Effects of enzymatic deamidation by protein-glutaminase on structure and functional properties of wheat gluten   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yong YH  Yamaguchi S  Matsumura Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(16):6034-6040

Protein-glutaminase (PG) purified from Chryseobacterium proteolyticum was used to investigate its deamidation effects on wheat gluten. Water-insoluble gluten was able to be deamidated to the extent of deamidation degree (DD) 72% in 200 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7) at 40 degrees C for 30 h. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited an upper shift of gluten bands with only deamidation for 1.5-2.0 h (DD 35-45%) compared to the bands of nondeamidated gluten. Results of Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed alterations in secondary structure of gluten by PG deamidation. The assignment within amide I region showed decreases in both inter- (around 1695 cm(-1)) and intramolecular beta-sheets (around 1680 cm(-1)) by deamidation suggesting the deterioration of the aggregation ability of gluten molecules. Solubility and emulsification properties of gluten at pH 7 were improved by deamidation, while both properties at pH 3 were deteriorated by deamidation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay identified that allergenicity of deamidated gluten as compared to the nondeamidated cohorts was decreased remarkably as the deamidation time was prolonged.  相似文献   

Comment on "Abiotic pyrite formation produces a large Fe isotope fractionation"     

Czaja AD  Johnson CM  Yamaguchi KE  Beard BL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6068):538; author reply 538

Guilbaud et al. (Reports, 24 June 2011, p. 1548) suggest that the geologic record of Fe isotope fractionation can be explained by abiological precipitation of pyrite. We argue that a detailed understanding of the depositional setting, mineralogy, and geologic history of Precambrian sedimentary rocks indicates that the Fe isotope record dominantly reflects biological fractionations and Fe redox processes.  相似文献   

Variation in heading date conceals quantitative trait loci for other traits of importance in breeding selection of rice     

Kiyosumi Hori  Tomomori Kataoka  Kiyoyuki Miura  Masayuki Yamaguchi  Norikuni Saka  Takahiro Nakahara  Yoshihiro Sunohara  Kaworu Ebana  Masahiro Yano 《Breeding Science》2012,62(3):223-234

To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the primary target traits for selection in practical rice breeding programs, backcross inbred lines (BILs) derived from crosses between temperate japonica rice cultivars Nipponbare and Koshihikari were evaluated for 50 agronomic traits at six experimental fields located throughout Japan. Thirty-three of the 50 traits were significantly correlated with heading date. Using a linkage map including 647 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a total of 122 QTLs for 38 traits were mapped on all rice chromosomes except chromosomes 5 and 9. Fifty-eight of the 122 QTLs were detected near the heading date QTLs Hd16 and Hd17 and the remaining 64 QTLs were found in other chromosome regions. QTL analysis of 51 BILs having homozygous for the Koshihikari chromosome segments around Hd16 and Hd17 allowed us to detect 40 QTLs associated with 27 traits; 23 of these QTLs had not been detected in the original analysis. Among the 97 QTLs for the 30 traits measured in multiple environments, the genotype-by-environment interaction was significant for 44 QTLs and not significant for 53 QTLs. These results led us to propose a new selection strategy to improve agronomic performance in temperate japonica rice cultivars.  相似文献   

Normal calves produced after transfer of embryos cultured in a chemically defined medium supplemented with epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor I following ovum pick up and in vitro fertilization in Japanese black cows     

Sakagami N  Umeki H  Nishino O  Uchiyama H  Ichikawa K  Takeshita K  Kaneko E  Akiyama K  Kobayashi S  Tamada H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(1):140-146

The objective of this study was to examine whether high concentrations of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and/or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) would have a beneficial effect on bovine embryo development in vitro and to obtain normal calves by using an ovum pick up method and embryo culture in a chemically defined medium. When compared with controls, EGF (100 or 200 ng/ml) or IGF-I (50 or 100 ng/ml) significantly increased the rate of embryos that developed into blastocysts during an 8-day culture after the in vitro fertilization of oocytes obtained from ovaries from a slaughterhouse. IGF-I induced a dose-dependent increase in cell number in both the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm, whereas EGF stimulated proliferation only in the inner cell mass. A combination of EGF (100 ng/ml) and IGF-I (50 ng/ml) produced an additive effect, and embryos developed into blastocysts at a comparatively high rate (27.9%) compared with controls (12.0%). A similar rate of development was achieved using a combination of EGF and IGF-I in the culture of embryos following ovum pick up by ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular aspiration and in vitro fertilization, and 5 blastocysts that developed after the culture were transferred into uteri; two embryos implanted, and normal calves were born. These results suggest that the combined use of EGF and IGF-I makes bovine embryo culture in a chemically defined medium a practical and useful procedure for producing blastocysts, and its application to embryo culture following ovum pick up and in vitro fertilization could be useful for producing normal calves.  相似文献   

