Furuncular myiasis caused by the human bot-fly Dermatobia hominis in a domestic cat from Brazil     

Guilherme G. Verocai  Julio I. Fernandes  Thais R. Correia  Clarissa P. de Souza  Raquel M.P.S. Melo  Fabio B. Scott 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2010,12(6):491-493

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Association between trichome characters and agronomic traits inSolanum tuberosum (L.)XS. berthaultii (hawkes) hybrids     

J. C. Kalazich  R. L. Plaisted 《American Journal of Potato Research》1991,68(12):833-847

In 1977, a program to develop potato cultivars with insect resistance based on the glandular trichomes found onSolanum berthaultii was initiated at Cornell University. Associations between agronomic and trichome characters were suspected due to difficulties in selecting hybrid plants with both insect resistance and acceptable agronomic characteristics. Plants from backcrosses and intercrosses were studied. A strong association between the presence of B trichome droplets and undesirable agronomic characteristics was established in backcrossed generations. The backcross plants bearing droplets produced significantly lower yields, fewer tubers, later maturing plants, and poorer foliage and tuber appearance than their sibs without the droplets. In intercrosses, no associations were found. Good MEBA scores were seldom found in backcrossed plants without B droplets. The associations observed are speculated to be due to linkage or structural genomic differentiation between the genomes of the species involved in these populations.  相似文献   

Concomitant turkey herpesvirus-infectious bursal disease vector vaccine and oil-adjuvanted inactivated Newcastle disease vaccine administration: consequences for vaccine intake and protection     

Lemiere S  Fernández R  Pritchard N  Cruz-Coy J  Rojo F  Wong SY  Saint-Gerand AL  Gauthier JC  Perozo F 《Avian diseases》2011,55(4):642-649

Hatchery vaccination protocols in day-old chicks are designed to provide early priming and protection against several poultry diseases including, but not limited to, Marek's disease (MD), infectious bursal disease (IBD), and Newcastle disease (ND). The constraint of concomitant administration of live MD and IBD vaccines plus ND inactivated oil-adjuvanted vaccines (IOAVs) requires improvements in vaccine technology. Single-needle concomitant subcutaneous (SC) application of IBD/MDV and killed NDV vaccine and the use of viral vectors for expression of immunogenic proteins are a current trend in the industry. The objective of this work was to assess the compatibility of a turkey herpesvirus (HVT)-infectious bursal disease (vHVT-IBD) vector vaccine applied simultaneously with IOAV and to evaluate the consequences for vaccine intake, the need for additional immunizations with the respective vaccines, and protection. Five separate trials were performed using double- and/or single-needle injectors. The levels and persistence of vaccine intake, serologic response, vHVT-IBD virus combination with the MD Rispens strain, and/or live NDV vaccination were also assessed. Histopathology and PCR at injection sites showed adequate vaccine intake detected up to 44 days postvaccination. Serologic evidence of vaccine priming was observed, and all vaccinated groups differed (P < 0.05) from the control at different time points. MD, NDV, and IBD protection results after concomitant double-shot single-needle vaccination were near 85%, 95%, and 100%, respectively. Taken together the results indicate no deleterious effects on the efficacy of the vHVT-IBD vaccine monitored by vaccine intake, serologic and challenge results, and combinations after concomitant live/killed vaccination, suggesting the suitability of its use in hatchery vaccination. All types of injectors used as well as injection techniques, vaccines injected separately or together, gave the same results.  相似文献   

Avian CD154 enhances humoral and cellular immune responses induced by an adenovirus vector-based vaccine in chickens     

Sánchez Ramos O  González Pose A  Gómez-Puerta S  Noda Gomez J  Vega Redondo A  Águila Benites JC  Suárez Amarán L  Parra NC  Toledo Alonso JR 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(3):259-265

Recombinant adenoviral vectors have emerged as an attractive system for veterinary vaccines development. However, for poultry vaccination a very important criterion for an ideal vaccine is its low cost. The objective of this study was to test the ability of chicken CD154 to enhance the immunogenicity of an adenoviral vector-based vaccine against avian influenza virus in order to reduce the amount of antigen required to induce an effective immune response in avian. Chickens were vaccinated with three different doses of adenoviral vectors encoding either HA (AdHA), or HA fused to extracellular domain chicken's CD154 (AdHACD). Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and relative quantification of IFN-γ showed that the adenoviral vector encoding for the chimeric antigen is able to elicit an improved humoral and cellular immune response, which demonstrated that CD154 can be used as a molecular adjuvant allowing to reduce in about 50-fold the amount of adenoviral vector vaccine required to induce an effective immune response.  相似文献   

