伊犁河谷察南灌区土壤盐分空间变异研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘迁迁  苏里坦  刘广明  沙吾兰&#;哈斯木  张音 《干旱区研究》2017,34(5)

以伊犁河谷察南灌区为研究区,运用EM38电导率仪测定及室内分析相结合的手段,获取土壤电导率值及0~30 cm、30~60 cm、60~100 cm土壤盐分含量。一方面对各土层土壤盐分含量进行了简单的盐渍化分级统计,另一方面应用地统计学方法,对土壤盐分特征因子进行半方差函数分析及空间插值分析。初步研究表明:察南灌区土壤电导率变异系数为1.31,各土层土壤盐分含量变异系数分别为1.31、1.10、1.49,均呈现空间强变异;0~30cm、30~60 cm、60~100 cm土层土壤中,盐化土所占比例分别为25.37%、21.79%、12.11%,形成了比较明显的盐渍化趋势;在空间分布上,土壤电导率及土壤盐分含量自灌区西北至东南方向总体呈现减小的趋势。另外,研究发现灌区各土壤盐分因子具有强烈的空间相关性,空间变异格局主要是结构性因素作用的结果。  相似文献   

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Ileal endogenous amino acid flow of broiler chickens under high ambient temperature     

A. F. Soleimani  A. Kasim  A. R. Alimon  A. Meimandipour  I. Zulkifli 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(5):641-647

High environmental temperature has detrimental effects on the gastrointestinal tract of poultry. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of acute heat stress on endogenous amino acid (EAA) flow in broiler chickens. A total of 90, day‐old broiler chicks were housed in battery cages in an environmentally controlled chamber. Chicks were fed a nitrogen‐free diet on day 42 following either no heat exposure (no‐heat) or 2 weeks exposure to 35 ± 1 °C for 3 h from days 28 to 42 (2‐week heat) or 1 week exposure to 35 ± 1 °C for 3 h from days 35 to 42 (1 week heat). The most abundant amino acid in the ileal flow was glutamic acid, followed by aspartic acid, serine and threonine in non‐heat stressed group. The EAA flow in 1‐week heat and 2‐week heat birds were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those under no heat exposure (14682, 11161 and 9597 mg/kg of dry matter intake respectively). Moreover, the EAA flow of 2‐week heat group was less than 1‐week heat group by approximately 36%. These observations suggest that the effect of heat stress on EAA flow is mostly quantitative; however, heat stress may also alter the content of EAA flow qualitatively.  相似文献   

基于3S技术的土地利用时空变化分析——以迪那河绿洲为例     

阿迪力·吐尔干  吐尔孙·哈斯木  郝永娟  阿不力提甫·吾甫尔  杨家军 《水土保持研究》2015,22(1):305-309

介于干旱区绿洲内部人口相对密集,人类活动直接反映绿洲土地利用时空动态变化,这为本文对土地利用动态变化进行可行性、科学性分析具备了前提。在3S技术的支持下,运用1992年MSS,2000年ETM影像以及2006年、2011年两个时期TM影像,利用监督分类方法,同时结合研究区2008年1∶50 000土地利用现状图和实地考察资料,对迪那河绿洲土地利用时空变化进行了分析。研究表明:（1）1992—2011年研究区的土地类型发生了较大的变化:耕地、建筑用地呈持续增加态势,而林地、草地面积持续减少。草地面积呈先减少再增加后减少的变化趋势,但总体面积呈现下降趋势;未利用地面积呈现先增加后减小而总体下降趋势;（2）土地利用速度变化分析表明,研究区土地利用变化速度经历了直线型变化势态;（3）迪那河绿洲20 a间土地利用综合指数上升到50.49,此反映研究区土地利用正处于中等发展阶段,这与该研究区的自然地理环境和经济社会发展状况相吻合。  相似文献   

Corrigendum to: Development and Characterization of Novel Polymorphic Microsatellite Markers for Tapinoma indicum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)     

Li Yang Lim  Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(6)

