Combining isotopic signatures of n(Sr)/n(Sr) and light stable elements (C,N, O,S) with multi-elemental profiling for the authentication of provenance of European cereal samples     

Daniel Goitom Asfaha  Christophe R. Quétel  Freddy Thomas  Micha Horacek  Bernhard Wimmer  Gerhard Heiss  Christian Dekant  Peter Deters-Itzelsberger  Stefan Hoelzl  Susanne Rummel  Christophe Brach-Papa  Marleen Van Bocxstaele  Eric Jamin  Malcolm Baxter  Katharina Heinrich  Simon Kelly  Daniela Bertoldi  Luana Bontempo  Federica Camin  Roberto Larcher  Matteo Perini  Andreas Rossmann  Antje Schellenberg  Claus Schlicht  Heinz Froeschl  Jurian Hoogewerff  Henriette Ueckermann 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011

The aim of this work (from the FP6 project TRACE) was to develop methods based on the use of geochemical markers for the authentication of the geographical origin of cereal samples in Europe (cf. EC regulations 2081/92 and 1898/06). For the first time, the potential usefulness of combining n(⁸⁷Sr)/n(⁸⁶Sr) and δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ¹⁸O and δ³⁴S isotopic signatures, alone or with key element concentrations ([Na], [K], [Ca], [Cu] and [Rb], progressively identified out of 31 sets of results), was investigated through multiple step multivariate statistics for more than 500 cereal samples collected over 2 years from 17 sampling sites across Europe representing an extensive range of geographical and environmental characteristics.  相似文献   

Time Course of In Vitro Maturation of Compact Cumulus Horse Oocytes after Roscovitine‐Induced Meiotic Inhibition: Effects on the Coordination Between Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Maturation     

A Lange Consiglio  S Arrighi  F Cremonesi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e313-e322

This study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of a pre‐maturation step in improving the coordination between cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation of horse compact cumulus oocytes by the addition of roscovitine (ROSC). Oocytes were collected by scraping and pre‐cultured for 18 h in a maturation medium TCM199 supplemented with pyruvate, LH, FSH, insulin growth factor (IGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, transferrin and selenium (IVM‐ROSC) or in a simple medium (M199‐ROSC). After pre‐maturation, oocytes from both the groups were in part denuded and fixed‐stained and in part in vitro matured to assess the kinetic of in vitro maturation (IVM). The nuclear progression and the cytoskeletal organization of microfilaments and cortical granules (CG) of treated and untreated oocytes were assessed by fluorescent probes. Oocytes immediately fixed after recovery and oocytes pre‐cultured in M199‐ROSC for 18 h did not show metaphase II (MII) plates, whereas in IVM‐ROSC group, 6/69 oocytes (8.7%) showed MII plates. After inhibition, during maturation kinetics at 11, 18 and 29 h, maturation rate of M199‐ROSC group progressively increased and at 29 h of IVM, reached the maturation rate of control group (13/66, 19.7% vs 31/125, 24.8%). No statistically significant differences in cytoplasmic maturation were found. The number of MII plates after 29 h of IVM, was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in IVM‐ROSC group (34/90) compared with M199‐ROSC (13/66) and control groups (31/125) as well as the number of oocytes with microfilaments and CG distributed in cortical region (25/34 vs 3/13 and 7/31 respectively). Our results showed that pre‐culturing in the presence of Roscovitine in a fully supplemented maturation medium containing gonadotropins and growth factors partially suppressed the meiotic maturation, but established a more suitable environment for improving cytoplasmic maturation of horse compact cumulus oocytes as defined by microfilaments and CG configuration.  相似文献   

The Bright Side of Gelatinous Blooms: Nutraceutical Value and Antioxidant Properties of Three Mediterranean Jellyfish (Scyphozoa)     

Antonella Leone  Raffaella Marina Lecci  Miriana Durante  Federica Meli  Stefano Piraino 《Marine drugs》2015,13(8):4654-4681

