Humus composition of mountain soils in Central Japan with special reference to the distribution of P type humic acid     

Kyoichi Kumada  Osamu Sato  Yasuo Ohsumi  Shinobu Ohta 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):151-158

The central districts of Japan are mountainous areas rising to 3,000 metres which are predominantly covered with forest vegetation. A comprehensive and systematic classification of the soils in this region has not yet been made, but the following soil types have been reported to occur: - 1. 1. Brown forest soils, podzolic soils, black soils and red soils. [Described by OHMASA (14)]

2. 2. Alpine grassland soils and alpine meadow soils. [Described by KUMADA et al. (9)]

3. 3. A series of randzina-like soils with a very restricted distribution. These are derived mainly from limestone and show various degrees of maturity. [Described by KUMADA et al. (8)]

4. 4. Red-yellow soils. These sometimes show a close resemblance to OHMASA's red soils and are found on diluvial plateaux and hills. [Described by KANNO (1)]

5. 5. Paddy soils.

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Purification and characterization of polyphenol oxidase from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.)     

Rahman AN  Ohta M  Nakatani K  Hayashi N  Fujita S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(14):3673-3678

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of cauliflower was purified to 282-fold with a recovery rate of 8.1%, using phloroglucinol as a substrate. The enzyme appeared as a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The estimated molecular weight of the enzyme was 60 and 54 kDa by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, respectively. The purified enzyme, called phloroglucinol oxidase (PhO), oxidized phloroglucinol (K(m) = 3.3 mM) and phloroglucinolcarboxylic acid. The enzyme also had peroxidase (POD) activity. At the final step, the activity of purified cauliflower POD was 110-fold with a recovery rate of 3.2%. The PhO and POD showed the highest activity at pH 8.0 and 4.0 and were stable in the pH range of 3.0-11.0 and 5.0-8.0 at 5 °C for 20 h, respectively. The optimum temperature was 55 °C for PhO and 20 °C for POD. The most effective inhibitor for PhO was sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at 10 mM (IC(50) = 0.64 and K(i) = 0.15 mM), and the most effective inhibitor for POD was potassium cyanide at 1.0 mM (IC(50) = 0.03 and K(i) = 29 μM).  相似文献   

Phenotypic changes in reproductive traits with changes in stock size of the starspotted smooth-hound Mustelus manazo in Tokyo Bay, Japan     

Jeong-Chae Park  Masaaki Oyama  Jeong-Hoon Lee  Keita Kodama  Yasuhiko Ohta  Atsuko Yamaguchi  Hiroaki Shiraishi  Toshihiro Horiguchi 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(2):193-201

Reproductive traits are among the primary determinants of population dynamics, and their changes could affect stock size. We investigated differences in reproductive traits of the starspotted smooth-hound Mustelus manazo in Tokyo Bay between the 1990s (a low-stock period) and the 2000s (a high-stock period). Peak timings of mating (May–July), ovulation (May–June), and parturition (May–June) were similar between the two periods. However, the size at first maturity in the 2000s was smaller than that in the 1990s for both sexes. In addition, embryo-related parameters differed greatly between the two periods. Slopes of size–fecundity regression in the 2000s decreased to 43–73 % of the 1990–1996 values, suggesting a substantial decline in fecundity during the 2000s. Frequency distribution of the maximum ovum diameter during the ovulation season showed two distinct two modes in 1990s while it showed a substantial dispersion during the 2000s, implying that changes occurred in the developmental pattern of ova in the ovary. Undeveloped eggs were present in the uteri with low frequency from September to May during the 2000s, but they were totally absent from September through May in the 1990s. The increased number of remnant undeveloped eggs that did not become embryos may explain the fecundity decline during the 2000s.  相似文献   

Photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile elite lines for hybrid wheat breeding,showing high cross-pollination fertility under long-day conditions     

K. Murai  H. Ohta  M. Kurushima  N. Ishikawa 《Euphytica》2016,208(2):313-321

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cDNA cloning and mRNA expression of canine pancreatic and duodenum homeobox 1 (Pdx-1)     

Takemitsu H  Yamamoto I  Lee P  Ohta T  Mori N  Arai T 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):770-775

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Maternal high‐fat diet promotes onset of diabetes in rat offspring          下载免费PDF全文

Takeshi Ohta  Yasufumi Toriniwa  Naruhiko Ryumon  Nobuhiro Inaba  Tadaaki Hirao  Saori Yamanaka  Takayuki Maeno  Wakako Sakakibara  Morio Sumikawa  Kaoru Chiba  Akiko Nakamura  Katsuhiro Miyajima  Fatchiyah Fatchiyah  Takahisa Yamada 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):149-155

