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71.
Background:Bispecific antibodies represent an important class of mAbs, with great therapeutic potentials due to their ability to target simultaneously two distinct epitopes. The generation of functional bispecific antibodies with the highest possible yields is particularly critical for the production of these compounds on industrial scales. Anti- CD3 × CD19 bsAb is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) currently used for treating ALL. Herein, we have tried to optimize the expression level of this antibody in mammalian hosts. Methods:WPRE sequence was incorporated at the 3’ end of the expression cassette. This modification resulted in a notable about two-fold increase in the expression of the bsAb in the Expi293 cell line. Results & Conclusion:Follow-up flow cytometry analysis demonstrated the binding properties of the produced antibody at acceptable levels, and in vitro bioactivity assays showed that this product is potent enough for targeting and destroying CD19-positive cells. Our findings show that WPRE enhances the expression of this type of bispecific mAbs in HEK-293 family cell lines. This approach can be used in biopharma industry for the mass production of anti-CD3 × CD19 bispecific antibody. Key Words: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Bispecific antibodies, Monoclonal antibody  相似文献   
72.
European Journal of Plant Pathology - A bacterial disease of walnut (Juglans regia) has been observed in northwestern Iran during the summer of 2018 with symptoms similar to the shallow bark canker...  相似文献   
73.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus is causing the death of a large number of wild birds and poultry. HPAI H5N1 was reported in the north of Iran in 2011. In this study, two A/Chicken/Iran/271/2011 and A/Duck/Iran/178/2011 viruses were genetically characterized by sequence analysis of Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these viruses were different from previous Iranian isolates (Clade 2.2) and belonged to the subclade 2.3.2.1. The results showed that the detected viruses are almost identical to each other and closely related to HPAI H5N1 strains isolated in Mongolia in 2010. Based on the amino acid sequence analysis, these viruses at their HA cleavage sites contained the multibasic amino acid motif PQRERRRK-R/GLF lacking a lysine residue compared with the previous reports of the same motif. There is also a 20-amino acid deletion (resides 49–69) in the NA stalk similar to other viruses isolated after 2000. It seems that introduction of HPAI H5N1 to Iran might have happened by wild birds from Mongolian origin virus.  相似文献   
74.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The effects of feeding corn steep liquor (CSL; 420 g/kg crude protein, DM basis) along with different cereal grains on performance, digestibility,...  相似文献   
75.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein acid-labile subunit (IGFALS) encodes a protein which binds to IGF1 and IGFBP-3 to regulate the growth, differentiation, and other physiological processes. The aim of this study was the identification of allelic polymorphisms of the IGFALS gene using the PCR-RFLP technique and evaluation of their association with growth traits. For this end, 120 blood samples were randomly collected from each breed. Following amplification of an 1113-bp fragment of exon 1 and a part of intron 1 of the IGFLAS gene, genotyping was conducted by three restriction enzymes including HinfI, MscI, and PvuII. The results showed that only one allele was observed in IGFALS-PvuII site, while in IGFLAS-MscI site, three AA, AB, and BB genotypes with the frequencies of 17.5%, 32%, and 50.5% and 11%, 37.5%, and 51.5% were observed in Makouei and Ghezel sheep breeds, respectively. Additionally, in the IGFLAS-HinfI site, two AB and BB genotypes with the frequency of 34.2% and 65.8% were observed in Makouei sheep and AA, AB, and BB genotypes with the frequency of 9%, 21%, and 70% were observed in Ghezel sheep. So that, Makouei sheep with AB genotype had more chest girth (CG) compared with other genotypes. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between the genotypes of IGFLAS-HinfI with birth weight (BW) in Ghezel and BW, weaning weight (BW3), and CG in Makouei sheep. Haplotype analysis revealed an association between paternal haplotypes and BW in both Ghezel and Makouei breeds. So that, AAB and ABB haplotypes showed more BW than others in Makouei and Ghezel sheep, respectively.

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76.
