Virulence factors in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection and pyometra cases and from feces of healthy dogs     

Siqueira AK  Ribeiro MG  Leite Dda S  Tiba MR  Moura Cd  Lopes MD  Prestes NC  Salerno T  Silva AV 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(2):206-210

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of virulence genes in 158 Escherichia coli strains isolated from 51 clinical cases of UTIs, 52 of pyometra and from 55 fecal samples from healthy dogs by PCR. papC was found in 12 (23.5%) strains isolated from UTIs, 19 (36.5%) from pyometra and 10 (18.2%) from feces. papGII was observed in 3 (5.8%) strains from pyometra, and papGIII in 10 (19.6%) from UTIs, 15 (28.8%) from pyometra and 9 (16.4%) from feces. sfaS was detected in 22 (43.1%) strains from UTIs, 24 (46.1%) from pyometra and 19 (34.5%) from feces. hlyA was observed in 17 (33.3%) strains from UTIs, 18 (34.6%) from pyometra and 7 (12.7%) from feces, while cnf-1 was detected in 11 (21.6%) from UTIs, 21 (40.4%) from pyometra and 9 (16.4%) from feces. iucD was observed in 12 (23.5%) strains from UTIs, 9 (17.3%) from pyometra and 1 (1.8%) from feces. usp was found 17 (33.3%) isolates from UTIs and 36 (69.9%) from pyometra.  相似文献   

Vulnerability of ten eucalyptus varieties to predation by cattle in a silvopastoral system     

Maria Fernanda Guerreiro  Maria Luiza Franceschi Nicodemo  Vanderley Porfírio-da-Silva 《Agroforestry Systems》2015,89(4):743-749

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Removal of Chromium, Copper, and Nickel from an Electroplating Effluent Using a Flocculent Brewer’s Yeast Strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Manuela D. Machado  Helena M. V. M. Soares  Eduardo V. Soares 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,212(1-4):199-204

The release of heavy metals in aquatic systems due to the discharge of industrial wastewaters is a matter of environmental concern. Heat-inactivated cells of a flocculent strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used in the bioremediation, in a batch mode, of a real electroplating effluent containing Cu, Ni, and Cr. In this approach, no previous reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was required. Cr(VI) was selectively removed (98%) by yeast biomass at pH 2.3. At this pH, Cr(VI) is mainly in the form of HCrO ₄ ^? and yeast surface is surrounded by H⁺ ions, which enhance the Cr(VI) interaction with biomass binding sites by electrostatic forces. Subsequently, pH of the effluent was raised up to 6.0; this pH maximizes the efficiency of cations removal since at this pH the main binding groups of yeast cells are totally or partially deprotonated. The passage of effluent through a series of sequential batches, at pH 6.0, allowed, after the third batch, the removal of Cu(II), Ni (II), Cr total, and Cr(VI) in the effluent to values below the legal limit of discharge. The strategy proposed in the present work can be used in plants for the treatment of heavy metals rich industrial effluents containing simultaneously Cr(VI) and Cr(III).  相似文献   

The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and cattle manure in the establishment of Tocoyena selloana Schum. in mined dune areas     

Renata Gomes de Souza  Bruno Tomio Goto  Danielle Karla Alves da Silva  Fábio Sérgio Barbosa da Silva  Everardo V.S.B. Sampaio  Leonor Costa Maia 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2010,46(3-4):237-242

In mined dune areas, revegetation with manured seedlings of native species is a common practice. Establishment of mycorrhized Tocoyena selloana seedlings in the mined coastal sand dunes of Northeast Brazil was tested. In greenhouse, seedlings were grown in substrates with 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20% cattle manure proportions and inoculated with Acaulospora longula, a mixture of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) or uninoculated. The seedlings responded positively to the inoculation, but growth was limited in the absence of manure, independently of inoculation, and was higher with fertilizing doses ≥10%. The seedlings transplanted to the field were grown in a substrate with 16.5% manure and inoculated with A. longula or Gigaspora albida. After 13 months, 19 AMF species were identified in the rhizosphere and the inoculated plants were more colonized than those uninoculated. Plants associated to G. albida were taller and those associated to A. longula had a tendency of higher biomass than the uninoculated ones. Even though this tendency was not statistically significant, considering the effect on height and the low cost of inoculation it may be a feasible practice to maximize environment restoration.  相似文献   

Carbon‐mineralization kinetics in an organically managed Cambic Arenosol amended with organic fertilizers     

Henrique M. Ribeiro  David Fangueiro  Fátima Alves  Ernesto Vasconcelos  João Coutinho  Roland Bol  Fernanda Cabral 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2010,173(1):39-45