Jellyfish are recorded with increasing frequency and magnitude in many coastal areas and several species display biological features comparable to the most popular Asiatic edible jellyfish. The biochemical and antioxidant properties of wild gelatinous biomasses, in terms of nutritional and nutraceutical values, are still largely unexplored. In this paper, three of the most abundant and commonly recorded jellyfish species (Aurelia sp.1, Cotylorhiza tuberculata and Rhizostoma pulmo) in the Mediterranean Sea were subject to investigation. A sequential enzymatic hydrolysis of jellyfish proteins was set up by pepsin and collagenase treatments of jellyfish samples after aqueous or hydroalcoholic protein extraction. The content and composition of proteins, amino acids, phenolics, and fatty acids of the three species were recorded and compared. Protein content (mainly represented by collagen) up to 40% of jellyfish dry weight were found in two of the three jellyfish species (C. tuberculata and R. pulmo), whereas the presence of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was significantly higher in the zooxanthellate jellyfish C. tuberculata only. Remarkable antioxidant ability was also recorded from both proteinaceous and non proteinaceous extracts and the hydrolyzed protein fractions in all the three species. The abundance of collagen, peptides and other bioactive molecules make these Mediterranean gelatinous biomasses a largely untapped source of natural compounds of nutraceutical, cosmeceutical and pharmacological interest.  相似文献   

Genetic variability of the movement and coat protein genes of Grapevine fanleaf virus isolates from Italy     

Federica Terlizzi  Annamaria Pisi  Roberta Beber  Nicola Fiore  Alan Zamorano  Rino Credi  Claudio Ratti 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2015,81(1):63-67

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Methods of assessing the incidence of Armillaria root rot across viticultural areas and the pathogen's genetic diversity and spatial–temporal pattern in northern Italy     

Ilaria Pertot  Davide Gobbin  Federica De Luca  Daniele Prodorutti 《Crop Protection》2008,27(7):1061-1070

Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm. is the causal agent of root rots of numerous perennial woody plants, including grapevine. In grapevine, A. mellea infections cause reduced plant vigour, poor grape quality and, in the last stage of the disease, plant death. No post-infection control agents are available for use against this disease. Disease management programmes rely solely on prophylactic measures. Therefore, knowledge of the distribution pattern of the disease over time, disease incidence and actual losses due to the disease across geographical areas is crucial. We evaluated the use of aerial photographs, surveys of growers’ experiences and field assessments to estimate the incidence of Armillaria root rot in a viticultural area (140 ha) situated in the Piana Rotaliana region (Italy). Results of the 4-year assessment were that 25% of the vineyards (36 ha) were infected by Armillaria, 2% of the cultivated vines exhibited disease symptoms and 0.25% of the vines died each autumn. The causal agent was almost exclusively A. mellea but, in two cases, Armillaria gallica was also isolated. The genetic diversity of the Italian population, according to IGS sequencing and somatic incompatibility testing, was very high, suggesting multiple pathogen introduction sites and the slow, vegetative underground spread of the fungus. Fungal clones were found within individual vineyards. Even if, within a particular area, the disease is spreading very slowly and crop losses are limited (one vine out of 400 dies each year), an effective agronomic plan for the prevention of infections should be implemented.  相似文献   

Influence of agronomic factors on yield and quality of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre and implication for an innovative production system     

Stefano Amaducci  Alessandro Zatta  Federica Pelatti  Gianpietro Venturi 《Field Crops Research》2008

Research and development of an innovative production system for hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre for textile use requires the integration of multidisciplinary knowledge from cultivation technique to realization of end products. Research was carried out to study the effect of the agronomic factors cultivation year (2003–2004), genotype (Futura 75 and Tiborszallasi), plant population (120, 240 and 360 plants m⁻²) and harvesting time (beginning and full flowering) on fibre yield and quality in the whole hemp stem, and in the basal and apical stem portions separately. The study of separate stem portions was done to determine the effect on fibre quality of an innovative harvesting and processing system in which hemp stems are cut in two portions of approximately 1 m at harvest to enable processing on modern flax scutching lines.  相似文献   

Transanal pull-through rectal amputation for treatment of colorectal carcinoma in 11 dogs     

Morello E  Martano M  Squassino C  Iussich S  Caccamo R  Sammartano F  Zabarino S  Bellino C  Pisani G  Buracco P 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(5):420-426