Risk assessment of ozone impact on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fagus crenata</Emphasis> in Japan: consideration of atmospheric nitrogen deposition     

Makoto?Watanabe  Masahiro?Yamaguchi  Hideyuki?Matsumura  Yoshihisa?Kohno  Takeshi?IzutaEmail author 《European Journal of Forest Research》2012,131(2):475-484

Tropospheric ozone (O₃) is considered to be the air pollutant relating to the decline of Fagus crenata forest in Japan. In the present study, we assessed a risk of O₃ impact on the growth of F. crenata in Japan, giving consideration to the effects associated with atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition based on the experimental study, national monitoring data for oxidant concentration and atmospheric N deposition, and a national vegetation survey. The average and maximum O₃-induced relative growth reduction (RG_red) of F. crenata across Japan were estimated to be 3.2 and 9.7%, respectively. Current levels of atmospheric N deposition were found to significantly affect the sensitivity of F. crenata to O₃. When the N deposition was assumed as zero, the estimated average and maximum RG_red were 2.3% and 5.7%, respectively. The inclusion of atmospheric N deposition data thus increased the estimated values for average and maximum RG_red (by 38% and 71%, respectively). Our results demonstrate that a change in the sensitivity to O₃ associated with atmospheric N deposition is an important consideration in the risk assessment of O₃ impact on the growth of F. crenata in Japan.  相似文献   

Synthesis and antifungal activity of imidazole-1-carboxylates     

Tetsuya Imai  Hisashi Takao  Kunio Yamaguchi  Toshiro Uchida  Takeshi Goto  Noriharu Umetsu 《Pest management science》1992,34(2):119-125

A series of imidazole-1-carboxylates was prepared by reacting various alcohols with trichloromethyl chloroformate and imidazole or N,N'-carbonyl-diimidazole. They were tested for fungitoxic activity in vitro against two phytopathogenic fungi, Botrytis cinerea (grey mould) and Gibberella fujikuroi, and for preventive efficacy against grey mould on cucumber leaves. 1-(4-Substituted phenoxymethyl)-2,2-dimethylpropylimidazole-1-carboxylates showed excellent in-vitro activity against B. cinerea, and moderate activity against G. fujikuroi, and some of them also effectively controlled grey mould in vivo. A 1H-1,2,4-triazole derivative corresponding to an imidazole derivative did not have any activity, while a thiocarboxylate corresponding to an imidazole carboxylate showed excellent activity against both B. cinerea and G. fujikuroi.  相似文献   

Comparative studies of the persistence of animal mycoplasmas under different environmental conditions     

Nagatomo H  Takegahara Y  Sonoda T  Yamaguchi A  Uemura R  Hagiwara S  Sueyoshi M 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,82(3):223-232

A comparison of the persistence of mycoplasmas in animals was carried out. When inoculated into liquid media, strains of Mycoplasma bovis, M. arginini, Acholeplasma laidlawii, and A. axanthum persisted for 59-185 days post-inoculation. The survival periods were not significantly influenced by temperature (4, 30, 37 degrees C, and room temperature). The survival periods for M. bovigenitalium, M. gallisepticum, M. bovirhinis, and M. gateae ranged from <7 to 185 days depending on medium components and temperature. Further, it was determined that strains of M. bovigenitalium, M. bovis, M. bovirhinis, M. arginini, and A. laidlawii persisted in a dry paper disc for at most 28, 126, 154, 56 and over >168 days at 4 degrees C, respectively. At 4 degrees C, strains of M. gallisepticum, M. columborale, M. edwardii, M. felis, and M. gateae survived for at most 28, 21, 42, 28, 28 and 70 days, respectively. At 30 degrees C, strains of M. bovis, M. bovirhinis, M. arginini, A. laidlawii, and M. gallisepticum persisted for at most 28, 84, 56, >168 and 14 days, respectively, but strains of M. gallisepticum, M. columborale, M. edwardii, M. felis, M. gateae, and U. diversum did not survive for more than 14 days. In an outdoor environment, strains of M. bovirhinis and A. laidlawii survived for at most 28 and 14 days, respectively. Finally, it was found that 14 isolates of M. gallisepticum persisted for periods similar to those of the reference strains. The results under dry conditions at a variety of temperatures presented contribute to understanding the epizootiology of mycoplasmal infections in the field.  相似文献   