The dynamics of C mineralization in an organically managed Cambic Arenosol amended with hen manure, a stabilized compost (compost), and three different combinations of both fertilizers (varying from a 1:100 to a 1:10 ratio) were studied during an incubation experiment to estimate the potential of such combinations to preserve/restore soil C content relative to single applications. A strong increase of the CO₂‐C emissions relative to the unamended soil (control) was observed after soil application of all five organic‐fertilizer treatments. A significantly higher amount of applied C was lost in hen‐manure treatment (648 mg CO₂‐C [g C applied]^–1) when compared to compost (159 mg CO₂‐C [g C applied]^–1) or to the three combined treatments (176–195 mg CO₂‐C [g C applied]^–1). The first‐order exponential model and the double exponential model were used to fit the C‐mineralization data in the treatments considered. Results showed that mixing “small” amounts of hen manure with compost did not affect the total amount of potentially mineralizable C, but significantly increased the mineralization rate constant. Clearly, combinations of both fertilizers promoted an initial faster mineralization of the organic matter, and consequently a faster release of nutrients, without affecting the total amount of C sequestered in soil.  相似文献   

Higher breeding densities of the threatened little bustard Tetrax tetrax occur in larger grassland fields: Implications for conservation     

João Paulo Silva  Jorge M. Palmeirim 《Biological conservation》2010,143(11):2553-2558

Previous studies have found that densities of little bustard Tetrax tetrax breeding males tend to be higher in areas with smaller agricultural fields, presumably due to increased habitat diversity. However, exceptionally high densities have been found in large grassland fields in Portugal, which suggests that the influence of field size varies geographically, and that the role of this factor is not yet fully understood, despite its importance as a key management issue.We studied how field size, together with vegetation structure, influences the presence and density of breeding little bustards in a region of southern Portugal. Fifty-four grassland fields were sampled in 2007 and another 29 in 2008, with sizes ranging from 23 to 172 ha. A total of 183 breeding males were found in 47 of these fields, reaching densities of up to 37 males/100 ha. A higher probability of occurrence of breeding males was found in larger fields with a vegetation height below 40 cm and field size alone explained 46% of the variability in male density. These results suggest that larger continuous areas of suitable habitat attract many males, most likely as a consequence of their lek mating system. We conclude that conservation efforts, in a landscape context of large farm sizes, should: (1) be channelled to farms with large fields; (2) ensure adequate livestock grazing to create suitable habitat and (3) promote management at a landscape level to ensure the most continuous grassland habitat patches possible.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Total and Faecal Coliforms and Salmonella spp. in Irradiated Mussels from Brazil     

Flaivia Aline Andrade Calixto  Eliana de Faitima Marques de Mesquita  Robson Maia Franco  Cynthia Annes Rubiao  Neila Mello dos Santos Cortez  Mauro Carlos Lopes Souza  Licinio Esmeraldo da Silva 《农业科学与技术》2012,(4):511-519

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Characterization of Pro-embryogenic Calli and Somatic Embryogenesis of Byrsonima intermedia A. Juss.     

Luciano Coutinho Silva  Renato Paiva  Diogo Pedrosa Correa Da Silva  Sandro Barbosa  Rairys CravoHerrera  Lisete Chamma Davide  Patricia Duarte De Oliveira Paiva 《农业科学与技术》2012,(8):962-970

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Foreword: Integrated plant disease management     

Michael Jeger  Maria Ivone da Clara  Alan Phillips  Dale Walters  Piet Boonekamp 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,133(1):1

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Essential oils for preventative treatment and control of Asian soybean rust     

André Costa da Silva  Paulo Estev?o de Souza  José Eduardo Brasil Pereira Pinto  Bruno Marques da Silva  Douglas Carvalho Amaral  Eudes de Arruda Carvalho 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,134(4):865-871

The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of essential oils as a preventive treatment to control Asian soybean rust. Initially the fungitoxic effect of the essential oils of Hyptis marrubioides, Aloysia gratissima and Cordia verbenacea was tested on the urediniospores of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, through in vitro tests. The in vivo test was set up in a greenhouse, using cultivar MGBR-46. The treatments consisted of the three oils at different concentrations, a fungicide based on pyraclostrobin + epoxyconazole and a control. To verify the potential of the essential oils in preventive treatment, inoculation was conducted at 0, 6, 12 and 24?h intervals, after application of the treatments. All treatments inhibited 100% of Phakopsora pachyrhizi germination. In the in vivo test, it was observed that all of the oils were efficient in controlling soybean rust, by preventive treatment, mainly at the higher concentrations. Efficiency of the oils was reduced with the increase of the interval between the application of the treatments and the onset of the pathogen. The essential oils, at the tested dosages, were not as efficient as the pyraclostrobin + epoxyconazole based fungicide.  相似文献