Horseradish peroxidase study of the location of extrinsic efferent and afferent neurons innervating the colon of dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L C Hudson 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(11):1875-1881

The abdominal portion of the colon of 13 clinically normal dogs was divided into 5 regions (ascending, transverse, left colic flexure, proximal descending, and distal descending), and each region was injected with 30 mg of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The injected colonic region, brain stem, L7-Cd1 portion of the spinal cord, sympathetic trunk ganglia, celiacomesenteric ganglia, caudal mesenteric ganglion, pelvic plexi, distal vagal (nodose) ganglia, and L1-Cd1 spinal ganglia were obtained at post-injection hour 48, sectioned, and processed by use of the tetramethylbenzidine method. The entire length of the colon was found to be under extrinsic influence of the parasympathetic nucleus of cranial nerve X (PX), with the largest average number of labeled cells resulting from injection of the ascending colon. It was also indicated that the entire colon is under extrinsic influence of the sacral portion of the spinal cord because the pelvic ganglia (second-order neurons) of the pelvic plexi contained labeled cells for all colonic regions. The largest average number of labeled cells in pelvic ganglia was seen after injection of the distal portion of the descending colon. Only after injection of the distal portion of the descending colon were labeled cells found in the S1-S3 portion of the spinal cord. Labeled cells in the PX, spinal cord, and pelvic ganglia were found bilaterally. Although the entire abdominal portion of the colon appears to be influenced by cranial and sacral parasympathetic preganglionic (via pelvic ganglia) neurons, the relative importance of the 2 areas seems to be reversed between the ascending colon and distal portion of the descending colon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Antitheilerial activity of BW720C (buparvaquone): a comparison with parvaquone   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

N McHardy  L S Wekesa  A T Hudson  A W Randall 《Research in veterinary science》1985,39(1):29-33

A series of hydroxynaphthoquinones, all derivatives of the antitheilerial hydroxynaphthoquinone parvaquone (993C, Clexon; Wellcome) was tested for antitheilerial activity against Theileria parva (Muguga) in vitro. BW720C (buparvaquone) was 20 times more active than parvaquone. When tested in vivo BW720C cured all 13 cattle infected with T parva and all six infected with T annulata treated at a dose rate of 2.5 mg (kg bodyweight)-1 while parvaquone at 20 mg kg-1 cured nine of 10 cattle. All 16 untreated control cattle died of theileriosis.  相似文献   

Use of quantitative real-time PCR to determine the local inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa and muscularis of horses undergoing small intestinal resection     

Zofia M. Lisowski  Lucas Lefevre  Tim S. Mair  Emily L. Clark  Neil P. H. Hudson  David A. Hume  R. Scott Pirie 《Equine veterinary journal》2022,54(1):52-62

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ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF ADRENAL GLAND SIZE COMPARED TO BODY WEIGHT IN NORMAL DOGS          下载免费PDF全文

Stacy N. Soulsby  Merrilee Holland  Judith A. Hudson  Ellen N. Behrend 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(3):317-326

The accepted cut‐off value for adrenal gland maximum diameter of 0.74 cm to distinguish adrenal gland enlargement in dogs regardless of body weight may not be appropriate for small to medium breed dogs. The purpose of the current retrospective study was to examine adrenal gland dimensions as a function of body weight in healthy dogs in three weight categories (< 10 kg, 10–30 kg, and > 30 kg) representing small, medium, and large breeds, respectively, to establish greater confidence in determining if adrenal gland size is abnormal. The measurements of length (sagittal plane), cranial and caudal pole thickness (sagittal and transverse planes), and caudal pole width (transverse plane) of both adrenal glands were obtained ultrasonographically in clinically healthy dogs (n = 45) with 15 dogs in each weight group. Findings support our hypothesis that adrenal gland size correlates with body weight in normal dogs, and more precise reference intervals should be created for adrenal gland size by categorizing dogs as small, medium, or large breed. The caudal pole thickness of either adrenal gland in a sagittal plane was the best dimension for evaluating adrenal gland size based on low variability, ease, and reliability in measurement.  相似文献   

Effects of racing on reticulocyte concentrations in Greyhounds     

S.J. Horvath  C.G. Couto  K. Yant  K. Kontur  L. Bohenko  M.C. Iazbik  L.M. Marín  D. Hudson  J. Chase  M. Frye  D.B. DeNicola 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2014,43(1):15-23