The Apicomplexan parasite Besnoitia caprae infects wild and domestic goats. Knowledge on Besnoitia caprae specially an optimized animal model is sparse. Experimental infections with tachyzoites of BC-Pars obtained from BALB/c mice were conducted in outbred mice to determine the infectivity and LD50 of Besnoitia caprae. Six groups of five mice were intraperitoneally infected with 12.5 × 103, 25 × 103, 5 × 104, 1 × 105 and 2 × 105 tachyzoites and a control inoculum of DMEM, respectively. Although morbidity and mortality were observed in all groups, two mice in the 12.5 × 103 group showed alopecia and skin lesions on 60 days post-infection (DPI). Histopathological and molecular examination of skins confirmed B. caprae infection. The LD50 was calculated as 25 × 103.2 tachyzoites per mouse. The results indicate that outbred BALB/c mice can be used as a suitable model of besnoitiosis and to screen candidate treatments and to test the efficacy of vaccines for besnoitiosis.  相似文献   
77.
Effect of nickel (Ni) in the nutrient solution on yield, N metabolism, and nitrate content of leafy vegetables is poorly understood. The aim of this nutrient solution culture experiment was to investigate the effects of Ni supplementation on the nitrogen (N) metabolism and growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Baker) with either urea or nitrate as the N source. Nickel supplement at 0.04 μM reduced urea toxicity to the urea-fed plants. Addition of Ni to the nutrient solution significantly increased the leaves and root growth of the urea-fed lettuce plants while it increased the growth of lettuce plants fed with nitrate only at N level of 20 mM. At N level of 20 mM, the leaves fresh weight of the urea-fed plants promoted by Ni supplement was comparable with the nitrate-fed plants untreated with Ni. Nickel supplementation increased the leaf total N concentrations in the urea-fed plants, although the nitrate-fed plants accumulated greater N in their leaves compared with urea treated plants at without Ni treatment. Nickel addition decreased the concentrations of leaf urea-N in the urea-fed plants and NO3-N in the nitrate-fed plants. Nickel addition enhanced urease activity in the leaves of urea-fed plants. The results indicated Ni supplementation enhances the growth of the urea-fed lettuce plants while it has role in decreasing leaf nitrate concentration and thus, improving the health quality of the nitrate-fed plants.  相似文献   
78.
79.
A rapid, selective, and accurate quantitative 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy method was used for the chiral recognition of the racemic organophosphorus pesticide fenamiphos using chiral solvating agents (CSAs). Six neutral cyclodextrins (CDs) (α-CD, β-CD, methyl-β-CD, hydroxyethyl-β-CD, hydroxypropyl-β-CD, and hydroxypropyl-γ-CD) and two anionic CDs (carboxymethyl-β-CD and carboxyethyl-β-CD) were selected for these experiments. The shift displacement values (Δδ), after addition of each of the eight CDs in the highest possible molar ratio to a guest, were recorded. The results showed that β-CD and hydroxypropyl-β-CD were the best chiral solvating agents for the enantiomeric discrimination of fenamiphos. Two-dimension rotating frame nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy (ROESY) was used to investigate the structure of the β-CD-fenamiphos inclusion complex in aqueous solution. To determine the fenamiphos enantiomers, a calibration curve was drawn for two enantiomers over the range of 0.05-0.25 mg mL?1. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) were obtained as 0.0068 and 0.0060 mg mL?1 for fenamiphos enantiomers. The recovery studies were performed on aqueous real samples ranging from 94 to 107% with coefficients of variation of ≤ 9%.  相似文献   
80.
The current survey assessed 17 common behavioral complaints reported by 234 dog owners attending the Small Animal Hospital, University of Tehran using a questionnaire. According to the results, nearly 95% of dog owners reported at least 1 undesirable behavior in their dogs. Aggression toward other dogs and people, jumping up, and excessive barking were the most common behavioral complaints. Owners of large-breed dogs were more likely to complain about their dogs’ aggressive behaviors toward people/dogs and excessive barking compared with owners of small-breed dogs. Dogs without access to a yard were more likely to show phobia-associated behaviors, fearfulness, and separation-related behaviors, whereas those having access to a yard were more likely to show aggressive behaviors toward people/dogs and excessive barking. Interaction of dogs with people and type of reaction used by owners in response to the behavior were also related with some other behavioral characteristics of the animals.  相似文献   
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