Objective— To evaluate outcome after transanal rectal pull-through amputation of single colorectal adenocarcinoma and in situ carcinoma (T is ) in dogs.
Study Design— Retrospective case series.
Animals— Dogs (n=11) with colorectal cancer.
Methods— Full-thickness colorectal amputation by either simple transanal (7 dogs) or combined abdominal–transanal (4) pull-through technique.
Results— Adenocarcinoma (8) and T is (2) were removed with 3–6 cm of grossly normal tissue, cranial and caudal to the tumor, or in 1 T is with 2 cm grossly normal tissue, cranial and caudal. Two dogs that had a combined abdominal–transanal approach died within 4 days. In the other dogs, postoperative complications included short-term tenesmus (6 dogs), rectal bleeding (11), rectal stricture (3), and long-term fecal incontinence (1). Postoperative recurrence and metastatic rates for adenocarcinoma were 18.2% and 0%, respectively. Median disease-free interval and survival time were not reached. Mean disease-free and overall survival times were 44.3 and 44.6 months (range, 0–75 months), respectively.
Conclusion— En bloc excision of colorectal T is and adenocarcinoma may be followed by a long survival. Complications of the transanal approach are usually moderate and self-limiting, but complications are more common and severe when more extensive resections are performed through a combined abdominal–transanal approach.
Clinical Relevance— Transanal rectal pull-through amputation is suitable for en bloc resection of colorectal neoplasia. A combined abdominal–transanal approach should be reserved for tumors extending from the mid-cranial region of the rectum to the descending colon.  相似文献   

Alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein is contained in bovine neutrophil granules and released after activation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rahman MM  Miranda-Ribera A  Lecchi C  Bronzo V  Sartorelli P  Franciosi F  Ceciliani F 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,125(1-2):71-81

The present study was designed to investigate the capability of bovine neutrophil granulocytes to produce the minor acute phase protein alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP, Orososmucoid). Bovine neutrophils contain a high MW (50-60kDa) AGP isoform (PMN-AGP), as determined by Western blotting and confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. The presence of AGP in bovine neutrophils has been confirmed by fluorescence immunocytometry. In addition, bovine neutrophils contain also a 42-45kDa isoform, which has the same MW as plasma-, liver-delivered, AGP. cDNA sequence of plasma- and PMN-AGP revealed that (i) the two proteins are products of the same gene; (ii) the differences in molecular weight are due do different post-translational modifications. This result was confirmed by deglycosylation of the two glycoforms. Exocytosis studies showed that isolated neutrophils exposed to several challengers, including Zymosan activated serum (ZAS) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which mimic the inflammatory activation, released PMN-AGP as early as 15min. AGP's mRNA is physiologically expressed by mature resting neutrophils. Real-time PCR on LPS, ZAS and PMA challenged cells revealed that the level of expression apparently does not increase after inflammatory activation. Collectively, the findings reported in this paper proved that PMN-AGP: (i) is a hyperglycosylated glycoform of plasma AGP, (ii) is stored in granules, and (iii) is released by neutrophils in response to activation. Due to its anti-inflammatory activity, PMN-AGP may work as a fine tuning of the neutrophils functions in the inflammatory focus, i.e. it can reduce the damages caused by an excess of inflammatory response.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Mucometra     

Baron ML  Morandi F  Hecht S  Leblanc AK 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,233(9):1401-1402

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Bovine alpha-1 acid glycoprotein can reduce the chemotaxis of bovine monocytes and modulate CD18 expression     

Lecchi C  Ceciliani F  Bernasconi S  Franciosi F  Bronzo V  Sartorelli P 《Veterinary research》2008,39(5):50

The acute phase protein alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP--Orosomucoid) is a lipocalin with immunomodulatory functions. The present study provides evidence that the plasma glycoforms of AGP inhibit the migration of bovine monocytes in response to classical chemoattractants. The inhibition is specific, since neutrophils are apparently not affected. To investigate the molecular basis of this finding, the expression of the molecules mostly involved in chemotaxis, including CD18, CD11b and CD47 was studied. It was found that the incubation of activated monocytes with acute phase concentration of AGP (0.9 mg/mL) induces a down-regulation of CD18, and has no apparent influence on CD11b and CD47. RT-PCR expression studies on CD18, CD11b and CD47 mRNA revealed that AGP treatment does not modify the expression rate of these genes. Since AGP treatment is related to a down-regulation of CD18 on the surface of the monocytes, the authors suggest that one of its possible functions consists in specifically reducing the firm adhesion phase of bovine monocytes to the endothelium.  相似文献