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Removal of Trichloroethylene by Activated Carbon in the Presence and Absence of TiO2 Nanoparticles     

Hafiz H. Salih  George A. Sorial  Craig L. Patterson  Rajib Sinha  E. Radha Krishnan 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(5):2837-2847

Nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as a new type of contaminant in water and wastewater. The fate of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂NPs) in a granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorber and their impact on the removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) was investigated. Key parameters governing the TiO₂NP?CGAC interaction such as specific surface area (SSA), zeta potential, and the TiO₂NP particle size distribution (PSD) were determined. The impact of TiO₂NPs on TCE adsorption on GAC was tested by conducting TCE adsorption isotherm, kinetic, and column breakthrough studies in the presence and absence of TiO₂NPs. SSA and pore size distribution of the virgin and spent GAC were obtained. The fate and transport of the TiO₂NPs in the GAC fixed bed and their impact on TCE adsorption were found to be a function of their zeta potential, concentration, PSD, and the nature of their aggregation. The TiO₂NPs under investigation are not stable in water and rapidly form larger aggregates. Due to the fast adsorption kinetics of TCE, the isotherm and kinetic studies found no effect from TiO₂NPs. However, TiO₂NPs attached to GAC and led to a reduction in the amount of TCE adsorbed during the breakthrough experiments suggesting a preloading pore blockage phenomenon. The analysis of the used GAC confirmed the pore blockage and SSA reduction.  相似文献   

塔里木河下游生态输水对植被恢复和沙漠化逆转的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

杨家军  吐尔逊&#;哈斯木  郝永娟  阿迪力&#;吐尔干  阿不力提甫&#;吾甫尔 《水土保持通报》2014,(4):323-327

针对近50 a来人类不合理的资源开发,导致塔里木河下游地区沙漠化程度加剧等一系列生态环境问题,结合实地考察和野外调查资料以及遥感影像数据,运用植被覆盖度、沙漠化动态度模型分析法,对塔里木河下游生态输水前后植被和沙漠化状况进行了分析。研究结果表明,生态输水后,植被覆盖度增大,植物种数明显增加;胡杨冠幅增大;裸地、沙地面积减少;非沙漠化和轻度沙漠化土地面积不断扩大,而重度沙漠化面积有减小趋势。生态输水对塔里木河下游植被恢复和沙漠化逆转起到了明显的作用。  相似文献   

Variation in vitamin E level and aflatoxins contamination in different rice varieties     

Shahzad Zafar Iqbal  Hafiz Ghulam Mustafa  Muhammad Rafique Asi  S. Jinap 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014

In the present study, a total of 380 samples of 5 rice varieties were investigated for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) and tocopherols (Vitamin E) using HPLC, equipped with a fluorescence detector. The data revealed that super basmati rice has the highest mean level of total AFs (12.45 μg/kg) followed by KS-282 (11.2 μg/kg), basmati PK-385 (9.8 μg/kg), Irri-6 (9.7 μg/kg) and the lowest mean level was found in Irri-9 (8.9 μg/kg). Furthermore, the results have shown that the variety with lowest level of AFs has the highest level of tocopherol content; i.e. Irri-9 (53.2 mg/100 g), basmati PK-385 (45.9 mg/100 g), Irri-6 (45.3 mg/100 g), KS-282 (40.4 mg/100 g) and super basmati rice (40.2 mg/100 g). The data has shown correlation (r = −0.62, p < 0.05) between vitamin E content and AFs concentration in different rice varieties. The results are interesting and need further study to investigate the mechanistic background of vitamin E content and its effect on aflatoxins contamination.  相似文献   