The onset and progression of type II diabetes is closely related to environmental factors, in particular dietary habit. Moreover, the environmental exposures very early in life can influence the risk for development of type II diabetes later in life. In this study, we investigated pathophysiological changes in the pups of maternal Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rats that were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) throughout gestation and lactation. Maternal SDT rats were continued on HFD for 5 weeks, from day 8 of gestation to day 21 after birth, and biological analyses of the pups were performed from 2 to 22 weeks of age. Results of serum lipid levels in pups from dams fed HFD were higher than pups from dams fed a standard diet, and the onset of diabetes was significantly accelerated in pups from dams fed HFD. In pathological analyses, pups from dams fed HFD showed increases in liver weight and vacuolation of hepatic cells at 2 weeks of age. In conclusion, the metabolic disorder of lipids and glucose in SDT rats is closely related to the nutritional condition of dams during the periods of gestation and lactation.  相似文献   

Diverse morphological and cytogenetic variation and differentiation of the two subspecies in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aegilops geniculata</Emphasis> Roth,a wild relative of wheat     

Shoji Ohta 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(8):2009-2020

Aegilops geniculata Roth, a wild relative of wheat (2n = 4x = 28, genome UUMM), is distributed over the Mediterranean basin and nearby areas. The species consists of two subspecies, subsp. geniculata and subsp. gibberosa (Zhuk.) Hammer. The former is distributed over the whole species area and has been genetically analyzed, and the latter is endemic to Spain and North Africa and has not been genetically evaluated. In this study, to clarify the genetic variation and delineation of the two subspecies from a biosystematic viewpoint, morphological variation among 23 accessions of subsp. geniculata and three of subsp. gibberosa and chromosome pairing at meiosis and fertility in their intra- and inter-subspecific F₁ hybrids were examined. A principal component analysis based on the 11 spike characteristics clearly divided the 26 accessions into two groups representing the two subspecies. The inter-subspecific F₁ hybrids showed significantly lower frequencies of chromosome pairing, significantly higher frequencies of multivalents, and significantly lower fertilities relative to those of the intra-subspecific F₁ hybrids. It was concluded that wide-ranging cytogenetic variation is included in subsp. geniculata, that subsp. gibberosa, the intra-subspecific variation of which is small, is morphologically and cytogenetically differentiated from subsp. geniculata beyond the range of the intra-subspecific variation of subsp. geniculata, and that the two subspecies are effectively isolated reproductively by hybrid sterility. The results strongly suggested that western North Africa is one of the important diversity centers of Ae. geniculata, where two subspecies were differentiated in the past and grow together in the present.  相似文献   

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for characterization of focal splenic lesions in dogs     

Nakamura K  Sasaki N  Murakami M  Bandula Kumara WR  Ohta H  Yamasaki M  Takagi S  Osaki T  Takiguchi M 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(6):1290-1297

Background: Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography with perflubutane microbubbles improves the diagnostic accuracy to differentiate benign and malignant focal liver lesions in dogs. Hypothesis: Perflubutane microbubbles‐enhanced ultrasonography is useful for differentiation of benign from malignant focal splenic lesions in dogs. Animals: Twenty‐nine clinical dogs with single or multiple focal splenic lesions detected by conventional ultrasonography. Methods: Prospective clinical observational study. Perflubutane microbubbles‐enhanced ultrasonography was performed in 29 dogs with focal splenic lesions. Qualitative assessment of the enhancement pattern was performed in the early vascular, late vascular, and parenchymal phases. Results: In the early vascular phase, a hypoechoic pattern was significantly associated with malignancy (P= .02) with sensitivity of 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25–38%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 84–100%). In the late vascular phase, a hypoechoic pattern was significantly associated with malignancy (P= .001) with sensitivity of 81% (95% CI, 66–90%) and specificity of 85% (95% CI, 65–95%). There was no significant difference between malignant and benign lesions during the parenchymal phase. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Hypoechoic splenic nodules in the early and late vascular phases with perflubutane microbubbles‐enhanced ultrasonography are strongly suggestive of malignancy in dogs.  相似文献   

Epizootiological and virological studies of foal diarrhea associated with serotype 3 rotavirus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

C Ohta  A Hoshi  H Goto  N Tsunoda  M Tagami  H Akita 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(5):1049-1056

Epizootiological and virological studies were conducted on foal diarrhea occurring in 3 foal-raising locations in a light horse farm from March to July, 1987. At the first location, although 27 (75%) of 36 foals had developed diarrhea, the isolation rate of rotavirus (RV) was low (5/14 feces, 36%). Many of the foals had the disease as early as 23 days after birth. At the second and third locations, 21 (27%) of 78 foals and 41 (76%) of 54 foals were affected with diarrhea. Isolation rates of RV were 90% (20/22 feces) and 100% (26/26 feces), respectively. The diseased cases were observed throughout the short period from June to early July and on foals aged from 63 to 65 days. These findings suggested the importance of RV as a causal agent of foal diarrhea at the latter location, RV and/or other agents at the former location. All the 3 strains of RV represented from each location were identified as serotype 3 by plaque reduction neutralization test against the antiserums of serotypes 1 to 6 of RV. However, the 3 strains showed low cross-reactivity with antiserum of the serotype 3 of the equine RV.  相似文献   

Infectivity of infectious bursal disease virus neutralized by maternal antibody in various chicken cells     

K Komine  H Ohta  S Kamata  K Uchida  K Hirai 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(3):634-635

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