Advances in Laminitis research at the Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit     

Christopher PollittMelody De Laat  Andrew van EpsGregory Baldwin  Claire UnderwoodCarlos Medina-Torres  Simon Collins 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2011,31(10):569-571

  相似文献   

Estimation of transmission parameters of a fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strain between pigs in experimental conditions     

Andraud M  Rose N  Laurentie M  Sanders P  Le Roux A  Cariolet R  Chauvin C  Jouy E 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):44

Antimicrobial resistance is of primary importance regarding public and animal health issues. Persistence and spread of resistant strains within a population contribute to the maintenance of a reservoir and lead to treatment failure. An experimental trial was carried out to study the horizontal transmission of a fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strain from inoculated to naïve pigs. All naïve contact pigs had positive counts of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli after only two days of contact. Moreover, re-infections of inoculated pigs caused by newly contaminated animals were suspected. A maximum likelihood method, based on a susceptible-infectious-susceptible (SIS) model, was used to determine the transmission parameters. Two transmission levels were identified depending on the quantity of bacteria shed by infected individuals: (i) low-shedders with bacterial counts of resistant E. coli in the faeces between 5*10³ and 10⁶ CFU/g (β_L = 0.41 [0.27; 0.62]), (ii) high shedders with bacterial counts above 10⁶ CFU/g (β_H = 0.98 [0.59; 1.62]). Hence, transmission between animals could be pivotal in explaining the persistence of resistant bacteria within pig herds.  相似文献   

Influence of cultivar, harvest time, storage conditions, and peeling on the antioxidant capacity and phenolic and ascorbic acid contents of apples and pears     

Kevers C  Pincemail J  Tabart J  Defraigne JO  Dommes J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(11):6165-6171

Apple and pear fruits are important sources of secondary plant metabolites and one of the major sources of dietary phenolics consumed all year round. The aim of this work was to identify the main variables influencing phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in apples. Higher phenolic and antioxidant contents were observed in some varieties (such as the Delbar Estival apple and Durondeau pear). Storage conditions were important. Our results also showed that fruits should be consumed rapidly after purchase and with their peel. After one week of domestic storage, the ascorbic acid content was found to decrease by 75%. Peeling led to a more than 25% decrease in total phenolics and ascorbic acid. The harvest time (at normal ripeness) had only a limited impact, but significant year-to-year variations were observed. In conclusion, well-chosen and well-stored apples and pears may contribute to an antioxidant-rich diet if consumed rapidly and with their peel.  相似文献   

Clinical and immunologic assessment of sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in cats     

Declue AE  Delgado C  Chang CH  Sharp CR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(7):890-897

  相似文献   

PropoClear 10 mg/ml emulsion for injection for cats and dogs     

Hill RJ  Williams C 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(7):194

  相似文献   

Proportion of circulating chicken heterophils and CXCLi2 expression in response to Salmonella enteritidis are affected by genetic line and immune modulating diet     

Redmond SB  Chuammitri P  Andreasen CB  Palić D  Lamont SJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,140(3-4):323-328

Genetic line and diet affect chicken heterophil activity and gene expression, and the combination of these factors can enhance disease resistance. This study evaluated the effects of immune modulating diets on heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio and heterophil chemokine expression in distinct genetic lines. Fayoumi and Leghorn chickens were fed a basal diet or immune modulating diets enhanced with β-glucans, ascorbic acid, or corticosterone. H/L ratios and heterophil gene expression in response to in vitro stimulation with Salmonella enteritidis (SE) were evaluated on days 1, 3, 7, and 21 of diet treatment. The stress-mimicking corticosterone diet influenced H/L ratio in the Leghorn line, but not the Fayoumi line, suggesting resistance to stress-induced immunosuppression in the Fayoumi line. Leghorn line H/L ratios were increased on days 1 and 3 of corticosterone diet treatment, but not days 7 or 21. Expression of CXCLi2 by SE stimulated heterophils was higher in the Leghorn line, suggesting that Leghorns rely more heavily on inflammatory response than do Fayoumis. Corticosterone diet was associated with reduced CXCLi2 expression in heterophils from both lines. Dietary β-glucan or ascorbic acid did not affect H/L ratio or CXCLi2 expression, suggesting that benefits of these immunomodulators may not be evident in healthy birds.  相似文献   

