Grain yield response of Zea mays (hybrid AE 703) to Azotobacter chroococcum H23     

M. V. Martinez-Toledo  J. Gonzalez-Lopez  T. de la Rubia  J. Moreno  A. Ramos-Cormenzana 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1988,6(4):352-353

Summary Field experiments were conducted during 1985 and 1986 to examine the effect of Azotobacter chroococcum on the grain yield of maize. Application of 40 kg N ha^–1 plus A. chroococcum caused a significant increase in maize yield. Azotobacter inoculation was more efficient at lower doses (40 kg N ha^–1) than at high doses (80 kg N ha^–1) of urea.  相似文献   

Biological aging of sherry wines using pure cultures of two flor yeast strains under controlled microaeration     

Muñoz D  Peinado RA  Medina M  Moreno J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(13):5258-5264

Sherry wines obtained after biological aging for an average of 0, 2, and 4 years were inoculated separately with the flor yeast strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. capensis and Saccharomyces bayanus and subjected to short, periodic microaeration to a dissolved oxygen concentration of 4 mg L(-1) after formation of the yeast film. A principal component analysis with the acetaldehyde, ethanol, volatile acidity, and glycerol concentrations obtained was performed. The first principal component was found to account for 49.5% of the overall variance and to be defined mainly by glycerol and ethanol. The second component accounted for 38.8% of the variance and was defined by volatile acidity and acetaldehyde. The conditions used in the tests allowed the biological aging of the wines to be substantially shortened. Thus, 42 days after flor-film formation by S. cerevisiae var. capensis, 0- and 2-year-old wines exhibited parameter values similar to those obtained for the wine aged for 4 years. The wines inoculated with S. bayanus exhibited high acetaldehyde concentrations and ethanol levels above 15% (v/v)-sherry wines with alcohol concentrations below 14.5% are undesirable-, so one need not exclude the sequential or simultaneous inoculation of S. bayanus together with S. cerevisiae var. capensis in order to improve the biological aging process.  相似文献   

Immunological aspects of Marek's disease in chickens with maternal antibodies]     

F Lesník  D Chudy  O J Vrtiak  A R Moreno 《Veterinární medicína》1978,23(8):499-506

The dynamics of the production of immunoprecipitation antibodies to Marek's disease virus was studied in the serum of chickens with maternal antibodies in relation to the occurrence of the immunoprecipitation antigens of Marek's disease virus in feather follicles. One-day-old chickens were infected by the contact method with Marek's disease virus. The first occurrence of immunoprecipitation antigen was detected on the 14th day after infection and this occurrence persisted throughout the experiment, i. e. until the 112th day after infection. The antibodies were first detected the 28th day after infection and their titre kept rising until the 98th day after infection. Immunoprecipitation antibodies and antigens of Marek's disease virus were detected in some tumorously changed kidneys. Immunoelectrophoretic examination revealed in the same kidneys immunoglobulins of the class IgY, IgA and beta-globulin. The slowest-migrating fraction of IgY, together with IgA, beta-globulin and C-reactive protein were detected in the skin extracts from infected poultry. Indirect haemagglutination enabled the detection of the presence of haemagglutination antibodies in rabbit immunoglobulin to the skin antigen of Marek's disease virus, and in avian immunoglobulin to the same virus. Haemagglutination antigen was revealed in the extract from tumorously changed kidneys.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline after intramuscular administration with lidocaine in sheep, comparison with a conventional formulation     