基于机器学习的春小麦叶片水分含量高光谱估算     

热依拉·艾合买提  吾木提·艾山江  阿不都艾尼·阿不里  尼加提·卡斯木 《麦类作物学报》2022,(5):640-648

为了比较不同机器学习算法在干旱半干旱区春小麦叶片水分含量（leaf water content,LWC）遥感监测中的应用效果及筛选最佳波段组合,在田间尺度上,以春小麦冠层高光谱数据为基础,采用两波段组合形式,计算15种光谱参数（比值植被指数RVI、归一化植被指数NDVI、差值植被指数DVI和12种水分植被指数）,通过对抽穗期叶片含水量与光谱参数拟合效果进行对比与分析,分别构建了基于机器学习［人工神经网络（artificial neural network,ANN）、K近邻(K-nearest neighbors,KNN)和支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR）］和光谱参数的春小麦LWC反演模型,并对模型精度进行验证,以确定有效波段组合。结果表明,小麦抽穗期LWC与冠层高光谱反射率（R_784～950）、12种水分植被指数均显著相关（P＜0.01）;波段组合形式有效地优化了两波段指数的波段组合,在800～1 000 nm区间光谱参数（RVI_1046,1057、NDVI_1272,1279、DVI_1272,1279）的波段组合计算明显提升了其对LWC的敏感性;在不同的机器学习算法中,基于两波段组合光谱参数的KNN算法所见模型对LWC的预测效果（r=0.64,RMSE=2.35,RPD=2.01）优于ANN、SVR两种算法。这说明两波段光谱指数和KNN算法在春小麦叶片水分含量的高光谱遥感估算中具有一定的优势。  相似文献   

天山北坡城市群地表温度时空差异及贡献度分析     

梁洪武  阿里木江·卡斯木  赵禾苗  赵永玉 《干旱区研究》2022,39(2):388-399

城市化的加快推进使得土地利用变化加剧,进而导致城市热环境问题日益突出.基于2005年和2018年夏季的MYD21A2地表温度数据,运用空间统计学方法分析了LST的时空分布格局,并结合土地利用数据,通过贡献度指数,对天山北坡城市群地表覆盖类型和行政区划的源汇角色特征进行了分析.结果表明:(1)2005—2018年建设用地...  相似文献   

Iron and zinc grain density in common wheat grown in Central Asia   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Alexei Morgounov  Hugo Ferney Gómez-Becerra  Aigul Abugalieva  Mira Dzhunusova  M. Yessimbekova  Hafiz Muminjanov  Yu Zelenskiy  Levent Ozturk  Ismail Cakmak 《Euphytica》2007,155(1-2):193-203

Sixty-six spring and winter common wheat genotypes from Central Asian breeding programs were evaluated for grain concentrations of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). Iron showed large variation among genotypes, ranging from 25 mg kg⁻¹ to 56 mg kg⁻¹ (mean 38 mg kg⁻¹). Similarly, Zn concentration varied among genotypes, ranging between 20 mg kg⁻¹ and 39 mg kg⁻¹ (mean 28 mg kg⁻¹). Spring wheat cultivars possessed higher Fe-grain concentrations than winter wheats. By contrast, winter wheats showed higher Zn-grain concentrations than spring genotypes. Within spring wheat, a strongly significant positive correlation was found between Fe and Zn. Grain protein content was also significantly (P < 0.001) correlated with grain Zn and Fe content. There were strong significantly negative correlations between Fe and plant height, and Fe and glutenin content. Similar correlation coefficients were found for Zn. In winter wheat, significant positive correlations were found between Fe and Zn, and between Zn and sulfur (S). Manganese (Mn) and phosphorus (P) were negatively correlated with both Fe and Zn. The additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) analysis of genotype × environment interactions for grain Fe and Zn concentrations showed that genotype effects largely controlled Fe concentration, whereas Zn concentration was almost totally dependent on location effects. Spring wheat genotypes Lutescens 574, and Eritrospermum 78; and winter wheat genotypes Navruz, NA160/HEINEVII/BUC/3/F59.71//GHK, Tacika, DUCULA//VEE/MYNA, and JUP/4/CLLF/3/II14.53/ODIN//CI13431/WA00477, are promising materials for increasing Fe and Zn concentrations in the grain, as well as enhancing the concentration of promoters of Zn bioavailability, such as S-containing amino acids.  相似文献