Kepler-16: a transiting circumbinary planet     

Doyle LR  Carter JA  Fabrycky DC  Slawson RW  Howell SB  Winn JN  Orosz JA  Prša A  Welsh WF  Quinn SN  Latham D  Torres G  Buchhave LA  Marcy GW  Fortney JJ  Shporer A  Ford EB  Lissauer JJ  Ragozzine D  Rucker M  Batalha N  Jenkins JM  Borucki WJ  Koch D  Middour CK  Hall JR  McCauliff S  Fanelli MN  Quintana EV  Holman MJ  Caldwell DA  Still M  Stefanik RP  Brown WR  Esquerdo GA  Tang S  Furesz G  Geary JC  Berlind P  Calkins ML  Short DR  Steffen JH  Sasselov D  Dunham EW  Cochran WD  Boss A  Haas MR  Buzasi D  Fischer D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6049):1602-1606

We report the detection of a planet whose orbit surrounds a pair of low-mass stars. Data from the Kepler spacecraft reveal transits of the planet across both stars, in addition to the mutual eclipses of the stars, giving precise constraints on the absolute dimensions of all three bodies. The planet is comparable to Saturn in mass and size and is on a nearly circular 229-day orbit around its two parent stars. The eclipsing stars are 20 and 69% as massive as the Sun and have an eccentric 41-day orbit. The motions of all three bodies are confined to within 0.5° of a single plane, suggesting that the planet formed within a circumbinary disk.  相似文献   

Analytical models integrated with satellite images for optimized pest management     

L.?Zack?Bright  Michael?Handley  Isabel?Chien  Sebastian?Curi  L.?Anders?Brownworth  Sebastian?D’hers  Ulrich?R.?Bernier  Pablo?Gurman  Noel?M.?ElmanEmail author 《Precision Agriculture》2016,17(5):628-636

The global field protection (GFP) was developed to protect and optimize pest management resources integrating satellite images for precise field demarcation with physical models of controlled release devices of pesticides to protect large fields. The GFP was implemented using a graphical user interface to aid the end-user to select location and define an arbitrary perimeter for protection. The system provides coordinates of drop points for the controlled release devices which can be delivered using drone technology, e.g. unmanned air vehicles. In this work, we present the first proof of concept of this technology. A vast number of pest management applications can benefit from this work, including prevention against vector-borne diseases as well as protection of large agriculture fields.  相似文献   

KOI-126: a triply eclipsing hierarchical triple with two low-mass stars     

Carter JA  Fabrycky DC  Ragozzine D  Holman MJ  Quinn SN  Latham DW  Buchhave LA  Van Cleve J  Cochran WD  Cote MT  Endl M  Ford EB  Haas MR  Jenkins JM  Koch DG  Li J  Lissauer JJ  MacQueen PJ  Middour CK  Orosz JA  Rowe JF  Steffen JH  Welsh WF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6017):562-565

The Kepler spacecraft has been monitoring the light from 150,000 stars in its primary quest to detect transiting exoplanets. Here, we report on the detection of an eclipsing stellar hierarchical triple, identified in the Kepler photometry. KOI-126 [A, (B, C)], is composed of a low-mass binary [masses M(B) = 0.2413 ± 0.0030 solar mass (M(⊙)), M(C) = 0.2127 ± 0.0026 M(⊙); radii R(B) = 0.2543 ± 0.0014 solar radius (R(⊙)), R(C) = 0.2318 ± 0.0013 R(⊙); orbital period P(1) = 1.76713 ± 0.00019 days] on an eccentric orbit about a third star (mass M(A) = 1.347 ± 0.032 M(⊙); radius R(A) = 2.0254 ± 0.0098 R(⊙); period of orbit around the low-mass binary P(2) = 33.9214 ± 0.0013 days; eccentricity of that orbit e(2) = 0.3043 ± 0.0024). The low-mass pair probe the poorly sampled fully convective stellar domain offering a crucial benchmark for theoretical stellar models.  相似文献   

The involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex in the experience of regret   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Camille N  Coricelli G  Sallet J  Pradat-Diehl P  Duhamel JR  Sirigu A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5674):1167-1170

Facing the consequence of a decision we made can trigger emotions like satisfaction, relief, or regret, which reflect our assessment of what was gained as compared to what would have been gained by making a different decision. These emotions are mediated by a cognitive process known as counterfactual thinking. By manipulating a simple gambling task, we characterized a subject's choices in terms of their anticipated and actual emotional impact. Normal subjects reported emotional responses consistent with counterfactual thinking; they chose to minimize future regret and learned from their emotional experience. Patients with orbitofrontal cortical lesions, however, did not report regret or anticipate negative consequences of their choices. The orbitofrontal cortex has a fundamental role in mediating the experience of regret.  相似文献   

A diarylquinoline drug active on the ATP synthase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis     

Andries K  Verhasselt P  Guillemont J  Göhlmann HW  Neefs JM  Winkler H  Van Gestel J  Timmerman P  Zhu M  Lee E  Williams P  de Chaffoy D  Huitric E  Hoffner S  Cambau E  Truffot-Pernot C  Lounis N  Jarlier V 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5707):223-227

The incidence of tuberculosis has been increasing substantially on a worldwide basis over the past decade, but no tuberculosis-specific drugs have been discovered in 40 years. We identified a diarylquinoline, R207910, that potently inhibits both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro (minimum inhibitory concentration 0.06 mug/ml). In mice, R207910 exceeded the bactericidal activities of isoniazid and rifampin by at least 1 log unit. Substitution of drugs included in the World Health Organization's first-line tuberculosis treatment regimen (rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide) with R207910 accelerated bactericidal activity, leading to complete culture conversion after 2 months of treatment in some combinations. A single dose of R207910 inhibited mycobacterial growth for 1 week. Plasma levels associated with efficacy in mice were well tolerated in healthy human volunteers. Mutants selected in vitro suggest that the drug targets the proton pump of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase.  相似文献   

Light-Scattering Molecular Weights and Intrinsic Viscosities of Processed Waxy Maize Starches in 90% Dimethyl Sulfoxide and H2O     

Merle M. Millard  Frederick R. Dintzis  J. L. Willett  Jerome A. Klavons 《Cereal Chemistry》1997,74(5):687-691

Waxy maize starch was treated by a variety of gentle and severe methods: direct dispersion-solubilization into 90% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and H₂O solvent, extrusion followed by dispersion-solubilization of the ground exudate into solvent, or jet-cooking or stirred autoclaving of an aqueous starch slurry followed by transfer into solvent. Intrinsic viscosities [η] and multiangle light-scattering measurements were made in 90% DMSO-H₂O. A Mark-Houwink relation, [η] = (0.28–1.2) M_w^{0.29 ± 0.04}, was obtained over a molecular weight range of ≈30–700 million. However, there was a large amount of scatter in the data when [η] were >140 mL/g. The power law relationship R_g ∝ M_w^0.41±0.04 was noted between radii of gyration and molecular weights. We infer from our data that over the entire range of M_w distributions, the amylopectin existed in solution as relatively compact molecules or aggregates and that in the higher molecular weight region, the size and possibly the shape of the “dissolved” amylopectin was highly sensitive to the method of dispersal and treatment.  相似文献