Genomic gene encoding manganese peroxidase from a white-rot fungus Phanerochaete crassa WD1694     

Mariko Takano  Muneysohi Yamaguchi  Hiroaki Sano  Masaya Nakamura  Hajime Shibuya  Yasumasa Miyazaki 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(2):141-148

The gene encoding manganese peroxidase of a white-rot fungus Phanerochaete crassa WD1694 was cloned and sequenced. Four genomic clones were sequenced in which 3 clones were existed as alleles. The analysis of intron–exon structures divided the 4 clones into three subfamilies that corresponded to mnp2 and mnp3 of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and a new subfamily possessing only five introns. The purified P. crassa WD1694 MnP consisted of 4 isozymes with same molecular weight, same N-terminal sequence, and different pI. N-terminal sequence of deduced protein of P. crassa mnpB3 gene was identical to those of 4 MnP isozymes; however, the other 3 mnp genes had different N-terminal sequence. The molecular weight of encoded mature protein of mnpB3 gene and purified MnP had a gap that could be difference between MnP proteins encoded by single gene. The results suggested that 4 MnP isozymes of P. crassa WD1694 arose from single gene.  相似文献   

Assessment of the decay risk of airborne wood-decay fungi III: decay risks at different sampling sites     

Ikuo Momohara  Yuko Ota  Takehiro Yamaguchi  Makoto Ishihara  Yoshihiro Takahata  Hajime Kosaka 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(5):442-447

The decay risk of airborne wood-decay fungi in the same volume of air was investigated by using an air sampler over the course of a year at three different sampling sites. Japanese cedar disks measuring 7.8 cm in diameter and about 3 mm in thickness, and with a moisture content of about 100 % were placed in a “BIOSAMP” air sampler and then exposed to 1000 l of air in the northern, central, and southwest parts of Japan. The exposed disks were incubated for 20 weeks in a damp container maintained at 26 ± 2 °C and degraded by fungi trapped on the disks. The decay risk was calculated from the mass loss during incubation, and the factors affecting the said risk were explored. The results showed that sampling sites apparently do not affect decay risk, even though the Scheffer’s climate indexes of the sites were quite different. The relation between the sampling month and decay risk reveals that decay risk remains virtually the same year-round. Relative humidity on a sampling day is one of the key factors affecting decay risk in sampling conducted at the central or southwest site. In contrast, no weather factors influenced decay risk at the northern sampling site.  相似文献   

Spontaneous Malignant T Cell Lymphoma in a Young Male Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)     

Itaru Yamaguchi  Kensuke Myojo  Hiroko Sanada  Eri Sudo  Sayaka Ootsuka  Hiroshi Okumura  Atsuko Takami  Tomomi Yoneshige  Yui Suzuki  Minami Imaizumi  Chie Takada  Naoya Kimoto  Koji Saeki  Katsumi Takaba 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(3):301-307

We histopathologically and immunohistochemically investigated a case of malignant lymphoma that spontaneously developed in a male common marmoset at two years of age. Beginning at two years four months of age, the animal had an enlargement of the submandibular and inguinal lymph nodes, small subcutaneous nodules near the right breast and an approximately fivefold increase in peripheral lymphocyte count compared with the previous examination value. The postmortem findings at two years eight months of age showed lymphadenopathy with enlargement of the thymus and spleen. Small- to intermediate-sized neoplastic lymphocytes had diffusely proliferated in the enlarged nodes. The neoplastic cells were pleomorphic and had irregularly shaped nuclei. The nuclear chromatin staining revealed hyperchromatism in the small-sized cells, and the intermediate-sized cells exhibited vesicular staining. An immunohistochemical examination indicated that the neoplastic lymphocytes were positive for CD3 and negative for CD20, thus suggesting that they had originated from T cells. In addition, the proliferation of high endothelial venules and reactive epithelioid histiocytes was observed. Scattered tingible body-laden macrophages were infrequently detected. Neoplastic lymphocytes were also observed in the thymus, spleen, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, adrenal glands and femoral and sternal bone marrow. This malignant lymphoma in a young male common marmoset was considered to fit the category of “peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS)” according to the new WHO system of classification.  相似文献