Ventral ultrasound-guided suprainguinal approach to block the femoral nerve in the dog     

Echeverry DF  Laredo FG  Gil F  Belda E  Soler M  Agut A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,192(3):333-337

This prospective study assessed a ventral ultrasound-guided suprainguinal approach to block the femoral nerve (FN) in dogs. The anatomical features of the FN were evaluated in four canine cadavers. In another five cadavers, the FN was located by ultrasound-guidance and the accuracy of this technique was evaluated by injection of black ink and posterior evaluation of the degree of staining of the nerves. In five live dogs, the FN was blocked with 2% lidocaine. The distribution of lidocaine around the nerve and the presence of motor deficit were evaluated. The FN was easily located and accurately blocked in all cases. This new ultrasound-guided approach was reliable for blocking the FN and might be a suitable alternative to the traditional approaches described to block the FN in the dog.  相似文献   

Population structure of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from cattle in Mexico     

Gutiérrez Reyes JA  Casanova LG  Torres CR  Gallegos SL  Alarcón GJ  Pezzat MM  Martínez OP  Chávez CE  Suazo FM 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2012,106(1):1-8

The molecular fingerprints of 878 isolates of Mycobacterium bovis collected from cattle between 2009 and 2010 in different regions of Mexico were used in this study. One hundred and ninety-four spoligotypes were observed in total with a high degree of heterogeneity. Sixty-four percent of the isolates grouped into just nine spoligotypes, and 27% fell into only two spoligotypes: SB0673 and SB0669; 149 were orphan spoligotypes. The two predominant spoligotypes were found in almost all states in Mexico, especially in central Mexico, where there is a high concentration of dairy cattle; however, some spoligotypes were closely associated with restricted geographical areas. The hypothetical evolutionary relationship among spoligotypes was estimated using the spoligoforest program in the spolTools webpage. Four trees with connected components and nine unconnected nodes were found. The biggest tree had SB0140 strain as a root, suggesting this as the oldest strain in the tree. However, the relationship of this spoligotype with SB0673 and SB0669 was weak. The discriminatory power of spoligotyping for this M. bovis sample of isolates was 0.94, and the recent transmission index (RTI) 0.83, suggesting a high rate of recent transmission of some strains of M. bovis in the population. This parameter indicates that new measures are required to stop the dissemination of tuberculosis in cattle.  相似文献   

Comparative topical anti-inflammatory activity of cannabinoids and cannabivarins     

Aurelia Tubaro  Anna Giangaspero  Silvio Sosa  Roberto Negri  Gianpaolo Grassi  Salvatore Casano  Roberto Della Loggia  Giovanni Appendino 《Fitoterapia》2010

A selection of seven phytocannabinoids representative of the major structural types of classic cannabinoids and their corresponding cannabivarins was investigated for in vivo topical anti-inflammatory activity in the Croton oil mouse ear dermatitis assay. Differences in the terpenoid moiety were far more important for anti-inflammatory activity than those at the C-3 alkyl residue, suggesting the involvement not only of cannabinoid receptors, but also of other inflammatory end-points targeted by phytocannabinoids.  相似文献   

Larval fish assemblages and mesoscale oceanographic structure along the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System     

Barbara A. Muhling  Ryan H. Smith  Lourdes Vásquez–Yeomans  John T. Lamkin  Elizabeth M. Johns  Laura Carrillo  Eloy Sosa‐Cordero  Estrella Malca 《Fisheries Oceanography》2013,22(5):409-428

The Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System (MBRS) is of high ecological and economic importance to the western Caribbean region, and contains spawning sites for a number of reef fish species. Despite this, little is known of the distribution and transport of pelagic fish larvae in the area, and basic in situ information on larval fish assemblages is lacking. Here we describe the results of two biological oceanography research cruises conducted in winter‐spring of 2006 and 2007, focusing on larval fish assemblages. We use multivariate assemblage analyses to examine vertical and horizontal distribution characteristics of larval fish assemblages, to highlight key distinguishing taxa, and to relate these to the observed oceanographic structure. Our results showed a general separation between the Gulf of Honduras region, which was characterized by weaker currents and high abundances of inshore and estuarine taxa (Eleotridae, Priacanthidae), and the northern MBRS, which was subject to strong northward flow and contained a mixture of mesopelagic and reef‐associated taxa (Myctophidae, Sparidae). Although distinct patterns of vertical distribution were observed among taxa, both shallow and deep living larvae were broadly distributed throughout the study area. Analysis of historical drifter tracks highlighted the strong northward flow and low retention conditions typically present along the northern MBRS, as well as potential connectivity between the western Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.  相似文献   

Short‐Term Undernutrition Affects Final Development of Ovulatory Follicles in Sheep Synchronized for Ovulation     

C Sosa  A Gonzalez‐Bulnes  JA Abecia  F Forcada  A Meikle 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):1033-1038

The objective of this study was to determine, in sheep, the effect of a short‐term undernutrition on growth dynamics and competence of pre‐ovulatory follicles. Synchronization of sexual cycles and induction of ovulation were performed, with progestagens and gonadotrophins, in 14 adult female sheep. Morphological characteristics and developmental competence of ovarian follicles to achieve ovulation were determined by imaging techniques (ultrasonography and laparoscopy) and blood sampling. All the animals ovulated and mean ovulation rates were similar between groups (2.0 ± 0.6 corpora lutea in control ewes and 2.2 ± 0.8 in undernourished sheep). However, nutritional restriction, even during a short period, was related to the presence of large follicles in static growing phase which, despite reaching ovulation, persisted static during the induced follicular phase and evidenced functional alterations as there was no inhibition of the development of subordinate follicles. Thus, this study suggests the existence of deleterious effects from short‐term undernutrition on functionality of pre‐ovulatory follicles, which can compromise fertility.  相似文献   

