Risk Factors and Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Findings for Meniscal Disease in Dogs With Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease     

Dayle E. Dillon DVM  Wanda J. Gordon‐Evans DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Kim M. Knap CVT  CCRP  Carrie L. Bubb  Richard B. Evans PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(4):446-450

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Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis due to Neospora hughesi and equine motor neuron disease in a mule     

Carrie J. Finno  Joshua Seth Eaton  Monica Aleman  Steven R. Hollingsworth 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2010,13(4):259-265

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Growing food,growing a movement: climate adaptation and civic agriculture in the southeastern United States     

Carrie Furman  Carla Roncoli  Donald R. Nelson  Gerrit Hoogenboom 《Agriculture and Human Values》2014,31(1):69-82

This article examines the role that civic agriculture in Georgia (US) plays in shaping attitudes, strategies, and relationships that foster both sustainability and adaptation to a changing climate. Civic agriculture is a social movement that attracts a specific type of “activist” farmer, who is linked to a strong social network that includes other farmers and consumers. Positioning farmers’ practices within a social movement broadens the understanding of adaptive capacity beyond how farmers adapt to understand why they do so. By drawing upon qualitative and quantitative data and by focusing on the cosmological, organizational, and technical dimensions of the social movement, the study illuminates how social values and networks shape production and marketing strategies that enable farmers to share resources and risks. We propose a conceptual framework for understanding how technical and social strategies aimed to address the sustainability goals of the movement also increase adaptive capacity at multiple timescales. In conclusion, we outline directions for future research, including the need for longitudinal studies that focus on consumer motivation and willingness to pay, the effects of scale on consumer loyalty and producer cooperation, and the role of a social movement in climate change adaptation. Finally, we stress that farmers’ ability to thrive in uncertain climate futures calls for transformative approaches to sustainable agriculture that support the development of strong social networks.  相似文献   

Toggenburg Orbivirus, a new bluetongue virus: Initial detection, first observations in field and experimental infection of goats and sheep     

Valrie Chaignat  Gabriella Worwa  Nicole Scherrer  Monika Hilbe  Felix Ehrensperger  Carrie Batten  Mandy Cortyen  Martin Hofmann  Barbara Thuer 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,138(1-2):11-19

A novel bluetongue virus termed “Toggenburg Orbivirus” (TOV) was detected in two Swiss goat flocks. This orbivirus was characterized by sequencing of 7 of its 10 viral genome segments. The sequencing data revealed that this virus is likely to represent a new serotype of bluetongue virus [Hofmann, M.A., Renzullo, S., Mader, M., Chaignat, V., Worwa, G., Thuer, B., 2008b. Genetic characterization of Toggenburg Orbivirus (TOV) as a tentative 25th serotype of bluetongue virus, detected in goats from Switzerland. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 14, 1855–1861].In the field, no clinical signs were observed in TOV-infected adult goats; however, several stillborn and weak born kids were reported. Although born during a period of extremely low vector activity, one of these kids was found to be antibody and viral genome positive and died 3.5 weeks postpartum.Experimental infection of goats and sheep, using TOV-positive field blood samples, was performed to assess the pathogenicity of this virus.Goats did not show any clinical or pathological signs, whereas in sheep mild bluetongue-like clinical signs were observed. Necropsy of sheep demonstrated bluetongue-typical hemorrhages in the wall of the pulmonary artery. Viral RNA was detected in organs, e.g. spleen, palatine tonsils, lung and several lymph nodes of three experimentally infected animals.Unlike other bluetongue virus serotypes, it was not possible to propagate the virus, either from naturally or experimentally infected animals in any of the tested mammalian or insect cell lines or in embryonated chicken eggs.In small ruminants, TOV leads to mild bluetongue-like symptoms. Further investigations about prevalence of this virus are needed to increase the knowledge on its epidemiology.  相似文献   

Role of noradrenergic signaling by the nucleus tractus solitarius in mediating opiate reward     

Olson VG  Heusner CL  Bland RJ  During MJ  Weinshenker D  Palmiter RD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5763):1017-1020

Norepinephrine (NE) is widely implicated in opiate withdrawal, but much less is known about its role in opiate-induced locomotion and reward. In mice lacking dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), an enzyme critical for NE synthesis, we found that NE was necessary for morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP; a measure of reward) and locomotion. These deficits were rescued by systemic NE restoration. Viral restoration of DBH expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius, but not in the locus coeruleus, restored CPP for morphine. Morphine-induced locomotion was partially restored by DBH expression in either brain region. These data suggest that NE signaling by the nucleus tractus solitarius is necessary for morphine reward.  相似文献   

Did land protection in Silicon Valley reduce the housing stock?     

