Fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat from Nellore steers fed dry or high moisture corn and calcium salts of fatty acids     

Saulo da Luz e Silva  Paulo Roberto Leme  Soraia Marques Putrino  Anglica Simone Cravo Pereira  Amaury Camilo Valinote  Jos Carlos Machado Nogueira Filho  Dante Pazzanese Duarte Lanna 《Livestock Science》2009,122(2-3):290-295

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the fatty acid composition of the Longissimus muscle from carcasses of Nellore steers fed diets with calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) and high moisture corn. Forty eight steers were fed during 70 days four diets containing dry corn (DC), high moisture corn (HM), dry corn plus CSFA (DC-CSFA) or high moisture corn plus CSFA (HM-CSFA). Fatty acid composition of the Longissimus muscle was determined by gas chromatography. Corn type had no effect on the ether extract percentage and in the content of the majority of the fatty acids, although steers fed HMC showed higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated/saturated ratio. Feeding CSFA increased ether extract percentage but had no effect on total of saturated, unsaturated and saturated: unsaturated ratio. Both high moisture corn and calcium salts of fatty acids increased CLA (cis9, trans11) and total CLA concentrations in intramuscular fat.  相似文献   

Granulocytic anaplasmosis in three dogs from Saskatoon,Saskatchewan     

Ken R. Cockwill  Susan M. Taylor  Elisabeth C.R. Snead  Ryan Dickinson  Kevin Cosford  Sarah Malek  L. Robbin Lindsay  Pedro Paulo Vissotto de Paiva Diniz 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2009,50(8):835-840

Three dogs from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan were diagnosed with acute granulocytic anaplasmosis. Fever, lethargy, inappetence, vomiting, diarrhea, and lameness were reported. Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and splenomegaly were identified in all dogs. Inclusions were identified within the cytoplasm of blood neutrophils, and infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction.  相似文献   

Dose-related antinociceptive effects of intravenous buprenorphine in cats     

Steagall PV  Mantovani FB  Taylor PM  Dixon MJ  Luna SP 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(2):203-209

The dose-related antinociceptive effects of intravenous (IV) buprenorphine were evaluated in cats. Thermal (TT) and mechanical threshold (MT) devices were used for nociceptive stimulation. After baseline threshold recordings, buprenorphine was administered IV (0.01, 0.02 or 0.04 mg/kg; B1, B2 and B4, respectively) in a randomised, blinded and cross-over study. Data were analysed by ANOVA (P < 0.05) using 95% confidence intervals (CI). TT increased 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.2 ± 2.7 °C), 2, 3 and 4 h after B1; 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.1 ± 3.9 °C) and 2 h after B2, and 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.4 ± 3.3 °C), 2, 3, 6 and 8 h after B4. MT increased 15 and 45 min after B2 (260 ± 171 mmHg), and 30 (209 ± 116 mmHg) and 45 min and 1 and 2 h after B4. At 45 min, MT values were significantly higher after B2 compared to B1 (P < 0.05). With MT, B2 and B4 produced more antinociception and longer duration of action than B1, respectively. No dose response to thermal stimulation was detected.  相似文献   

Comparison between the analgesic effects of morphine and tramadol delivered epidurally in cats receiving a standardized noxious stimulation     

Douglas S. Castro  Marta F.A. Silva  Andre C. Shih  Pedro P.A. Motta  Marcos V.M. Pires  Paulo O. Scherer 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(12):948-953

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Impact of mole drains on salinity of a vertisoil under irrigation     

Paulo J.N. Castanheira  Ricardo P. Serralheiro 《Biosystems Engineering》2010,105(1):25-33

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Biomass burning in Brazil's Amazonian “arc of deforestation”: Burning efficiency and charcoal formation in a fire after mechanized clearing at Feliz Natal, Mato Grosso     

Ciro Abbud Righi  Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro Graa  Carlos Clemente Cerri  Brigitte Josefine Feigl  Philip Martin Fearnside 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009,258(11):2535-2546

Estimates of greenhouse-gas emissions from deforestation are highly uncertain because of high variability in key parameters and because of the limited number of studies providing field measurements of these parameters. One such parameter is burning efficiency, which determines how much of the original forest's aboveground carbon stock will be released in the burn, as well as how much will later be released by decay and how much will remain as charcoal. In this paper we examined the fate of biomass from a semideciduous tropical forest in the “arc of deforestation,” where clearing activity is concentrated along the southern edge of the Amazon forest. We estimated carbon content, charcoal formation and burning efficiency by direct measurements (cutting and weighing) and by line-intersect sampling (LIS) done along the axis of each plot before and after burning of felled vegetation. The total aboveground dry biomass found here (219.3 Mg ha⁻¹) is lower than the values found in studies that have been done in other parts of the Amazon region. Values for burning efficiency (65%) and charcoal formation (6.0%, or 5.98 Mg C ha⁻¹) were much higher than those found in past studies in tropical areas. The percentage of trunk biomass lost in burning (49%) was substantially higher than has been found in previous studies. This difference may be explained by the concentration of more stems in the smaller diameter classes and the low humidity of the fuel (the dry season was unusually long in 2007, the year of the burn). This study provides the first measurements of forest burning parameters for a group of forest types that is now undergoing rapid deforestation. The burning parameters estimated here indicate substantially higher burning efficiency than has been found in other Amazonian forest types. Quantification of burning efficiency is critical to estimates of trace-gas emissions from deforestation.  相似文献   