Short‐term suppression of Aedes aegypti using genetic control does not facilitate Aedes albopictus          下载免费PDF全文

Kevin Gorman  Josué Young  Lleysa Pineda  Ricardo Márquez  Nestor Sosa  Damaris Bernal  Rolando Torres  Yamilitzel Soto  Renaud Lacroix  Neil Naish  Paul Kaiser  Karla Tepedino  Gwilym Philips  Cecilia Kosmann  Lorenzo Cáceres 《Pest management science》2016,72(3):618-628

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限制性营养对妊娠早期绵羊代谢反应的影响     

Sosa C Abecia J A Carriquiry M Forcada F Martin G B Palacin I Meikle A 《饲料博览》2009,(5):39-39

试验旨在研究在妊娠早期（受孕后14d）供给27d的半维持营养是否可以改变绵羊母体内分泌反应。选46只母羊供给维持需营养量或半维持需营养量,在发情周期或妊娠的第14天屠宰。用实时定量PCR（RT—PCR）技术检测生长激素受体（GHR）、脂肪组织和GHR中的瘦素、GHR1A和肝中胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ（ⅠGF—Ⅰ）的基因表达。并同时测定代谢产物的血液指标和代谢激素。通过试验发现,与饲喂维持需要量组相比,半维持需要量组母羊体重和体况下降、非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）的血浆浓度升高、瘦素的血浆浓度降低。可见,营养不良影响脂肪和肝组织的基因表达,且在妊娠母羊和非妊娠母羊间存在差异。在饲喂维持需要营养量母羊组中,妊娠对脂肪组织中瘦素的mRNA表达呈正向调节,但在半维持营养需要量组,这种表达却受到抑制,半维持需要量组妊娠母羊肝IGF—Ⅰ的mRNA表达提高,但对饲喂维持营养需要量母羊无影响。而在妊娠早期这种能改变胎环境的子宫基因的变化能否相应引起内分泌环境的变化仍有待于研究。  相似文献   

Evaluation of American Wagyu sires for scrotal circumference by age and body weight     

Sosa JM  Senger PL  Reeves JJ 《Journal of animal science》2002,80(1):19-22

Thirty-six percent of American Wagyu bulls do not meet the current minimum standards set by the Society of Theriogenology for the breeding soundness exam. In contrast, only 15% of bulls of domestic breeds do not meet the minimum standards. Scrotal circumference measurements of Wagyu are smaller than those of other breeds. The objective of this research was to describe scrotal circumference of Wagyu bulls as it relates to age and BW. The data set consisted of 190 Wagyu bulls housed at two locations. One hundred forty-one bulls constituted the first set of data (location 1); scrotal circumference was measured one to six times per bull aged between 13 and 70 mo. Ninety-four of the bulls underwent semen evaluation for motility and morphology. Forty-nine bulls constituted the data set for which scrotal circumference and BW was measured one to nine times per bull between 5 and 21 mo of age (location 2). Mean scrotal circumference of bulls within each age group was as follows: 12 to 14 mo, 29.8 0.2 cm (mean +/- SE); 15 to 17 mo, 31.8 +/- 0.2 cm; 18 to 20 mo, 32.9 +/- 0.3 cm; 21 to 24 mo, 31.8 +/- 0.5 cm; and > 24 mo, 35.5 +/- 0.2 cm. Both age and BW were highly correlated to scrotal circumference (r = 0.81 and 0.82, respectively). Within each age group, there were a percentage of bulls that did not meet the minimum standard for scrotal circumference set by the Society of Theriogenology. The percentages were as follows: 12 to 14 mo, 46%; 15 to 17 mo, 25%; 18 to 20 mo, 33%; 21 to 24 mo, 42%; and > 24 mo, 32%. Morphology and motility were > 50% each in 91% of the bulls between ages 12 and 20 mo at location 1. Based on these data, it is recommended that Wagyu bulls be evaluated with the breed-specific minimum standards for scrotal circumference of 26 cm from 12 to 14 mo, 29 cm from 15 to 17 mo, and 30 cm from 18 to 20 mo of age.  相似文献   

Detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli by PCR in cattle in Argentina. Evaluation of two procedures     

Gioffré A  Meichtri L  Miliwebsky E  Baschkier A  Chillemi G  Romano MI  Sosa Estani S  Cataldi A  Rodríguez R  Rivas M 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,87(4):301-313

Different experimental approaches were evaluated for their ability to detect stx genes by PCR and identify Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in bovine fecal samples. One hundred and sixty fecal samples from steers in Argentina were processed by protocols that involved: (1) enrichment of fecal samples and DNA extraction using a commercially available kit (Protocol A); (2) plating on selective media after enrichment of the fecal sample followed by heat-lysis DNA extraction from the confluent growth zone (Protocol B); (3) analysis of individual colonies isolated from direct fecal culture on MacConkey agar and sorbitol MacConkey agar supplemented with cefixime and potassium tellurite (Protocol C), used as Gold Standard. PCR performed on bacteria from the confluent growth zone (Protocol B) proved to be the most sensitive methodology. In addition, enrichment for greater than 6h, enhanced sensitivity. Among eight STEC isolates, four were O8:H19 and four were stx2/eae-negative. An STEC isolate was characterized as O26:H11 with a stx1/eae/EHEC-hlyA genotype, often associated with human disease. Finally, no STEC O157 strains were isolated using these methods.  相似文献   

Use of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to determine the stability of rabies virus genome in brains kept at room temperature.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Edith Rojas Anaya  Elizabeth Loza-Rubio  Víctor Manuel Banda Ruiz  Eliseo Hernández Baumgarten 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(1):98-101

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