Carrie A. Denning  Robert I. Mcdonald 《Biological conservation》2010,143(5):1087-1093

One widely asserted proposition is that land protection in a metropolitan region can contribute to a scarcity of housing by reducing the total housing stock. However, much land protection occurs on land that is less suitable for development, as slopes are too sleep or because the site is too wet. An alternate hypothesis is that development in lands with these characteristics would likely occur at a lower density, and contribute little to housing stock. This study examines these two competing hypotheses for the southern portion of the San Francisco Bay Area, known as the Silicon Valley. We mapped conservation and urban development in the study area from World War II to the present. We created a counterfactual map, using a regression-based model to examine a “what if” proposition - what would the density of development have been in currently preserved lands if they had been developed like other topographically-similar unprotected sites on the landscape? In our study area, there are currently 790 000 housing units. If conserved lands, which total 47 000 ha, were developed there would likely only be an additional 51 000 housing units. Most conserved land is either too wet to be developed or is of steep enough slope that housing density would likely be low. Our results suggest that land protection had a relatively minor role in limiting the total housing stock of the region.  相似文献   

Commercial genetic testing for type 2 polysaccharide storage myopathy and myofibrillar myopathy does not correspond to a histopathological diagnosis     

Stephanie J. Valberg  Carrie J. Finno  Marisa L. Henry  Melissa Schott  Deborah Velez-Irizarry  Sichong Peng  Erica C. McKenzie  Jessica L. Petersen 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(4):690-700

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A Comparison of Doxorubicin and COP for Maintenance of Remission in Cats With Lymphoma   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Antony S. Moore BVSc  MVSc    Susan M. Cotter  Angela E. Frimberger  Carrie A. Wood  William M. Rand  Deborah A. L'Heureux 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1996,10(6):372-375

Thirty-eight cats with lymphoma were treated with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone (COP). They were randomized at entry to receive maintenance chemotherapy consisting of either single-agent doxorubicin or continued COP therapy, starting on week 4 of treatment and continuing for 6 months or until relapse. Eighteen cats achieved complete clinical remission after COP induction chemotherapy. The median remission duration for 11 cats continuing to receive COP was 83 days, which was significantly shorter than for 7 cats that received doxorubicin (281 days). Thus, doxorubicin should be considered a well-tolerated and efficacious agent for the maintenance of remission in cats with lymphoma.  相似文献   

Risk factors associated with progressive increases in serum creatinine concentrations in cats with cancer receiving doxorubicin     

Lucy Kopecny  Carrie A. Palm  Katherine A. Skorupski  Mikel Delgado  Robert B. Rebhun 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):2048-2055

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The pace of shifting climate in marine and terrestrial ecosystems   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Burrows MT  Schoeman DS  Buckley LB  Moore P  Poloczanska ES  Brander KM  Brown C  Bruno JF  Duarte CM  Halpern BS  Holding J  Kappel CV  Kiessling W  O'Connor MI  Pandolfi JM  Parmesan C  Schwing FB  Sydeman WJ  Richardson AJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6056):652-655

Climate change challenges organisms to adapt or move to track changes in environments in space and time. We used two measures of thermal shifts from analyses of global temperatures over the past 50 years to describe the pace of climate change that species should track: the velocity of climate change (geographic shifts of isotherms over time) and the shift in seasonal timing of temperatures. Both measures are higher in the ocean than on land at some latitudes, despite slower ocean warming. These indices give a complex mosaic of predicted range shifts and phenology changes that deviate from simple poleward migration and earlier springs or later falls. They also emphasize potential conservation concerns, because areas of high marine biodiversity often have greater velocities of climate change and seasonal shifts.  相似文献