Surgical and nonsurgical management of and selected risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs: 64 cases (1986-1999)     

Puerto DA  Brockman DJ  Lindquist C  Drobatz K 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(11):1670-1674

OBJECTIVE: To compare results of surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 64 dogs with pneumothorax without any history of antecedent trauma. PROCEDURE: Information on signalment, thoracic radiographic findings, treatment, histologic findings, and outcome was obtained from the medical records. Signalment of affected dogs was compared with signalment of a control population of 260 dogs examined by the emergency service for reasons other than pneumothorax during the study period. RESULTS: Siberian Huskies were overrepresented in the case population, compared with the control population of dogs examined by the emergency service for other reasons. Twenty-eight dogs were treated without surgery (ie, thoracocentesis or tube thoracostomy with or without cage rest), and 36 were treated with surgery. Information regarding final outcome was available for 33 dogs treated with surgery (median follow-up time, 485 days) and 15 dogs treated without surgery (median follow-up time, 366 days). Dogs that underwent surgery had significantly lower recurrence (1/30) and mortality (4/33) rates, compared with dogs treated without surgery (6/12 and 8/15, respectively). A definitive diagnosis was obtained for 38 dogs, including 34 of 36 dogs undergoing surgery; 26 had bullous emphysema and 4 had neoplasia. Two dogs developed spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to migration of plant foreign bodies. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that recurrence and mortality rates for dogs with spontaneous pneumothorax managed surgically were significantly lower than rates for dogs managed by nonsurgical means alone. Early surgical intervention is recommended for definitive diagnosis and treatment of dogs with spontaneous pneumothorax.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates from cattle in feedlots     

Dargatz DA  Fedorka-Cray PJ  Ladely SR  Ferris KE  Green AL  Headrick ML 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(2):268-272

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates from feedlot cattle. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 263 Salmonella isolates. PROCEDURES: Fecal samples were collected from the floor of 2 pens in each of 100 feedlots. Two hundred eighty Salmonella isolates were recovered after bacteriologic culture from 38 pens. Of these, 263 isolates were available for antimicrobial susceptibility testing to 16 antimicrobials, using microbroth dilution breakpoint plates. RESULTS: Less than 5% of isolates were resistant to any of the antimicrobials tested, with the exception of sulfamethoxazole (15; 5.7%) and tetracycline (61; 23.2%). Most isolates (197; 74.9%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, whereas 18 (6.8%) were resistant to 2 or more antimicrobials. The percentage of isolates with resistance to any antimicrobial varied by serotype. The percentage of isolates resistant to various antimicrobials was not related to concurrent use of antimicrobials in the feed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: With the exception of tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole, resistance of Salmonella isolates to any of the antimicrobials was uncommon. Most isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Antimicrobial resistance was not related to the presence of antimicrobials in the ration being fed at the time of sample collection.  相似文献   

Lack of interaction between avian leukosis virus subgroup J and fowl adenovirus (FAV) in FAV-antibody-positive chickens     

Zavala G  Dufour-Zavala L  Villegas P  El-Attrache J  Hilt DA  Jackwood MW 《Avian diseases》2002,46(4):979-984

Unfounded field speculation has suggested that avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) predisposes young meat-type chickens to inclusion body hepatitis caused by fowl adenovirus (FAV). To address this hypothesis, we infected 1-day-old grandparent meat-type chickens carrying maternal antibodies against FAV with a field isolate of FAV associated with inclusion body hepatitis in broilers, ALV-J, or both FAV and ALV-J. We examined the effects of FAV alone or in combination with ALV-J on the basis of clinical signs, overall mortality, growth rate, and gross and microscopic lesions. With such criteria for evaluating possible interactions, we found no significant differences in the dually infected birds in comparison with chickens that received a monovalent challenge with either FAV or ALV-J.  相似文献   

Survival of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in sterilized poultry litter     

Lopes VC  Velayudhan B  Halvorson DA  Nagaraja KV 《Avian diseases》2002,46(4):1011-1014

