the current research in order to guide the development of genotypes resistant to the pathogen. The parental plants, F1 and F2 from a Psidium guajava x P. guineense cross were assessed for the presence or absence of galls and for the number of eggs and juveniles in the root system at the 120th and 240th days after inoculation with 10,000 eggs and juveniles of the nematode. At the age of nine years, the P. guineense plant remained without nematode attack symptoms, whereas the maternal plant was destroyed by the pathogen. The F1 generation showed 270 plants with reproduction factor (RF) <0.322, and there were tiny galls in only 16 plants. The segregation for the presence or absence of galls in the root system in generation F2 was 9:7, wherein the χ² values were 0.78 and 2.66, respectively, at the 120th and 240th days after inoculation, whereas the segregation for RF was 15:1, wherein the χ² values were 2.76 and 1.18, respectively, at the 120th and 240th days. These results indicate epistatic interaction between two genes: in RF < 1 only one allele sets the resistance to the pathogen. The broad sense heritability of RF, estimated to the two assessments was 0.97, and it also indicates a simple inheritance of resistance to M. enterolobii.  相似文献   

Type and quantity of organic amendments determine the amount of carbon stabilized in particle-size fractions of a semiarid degraded soil     

César Nicolás  Teresa Hernández  Carlos García 《Arid Land Research and Management》2017,31(1):14-28

A 9-month lab experiment was carried out with three different amendments (vine pruning wastes, PW; composted vine pruning wastes, cPW; and sewage sludge, SS) added at three different rates (90, 180, and 240 t ha^?1, dry weight) in order to test whether the type or the quantity of the amendments applied to a semiarid, degraded soil determined the C_org accumulation in its particle-size fractions (coarse sand, 200–2,000 µm; fine sand, 63–200 µm; silt, 2–63 µm; and clay, 0.1–2 µm). All amendments, independently of their C/N ratios, resulted in similar C_org content and accumulation in coarse sand and silt-sized fractions after 9 months. In the clay-sized fraction, enrichment in C_org produced the incorporation of particles from this particle-size fraction into the silt-sized fraction. Likewise, increasing the application rates of the amendments led to larger C_org contents into the particle-size fractions of all amended soils except for the clay-sized fraction. The application of SS resulted in lower basal respiration-to-C_org ratios in the clay-sized fraction than the application of PW and cPW, suggesting a higher protection of the C_org in the SS treatment. These results indicate that organic amendments from woody plants with C/N ratios higher than 30, such as PW, favor C_org accumulation in the fine sand-sized fractions. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the application rate of such amendments, rather than the C/N ratios and amendment origin (from sludge or woody plants), is the key factor for promoting C_org accumulation in the silt-sized fractions of semiarid degraded soils.  相似文献   

Feasible sampling plan for Bemisia tabaci control decision‐making in watermelon fields          下载免费PDF全文

Carlos HO Lima  Renato A Sarmento  Poliana S Pereira  Tarcísio VS Galdino  Fábio A Santos  Joedna Silva  Marcelo C Picanço 《Pest management science》2017,73(11):2345-2352

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Meteorological drought features in northern and northwestern parts of Mexico under different climate change scenarios   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ESCALANTE-SANDOVAL Carlos 《干旱区科学》2017,9(1):65-75

Meteorological drought has been an inevitable natural disaster throughout Mexican history and the northern and northwestern parts of Mexico(i.e., the studied area), where the mean annual precipitation(MAP) is less than 500 mm, have suffered even more from droughts in the past. The aim of this study was to conduct a meteorological drought analysis of the available MAP data(1950–2013) from 649 meteorological stations selected from the studied area and to predict the drought features under the different IPCC-prescribed climate change scenarios. To determine the long-term drought features, we collected 1×10~4 synthetic samples using the periodic autoregressive moving average(PARMA) model for each rainfall series. The simulations first consider the present prevailing precipitation conditions(i.e., the average from 1950 to 2013) and then the precipitation anomalies under IPCC-prescribed RCP 4.5 scenario and RCP 8.5 scenario. The results indicated that the climate changes under the prescribed scenarios would significantly increase the duration and intensity of droughts. The most severe impacts may occur in the central plateau and in the Baja California Peninsula. Thus, it will be necessary to establish adequate protective measures for the sustainable management of water resources in these regions.  相似文献   

Treated Industrial Wastewater Effects on Chemical Constitution Maize Biomass,Physicochemical Soil Properties,and Economic Balance     

Filipe Selau Carlos  Naihana Schaffer  Robson Andreazza  Lawrence A Morris  Marino José Tedesco  Cácio Luiz Boechat 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(3):319-333

Irrigation with treated wastewaters can improve nutrient levels and yield of crops planted on degraded soils. This study evaluated how irrigation with treated industrial wastewater affected biomass production and nutrition of maize plants and physio-chemical properties of a degraded soil. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using PVC columns. Treatments consisted of 8 treatments irrigated with clean water and increasing doses of N and P, and 8 treatments with 4 proportions of wastewater irrigation (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% v/v). In general, maize biomass did not differ between irrigation water sources. Differences were largely associated with N nutrition. We observed increases in concentrations of N, P, K, S, Mn, Na, Cu, and Zn in tissue of maize under irrigation with wastewater. The addition of treated wastewater increased the P and Na concentrations, and EC values in the soil without affecting clay dispersion in water. An associated economic analysis indicated that wastewater irrigation would not be economically feasible without including environmental benefits. In southern Brazil, the proportion of irrigation water that is wastewater should not exceed 50%.  相似文献   

Structure-function relationship of vermicompost humic fractions for use in agriculture     

Andrés Calderín García  Orlando Carlos Huertas Tavares  Dariellys Martínez Balmori  Vitor dos Santos Almeida  Luciano Pasqualoto Canellas  José María García-Mina  Ricardo Luis Louro Berbara 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(4):1365-1375

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Starch Digestibility and Functional Properties of Rice Starch Subjected to Gamma Radiation     

Luís Fernando POLESI  Silene Bruder Silveira SARMENTO  Solange Guidolin CANNIATTI-BRAZACA 《水稻科学》2018,25(1):42-51

This study investigated the effect of gamma radiation on the digestibility and functional properties of rice starch. Rice cultivars IRGA417 and IAC202 were used for isolation of starch by the alkaline method. Starch samples were irradiated with 1, 2 and 5 kGy doses of ⁶⁰Co at a rate of 0.4 kGy/h. A control sample, which was not irradiated, was used for comparison. Irradiated and control starches were characterized by in vitro starch digestibility, total dietary fiber, color, water absorption index, water solubility index, syneresis, swelling factor, amylose leaching, pasting properties and gel firmness. Irradiations changed starch digestibility differently in either cultivar. Increasing radiation doses promoted increase in the color parameter b* (yellow), elevation in the capacity to absorb water, and solubility in water as well as the amylose leached from granules for both cultivars. Pasting properties showed a decrease that was proportional to the dose applied, caused by the depolymerization of starch molecules. Gel firmness of the starch from IAC202 was inversely proportional to the radiation dose applied, whereas for IRGA417, there was a reduction at 5 kGy dose. Rice starches can be modified by irradiation to exhibit different functional characteristics and they can be used by the food industries in products such as soups, desserts, flans, puddings and others.  相似文献