L. Moreno  J.M. Serrano  M.E. Guimera  C.M. Carceles 《Research in veterinary science》1998,65(3):209

The pharmacokinetic behaviour of oxytetracycline (OTC) was studied in 11 sheep after intravenous and intramuscular administration at a single dosage of 20 mg kg⁻¹ bodyweight. A conventional formulation was injected by the intravenous route and two different preparations were administered by the intramuscular route: a conventional formulation (T-100) and an aqueous solution of OTC with lidocaine (1 per cent) (OTC-Q. The objective was to determine whether there are differences between both formulations in the disposition kinetics of OTC after intramuscular administration to sheep. After intravenous administration of the conventional formulation, plasma oxytetracycline concentrations were best fitted to an open two-compartment model. Mean apparent volume of distribution was 0·77±0·02 litre kg⁻¹ and the harmonic mean half-life was three hours. The OTC transfer process between central and peripheral compartments was fast and that did not influence the elimination process. After intramuscular administrations of both formulations, half-lives were longer than after intravenous administration (mean values of 14·1 and 58·2 hours for T-100 and OTC-L respectively). In both cases, a biphasic absorption, a ‘flip-flop’ model and a complete bioavailability were found. OTC-L provided therapeutic plasma concentrations over 0·5 μg ml⁻¹ (the minimum inhibitory concentration for most susceptible pathogens) for a longer period of time than T-100 (72 hours compared with 36 or 48 hours).  相似文献   

Comparison of agar gel immunodiffusion test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting for the detection of BLV antibodies     

Dolz G  Moreno E 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1999,46(8):551-558

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infection was developed and compared with the agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGIDT). Western blotting (WB) was used as confirmatory test. ELISA and AGIDT had specificities that were comparable with that of WB, however, ELISA showed a higher sensitivity than AGIDT. The ELISA was useful for screening a large number of samples, whereas WB was important for detecting the antibody response against the individual BLV-proteins. Different types of positive serological reactions were discerned in WB, that correlated with reactions of sera in AGIDT and ELISA. The most important antigen in WB and ELISA was the BLV protein p24, whereas the BLV glycoproteins gp51 and gp30 were of special importance in AGIDT. The relevance of repeatedly testing the antibody response in BLV-infected herds for control and eradication programmes using assays with higher sensitivity than AGIDT was demonstrated.  相似文献   

Interference of paratuberculosis with the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a goat flock with a natural mixed infection     

Alvarez J  de Juan L  Bezos J  Romero B  Sáez JL  Reviriego Gordejo FJ  Briones V  Moreno MA  Mateos A  Domínguez L  Aranaz A 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,128(1-2):72-80

Detection of infected animals is a key step in eradication programs of tuberculosis. Paratuberculosis infection has been demonstrated to compromise the specificity of the diagnostic tests. However, its effect on their sensitivity has not been clarified. In the present study, skin tests and the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) assay were evaluated in a goat flock (n=177) with a mixed tuberculosis-paratuberculosis infection in order to assess the possible effect of paratuberculosis on their sensitivity. Culture of mycobacteria was performed as the gold standard to determine the true infection status. All techniques showed lower sensitivities than previously described; the single intradermal tuberculin (SIT) test and the IFN-gamma assay detected 71% (62.4-78.6, 95% C.I.) of the infected animals; the single intradermal cervical comparative tuberculin (SICCT) test detected only 42.7% (34.1-51.7, 95% C.I.) of infected animals. The highest level of sensitivity was obtained when SIT test and IFN-gamma assay were combined in parallel (90.8%, 84.5-95.2, 95% C.I.). Sensitivities of the tests were also assessed by comparing animals suffering tuberculosis and animals with a mixed infection; tests were found to be more effective in the former group. Paratuberculosis seems to have a major effect in the sensitivity of the diagnostic tests under study, and therefore must be taken into account; in particular, the use of the SICCT test should be questioned when both tuberculosis and paratuberculosis are present.  相似文献   

Inclusion of two differently pH‐autolysis hydrolysates of squid coproduct in diets of shrimp cultured under indoor and outdoor conditions          下载免费PDF全文

J.L. Arias‐Moscoso  M. Ezquerra‐Brauer  L.R. Martínez‐Córdova  M. Martínez‐Porchas  A. Moreno‐Arias 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2015,21(5):750-754