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) has been associated with respiratory disease, increased mortality, retarded growth, and decreased egg production in chickens and turkeys. Surveillance of exposure to ORT infection in the field has shown that prevalence of the infection is higher during winter months. The ability of ORT to remain viable in the poultry litter was studied at different temperatures over time. Presterilized poultry litter was inoculated with 10(11) colony-forming units of ORT and kept at -12 C, 4 C, 22 C, 37 C, and 42 C. Reisolation and titration of ORT from litter was attempted at intervals. Results indicate that ORT survived for 1 day at 37 C, 6 days at 22 C, 40 days at 4 C, and at least 150 days at -12 C. ORT did not survive 24 hr at 42 C. The survival of ORT at lower temperatures may be associated with the higher incidence of ORT infection in poultry during winter months.  相似文献   

Effects of restricted feeding on physiological stress parameters in growing broiler breeders   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

de Jong IC  van Voorst S  Ehlhardt DA  Blokhuis HJ 《British poultry science》2002,43(2):157-168

1. In previous studies, a lack of agreement in measurements of plasma corticosterone concentrations and heterophil:lymphocyte (H/L) ratio as physiological indices of stress, caused by hunger and frustration in restricted-fed broiler breeders, was observed. It could be suggested that the differences between previous studies were caused by differences in duration of restriction and time of the day of the measurements. Therefore, in the present study the plasma corticosterone concentration and the H/L ratio were again determined in restricted- and ad libitum-fed growing broiler breeders, taking possible causes of disagreement between previous studies into account. In addition, we measured the daily rhythm in body temperature and heart rate, and the corticosterone responses to an acute stressor as physiological indices of stress. 2. Female broiler breeders (64 per treatment, housed in groups of 4 birds) were used in the experiment. Behaviour, baseline plasma corticosterone concentrations and H/L ratio were determined at 21 d of age (immediately after the start of food restriction), and at 42 and 63 d of age. Body temperature, heart rate and activity were measured by radiotelemetry for 36 h at 49 and 70 d of age. In addition, the plasma corticosterone response to acute stress (5 min manual restraint) was measured at 77 or 78 d of age. 3. Restricted broiler breeders had higher plasma corticosterone concentrations at 42 and 63 d of age, but no differences in H/L. ratio were found between restricted birds and unrestricted control birds. Restricted broiler breeders had a higher corticosterone response to 5 min manual restraint than unrestricted birds. Restricted birds displayed a clear day-night rhythm in body temperature, heart rate and activity whereas such a rhythm was blunted in ad libitum-fed birds. 4. It is discussed that some physiological differences (plasma corticosterone concentrations, body temperature and heart rate) between ad libitum-fed and restricted broiler breeders may have been caused by differences in metabolic rate as well as by differences in the level of stress. It is concluded that a combination of behavioural measurements and a wide range of physiological parameters should be used for the assessment of stress in growing broiler breeders.  相似文献   

Establishment of an immortalized cell line and transplantable xenograft from a bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma of a cat     

Grossman DA  McNiel EA  Hackett TB  Barsky SH 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(12):1745-1753

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What is your diagnosis? Displaced avulsion fracture of the basisphenoid-basioccipital bone     

Alexander K  Baird JD  Dobson H  Parsons DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(3):297-298

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What is your diagnosis? Mixed lytic-proliferative lesion in the left tibia     

Young BD  Hendrickson DA  Park RD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(9):1251-1252

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More on the pregnant mare urine industry     

Freeman DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(12):1778

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Treatment of canine atopic dermatitis with zafirlukast, a leukotriene-receptor antagonist: a single-blinded, placebo-controlled study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Senter DA  Scott DW  Miller WH 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2002,43(3):203-206

Zafirlukast and placebo were administered orally as individual agents to 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis. The pruritus was effectively reduced by at least 50% in 2/18 (11%) dogs that completed the trial with zafirlukast. Two dogs vomited after administration of the active drug.  相似文献