Soil carbon mineralisation responses to alterations of microbial diversity and soil structure   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sabrina Juarez  Naoise Nunan  Anne-Claire Duday  Valérie Pouteau  Claire Chenu 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2013,49(7):939-948

Soil organisms are of fundamental importance for many soil functions, such as organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling and energy flow. Most research suggests that soil microbial communities are functionally redundant, meaning that there is little relationship between microbial diversity and soil functions. However, the activity of biological communities is known to be affected by their physical environment. Here, the effects of changes in microbial diversity and soil structure on organic C (OC) mineralisation were investigated. Sterile soil samples that had been subjected to different physical perturbations were inoculated with microbial communities with different levels of diversity. The samples were incubated for a period of 127 days and the mineralisation of native and added (¹³C-labelled substrates, fructose and vanillin) OC was measured. It was hypothesised that the magnitude of the effect of changes in soil structure on OC mineralisation would increase as diversity decreased. The diversity treatment had a small but significant effect on the mineralisation of SOC and of the added substrates. The soil structure treatment had a significant effect only on the mineralisation of the added substrate C. There was no interaction between diversity and soil structure treatments, indicating that the relationship between diversity and OC decomposition was not dependent on the soil physical environment.  相似文献   

Mixing of propagules from discrete sources at long distance: comparing a dispersal tail to an exponential     

Etienne K Klein  Claire Lavigne  Pierre-Henri Gouyon 《BMC ecology》2006,6(1):3-12

Background  

Rare long distance dispersal events impact the demography and the genetic structure of populations. When dispersal is modelled via a dispersal kernel, one possible characterisation of long-distance dispersal is given by the shape of the tail of the kernel, i.e. its type of decay. This characteristic is known to directly act on the speed and pattern of colonization, and on the spatial structure of genetic diversity during colonization. In particular, colonization waves behave differently depending on whether the kernel decreases faster or slower than an exponential (i.e. is thin-tailed vs. fat-tailed). To interpret and extend published results on the impact of long-distance dispersal on the genetic structure of populations, we examine a classification of dispersal kernels based on the shape of their tails and formally demonstrate qualitative differences among them that can influence the predicted diversity of a propagule pool sampled far from two distinct sources.  相似文献   

Floridoside Extracted from the Red Alga Mastocarpus stellatus Is a Potent Activator of the Classical Complement Pathway          下载免费PDF全文

Anthony Courtois  Christelle Simon-Colin  Claire Boisset  Christian Berthou  Eric Deslandes  Jean Guézennec  Anne Bordron 《Marine drugs》2008,6(3):407-417

Many biological properties of algae have been found to have useful applications in human health, particularly in the fields of oncology and immunology. Floridoside, extracted from the red alga Mastocarpus stellatus, has a structure similar to the xenoantigen Gal alpha 1–3 Gal. This xenoantigen has been described to induce a high immune response in human xenografts and is mediated by natural anti-gal antibodies that activate the classical complement pathway. Based on this property, we analyzed the potential activities of floridoside on the immune system. We demonstrated that floridoside activates a complement cascade via the classical complement pathway, through the recruitment and activation of natural IgM. This algal molecule could represent an important step in the development of a potent new anticomplementary agent for use in therapeutic complement depletion.  相似文献   

Samoan children's sense of place: Experiential landscapes in an urban village     

Christina R. Ergler  Claire Freeman  Anita Latai 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2020,61(2):391-398

Pacific Island communities are experiencing significant societal changes as a result of rural urban, inter‐island migration and migration to New Zealand. These relocations have significant implications for children's relationship to place. However, virtually nothing is known about children's sense of place in Samoa or places and activities that are important to them. This exploratory study worked with eight children aged 5–12 years growing up in an urban village in Samoa drawing on ‘Talanoa’ as research methodology and method by employing photo‐elicitation. The study provides a first snapshot of Samoan children's sense of place growing up in an urban village.  相似文献