Squid hydrolysates obtained by autolysis without addition of lactic acid at two different pH (5 and 7) and included at 25 and 50 g kg^?1 in a commercial shrimp feed were evaluated. Shrimp fed on such diets were cultured under indoor and outdoor conditions. Diets containing both hydrolysates and included at both levels caused a higher feed consumption by shrimp. In general, shrimp fed on both hydrolysates, but particularly on that prepared at pH 7, exhibited similar or better production responses (survival, biomass, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate) compared to those fed on diets without the inclusion of hydrolysates. Shrimp cultured outdoor showed a better growth performance compared to those cultured indoor. No significant differences were found regarding the proximate composition of shrimp of any treatment. Results suggest that the free amino acids provided by squid hydrolysates contributed to improve the feed consumption and growth performance of shrimp cultured under both indoor and outdoor conditions.  相似文献   

Effects of organic chromium supplementation to finishing lambs diet on growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality     

Laura Moreno-Camarena  Ignacio Domínguez-Vara  José Bórquez-Gastelum  Juan Sánchez-Torres  Juan Pinos-Rodríguez  Antonia Mariezcurrena-Berasain  Ernesto Morales-Almaráz  Abdelfattah Z M Salem 《农业科学学报》2015,14(3):567-574

The objective of this study was to evaluate supplemental organic chromium(Cr) to finishing lambs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. Eighteen Suffolk lambs(age(4.5±0.2) mon;(25.8±3.6) kg body weight(BW)) were randomly assigned to three levels of supplemental organic Cr(0.0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg kg–1 dry matter(DM)) in a complete random design. Growth performance was evaluated for 70 d, and then lambs were slaughtered to study carcass characteristics and chemical composition of meat. Orthogonal contrasts were performed(contrast one-average level 0.2 ppm Cr vs. average level 0.4 ppm Cr; contrast two-level 0 vs. average levels(0.2+0.4) ppm Cr). Orthogonal polynomials were used to estimate the linear and quadratic effects of Cr concentrations. Growth and carcass performance were not affected by supplemental organic Cr. Muscle conformation and leg perimeter linearly increased(P0.05) as organic Cr level increased in the diet. Kidney fat decreased linearly(P0.05) as supplemental Cr increased. In Longissimus dorsi(LD), the ash content decreased linearly, and shear force(kg cm–2) increased(P0.05) as organic Cr level increased in the diet. It is concluded that organic Cr did not affect growth performance, but it improved positively the muscle conformation, reduced kidney fat, whereas in LD there was an increment in shear force in finishing carcass lambs.  相似文献   

Assessment of the bacterial community diversity associated with the queen conch Strombus gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and culturing     

Olga María Pérez Carrascal  Moisés Posada Elorza  Gloria Ester Cadavid Restrepo  Claudia Ximena Moreno Herrera 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(5):773-786

The biotic diversity of Strombus gigas has not been thoroughly studied despite the status of the queen conch as an important ecological resource. The bacteria associated with the conch influence their host in several ways, including through the metabolism of nutrients, protection against invasive bacteria and the regulation of the physical conditions. In this study, conventional microbiological methods and molecular tools such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to assess the composition of the bacterial communities associated with the queen conch (S. gigas) in wild and captive habitats in Colombia. A genetic analysis of the bacterial communities revealed a high level of diversity based on the large number of bands detected using DGGE. In addition, differences in bacterial community structure were found between the conchs in captivity and the wild populations. The dominant phylogenetic affiliations of the bacteria, as determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, were grouped into four classes, namely, Betaproteobacteria (16%), Gammaproteobacteria (70%), Firmicutes (7%) and Actinobacteria (2%). These groups are related to host defence processes and the decomposition of organic matter. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis of the cultured bacteria and the resulting DGGE profiles are useful tools for characterizing the diversity of the bacteria associated with the analyzed conchs.  相似文献   

The response of different genotypes of citrus and relatives to Citrus psorosis virus inoculation     

K. Velázquez  L. Alba  O. Zarza  M. C. Vives  J. A. Pina  J. Juárez  L. Navarro  P. Moreno  José Guerri 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2016,144(1):73-81

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