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Quantification and Simulation of Grazing Impacts on Soil Water in Boreal Grasslands     

N. T. Donkor  R. J. Hudson  E. W. Bork  D. S. Chanasyk  M. A. Naeth 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2006,192(3):192-200

We conducted a 2‐year study in central Alberta to quantify and simulate the soil water status of boreal grasslands under three grazing systems using wapiti (Cervus elaphus Canadensis), viz. (1) ungrazed control (UNG), (2) high intensity [4.16 animal unit month per ha (AUM) ha^?1 ] short‐duration grazing (SDG) and (3) moderate intensity (2.08 AUM ha^?1) continuous grazing (CG). Soil water was measured from May 1997 to September 1998 to a depth of 15 cm. Total annual precipitation in 1997 and 1998 was 494 and 429 mm respectively. In both years grazing treatments reduced soil water. Soil water content under SDG was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than CG. Simulation of soil water on each grazing system was conducted using PASTURE, a simple compartmental system dynamics model. Evaluation of the model was conducted using statistical criteria that included calculation of average error, root mean square, coefficient of residual mass and modelling efficiency and comparing these statistics against optimal values. Although the model under‐predicted soil water, simulations of soil water for grazing treatments in both years were closest to measured values with modelling efficiency (how well observed values are close to simulated values) up to 68 %.  相似文献   

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF THE NORMAL LUMBOSACRAL INTER VERTEBRAL DISC IN 22 DOGS     

T.W. Axlund  DVM  J.A. Hudson  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):630-634

Computed tomography of the lumbosacral spine was performed on 22 purpose-bred, medium-sized hound dogs between 1 and 6 years of age. Images were evaluated to determine the degree of disc bulge. All dogs were neurologically normal. Dogs were imaged in dorsal recumbency with the pelvic limbs variably extended. Sagittal reconstructions were made from transverse images. The mean (+/-SD) width of the mid-portion of the L7-S1 intervertebral disc was 0.5 +/- 0.07 cm (range 0.33-0.62 cm). All L7-S1 intervertebral discs were dorsally convex, with the mean bulge measuring 0.25 +/- 0.07 cm (range 0.17-0.50 cm). The height of the vertebral canal at L7-S1 was 0.91 +/- 0.11 cm (range 0.68-1.15 cm). The mean percentage of the vertebral canal occupied by the bulge was 26.89 +/- 5.05% (range 20.74-43.08%). Mild bulging of the L7-S1 intervertebral disc can be present without associated neuropathy in medium-sized dogs.  相似文献   

Histological and ultrastructural appearance of severe Sarcocystis fayeri infection in a malnourished horse     

R J Cawthorn  M Clark  R Hudson  D Friesen 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1990,2(4):342-345

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CELLULOID LANTERN SLIDES     

Hudson RG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1919,49(1257):120-121

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Green manure production of Azolla microphylla and Sesbania rostrata and their long-term effects on rice yields and soil fertility     

W. Ventura  I. Watanabe 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,15(4):241-248

Summary Azolla spp. and Sesbania spp. can be used as green manure crops for wetland rice. A long-term experiment was started in 1985 to determine the effects of organic and urea fertilizers on wetland rice yields and soil fertility. Results of 10 rice croppings are reported. Azolla sp. was grown for 1 month and then incorporated before transplanting the rice and 3–4 weeks after transplanting the rice. Sesbania rostrata was grown for 7–9 weeks and incorporated only before transplanting the rice. Sesbania sp. grew more poorly before dry season rice than before wet season rice. Aeschynomene afraspera, which was used in one dry season rice trial, produced a larger biomass than the Sesbania sp. The quantity of N produced by the Azolla sp. ranged from 70 to 110 kg N ha^-1. The Sesbania sp. produced 55–90 kg N ha^-1 in 46–62 days. Rice grain yield increases in response to the green manure were 1.8–3.9 t ha^-1, similar to or higher than that obtained in response to the application of 60 kg N ha^-1 as urea. Grain production per unit weight of absorbed N was lower in the green manure treatments than in the urea treatment. Without N fertilizer, N uptake by rice decreased as the number of rice crops increased. For similar N recoveries, Sesbania sp. required a lower N concentration than the Azolla sp. did. Continuous application of the green manure increased the organic N content in soil on a dry weight basis, but not on a area basis, because the application of green manure decreased soil bulk density. Residual effects in the grain yield and N uptake of rice after nine rice crops were found with a continuous application of green manure but not urea.  相似文献