Path analysis for selection of drought tolerant sugarcane genotypes through physiological components     

Paulo Pedro da Silva  Lailton SoaresJoão Gomes da Costa  Luciana da Silva VianaJúlio César Farias de Andrade  Eduardo Rebelo GonçalvesJoão Messias dos Santos  Geraldo Veríssimo de Souza BarbosaVelber Xavier Nascimento  Adriana Reis TodaroAlessandro Riffel  Maria Fatima Grossi-de-SaMárcio Henrique Pereira Barbosa  Antônio Euzébio Goulart Sant’AnaCícero Eduardo Ramalho Neto 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,37(1):11-19

Water deficit is among the main environmental factors limiting agricultural productivity of sugarcane in Northeast Brazil by affecting virtually every aspect of plant growth, with consequent reduction of the agro-industrial productivity of this crop. This study aimed to use path analysis to evaluate the physiological components of sugarcane under two water conditions, with photosynthesis as the basic variable, in order to obtain subsidies that can help the genetic breeding of this crop by selection of superior clones with drought tolerance. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with a completely randomized experimental design, 4 × 2 factorial arrangements (four sugarcane genotypes × two soil moisture regimes: control, with 80-100% available water and stressed, with 0-20% water available) and with four replications. Each plot consisted of one pot with 12 kg of substrate containing one plant. Treatments were maintained at a humidity close to field capacity with daily replacement of the evapotranspired water with a water supply for 66 days of cultivation for treatments under stress. Evaluations were conducted on the fourth day after severe water stress at 70 days of cultivation. Data from nine physiological variables were considered, with six of these being used in the model after exclusion of those that were contributing to multicollinearity. Variables used in path analysis were enough to explain the variation found in photosynthesis under both water conditions. Stomatal conductance, transpiration and the SPAD index should be considered as a priority in breeding programs for sugarcane aiming to get more productive and tolerant genotypes to water stress, and selection indexes should be used with due consideration of these variables to promote gains in photosynthesis.  相似文献   

Molecular Diagnostics for Complex Pest and Disease Resistance and Tuber Quality Traits: Concept,Achievements and Perspectives     

C. Gebhardt  C. Urbany  L. Li  B. Stich  J. Paulo  A. Draffehn  A. Ballvora 《Potato Research》2011,54(4):313-318

We summarize the concept of molecular diagnostic of complex traits related to pest and disease resistance and to tuber quality of potato, and describe recent achievements and perspectives. Many potato characteristics are controlled by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Knowing the genes and their allelic variants that underlay these characteristics allows developing molecular diagnostic tools to select for improved potato cultivars. Diagnostic DNA-based markers can be used to identify superior genotypes (precision breeding). Diagnostic markers can be identified by combining quantitative trait locus mapping, candidate gene mapping and association mapping using functional and positional candidate genes as markers. This approach was successfully used to identify loci, which contribute to the natural variation of important agronomic traits, including resistance against root cyst nematodes, late blight and wart disease and tuber quality (resistance to bruising and chip colour). In the future, whole genome association mapping based on single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping methods in combination with the annotated potato genome sequence will allow identifying additional genes and gene variants controlling agronomic performance in potato. Prerequisites are accurate phenotyping under field conditions of advanced breeding materials, cost-effective and reliable genome-wide genotyping methods, and user-friendly software tools allowing to extract knowledge from massive quantities of data. This will further facilitate molecular diagnosis, selection and combination of superior alleles in potato-breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Leaching and Recovering of Nitrogen Following N Fertilizers Application to the Soil in a Laboratory Study     

Sulian Junkes Dal Molin  Paulo Roberto Ernani  Pâmella Soldatelli  Paulo Cezar Cassol 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(9):1099-1106

Following soil fertilization, nitrogen (N) is partially lost. The objective of this study was to evaluate leaching and recovery of N after addition of fertilizers to the soil. Two experiments were conducted in leaching columns submitted to frequent water percolations. In the leaching experiment, urea, ammonium nitrate, and six coated N fertilizers were utilized; in the N recovery experiment, treatments consisted of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate, combined or not with percolation. Percolations were performed weekly with quantification of ammonium and nitrate in the percolated. The recovered N was obtained by summing total N percolated with N in the soil. Nitrate leaching was highest from amide-N fertilizers, with no differences between them showing that coating urea was not efficient to decrease N leaching. Nitric fertilizers had the lowest recovery of N, probably due to the occurrence of denitrification caused by the frequent water percolation.  相似文献   

Epidemiological aspects of Phyllosticta citricarpa colonization and viability in Citrus sinensis     

de Oliveira Silva  Alan  Savi  Daiani Cristina  Raiser  Paulo Henrique Schueda  Gonçalves  Fabrício Packer  Kava  Vanessa  Galli-Terasawa  Lygia Vitória  Glienke  Chirlei 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2017,124(1):73-80

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Citrus black spot (CBS) is a disease caused by the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa that is associated with significant yield losses. The pathogen forms...  相似文献