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11.
Marziyeh Sadat Javadi Javad Mokhtari Mahdi Nouri Firouzmehr Mazaheri 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(6):920-925
The cationic softeners containing MCT (monochloro-s-triazinyl) reactive dyes were employed on the dyeing of cotton fabrics. The substantivity, exhaustion, and fixation of the dyes were investigated. It was found that these functional dyes could be effectively introduced to cotton fibers to achieve simultaneous coloration and functional finishing effects. All the dyed fabrics exhibited softening efficacy. The dyes offered excellent washing fastness on cotton substrate. Light fastnesses of the dyes on the substrate were poor. 相似文献
12.
The adsorption coefficients of boric acid in a sandy loam and an organic loamy clay measured by batch equilibration were about twice as high as by elution from cylinders of soil aggregates. The latter values gave predicted rates of leaching which agreed with those observed in a field experiment under winter rainfall.Adsorption coefficients of weakly adsorbed solutes are easily measured from elution experiments in the laboratory and appear suitable for field use. They avoid the difficulties of incorporating reaction velocity constants and correcting empirically for the number of adsorption sites, which are required when the coefficients are measured by batch equilibration. 相似文献
13.
In this study, the effects of enzymes on wool yarn in the presence of different salts (ammonium sulfate, sodium tetraborate,
and di-sodium hydrogen phosphate) were investigated. Alcalase 2,5 LDX and Savinase 16 LEX were selected as proteolytic enzymes.
In addition, the effects of surfactants (Sandozin NRW, Irgasol NA, Erkantol NR, and Sandozin EH) on the enzyme treatment of
wool yarn were evaluated. The results indicated that the effects of enzymes on wool yarn were greatest in the presence of
sodium tetraborate. Furthermore, the properties of wool yarn such as weight loss, strength loss, and hairiness were influenced
by these surfactants. The SEM images of the treated samples confirmed the obtained results. 相似文献
14.
Niyaz Mohammad Mahmoodi Fereshteh Moghimi Mokhtar Arami Firoozmehr Mazaheri 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(2):234-240
Degumming is a surface modification process of natural fibers such as silk. In this paper, the feasibility of degumming of
Persian silk by microwave irradiation as an environmentally friendly surface modification technique was investigated. The
physical properties of the degummed silk were investigated. The effectiveness of parameters such as microwave irradiation
time, surfactant, soap, and degumming time on silk degumming were studied. The evaluation of the data was carried out through
the measurement of the weight loss, strength, and elongation of the samples. The scanning electron microscope images were
obtained for degummed silk samples. The findings of this research support the potential production of new environmentally
friendly textile fibers using microwave irradiation. 相似文献
15.
Erysipelas was diagnosed in 1998 from 34-wk-old laying hens in a free range flock in Germany. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae of serotype 1 was cultured from internal organs of the affected birds. This article describes the pathogenicity of the field isolate of E. rhusiopathiae in experimentally infected specific pathogen-free (SPF) laying hens. Three experiments were performed with SPF chickens inoculated at 17, 27, and 37 wk of age by either intramuscular (IM) or oral route. Inoculated birds were observed for 14 days. The highest mortality rates occurred in older birds, with 100% mortality observed in the 37-wk-old birds inoculated IM, 60% mortality reported in the younger 27-wk-old birds, and no mortality in the 17-wk-old age group. In the orally infected 27-wk-old birds, 40% mortality was detected, whereas no mortality was observed in the oldest birds by the same route. The results of the experiments support the contention that older birds are more sensitive to infection than younger birds and that mortality in laying hens is age related and dependent on the route of infection. 相似文献