Disposition of marbofloxacin in vulture (Gyps fulvus) after intravenous administration of a single dose     

Marino Garcia-Montijano  J. Julio de Lucas  María Dolores de San Andrés 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(2):288-290

The pharmacokinetics properties of marbofloxacin were studied in adult Eurassian Griffon vulture after single-dose intravenous (IV) administration of 2 mg/kg. Drug concentration in plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and the data obtained were subjected to compartmental and non-compartmental kinetic analysis. Marbofloxacin presented a volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss) of 1.51 ± 0.22 L and total plasma clearance (Cl) of 0.109 ± 0.023 L/h kg. The permanence of this drug was long in vultures (T_1/2λ = 12.51 ± 2.52 h; MRT_∞ = 13.54 ± 2.29 h). The optimal dose of marbofloxacin estimated is 2.73 mg/kg per day for the treatment of infections in vultures with MIC₉₀ = 0.2 μg/mL.  相似文献   

Normal bacterial flora from vaginas of Criollo Limonero cows     

Zambrano-Nava S  Boscán-Ocando J  Nava J 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(2):291-294

In order to describe the normal bacterial flora in vaginas of Criollo Limonero cows, 51 healthy multiparous cows, at least 90-day postpartum, were selected. Duplicated swabs (N = 102) were taken from the vaginal fornix of cows to perform aerobic and anaerobic cultures as well as conventional biochemical tests. Out of 102 swabs, bacterial growth was obtained in 55 (53.9%) while the remaining 47 (46.1%) did not exhibited any bacterial growth. Of the 55 bacterial growths, 23 (41.8%) were aerobic whereas 32 (58.1%) were anaerobic. Likewise, 29 (52.72%) of bacterial growths were pure and 26 (47.27%) were mixed. Under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, Gram positive bacteria were predominant (81.82% and 73.08%, respectively) over Gram negative bacteria (18.18% and 26.92%, respectively). Isolated bacteria were Arcanobacterium pyogenes (22.92%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.63%), Staphylococcus coagulase negative (17.71%), Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (6.25%), Bacteroides spp. (13.54%), and Peptostreptococcus spp. (7.29%). In conclusion, normal vaginal bacterial flora of Criollo Limonero cows was predominantly Gram positive and included A. pyogenes, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, E. rhusiopathiae, Bacteroides spp., and Peptostreptococcus spp. In Criollo Limonero cattle, adaptive aspects such as development of humoral and physical mechanisms for defense, and bacterial adaptation to host deserve research attention.  相似文献   

Post-mortem examination and laboratory-based analysis for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis among dairy cattle in Ecuador     

Proaño-Pérez F  Benitez-Ortiz W  Desmecht D  Coral M  Ortiz J  Ron L  Portaels F  Rigouts L  Linden A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2011,101(1-2):65-72

Veterinary inspection in slaughterhouses allows for the detection of macroscopic lesions reminiscent of bovine tuberculosis, but the presence of Mycobacterium bovis must be confirmed by laboratory methods. This study aimed at comparing the performances of the standard diagnostic tools used to identify M. bovis in tissue specimens sampled from suspicious animals. During a two years period, 1390 cattle were inspected at the Machachi abattoir in the Mejia canton - Ecuador. A total of 33 animals with granulomatous lesions were detected, representing 2.33% (16/687) and 2.42% (17/703) animals examined in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Ninety-four tissue specimens were sampled and screened for the presence of mycobacteria. Acid-fast bacilli were identified in one third of the suspicious cattle (11/33) and suggestive microscopic lesions in 27.3% (9/33) of the samples examined by direct microscopy and histopathology, respectively. Culturing on Stonebrink medium and 16S-rRNA-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) yielded 36.4% (12/33) and 27.3% (9/33) of positives, respectively. Compared to culture, other diagnostic procedures displayed a lower sensitivity, with 56.5% for PCR, and 43.5% for direct microscopy and histopathology; however, the specificity was higher (94.4% for PCR and microscopy, and 97.2% for histopathology). We conclude that reliable post-mortem laboratory testing either requires the combination of a set of available diagnostic tools or necessitates the development of improved new-generation tools with better sensitivity and specificity characteristics.  相似文献   

Productive behavior in growing kid goats and methane production with the inclusion of chokecherry leaf (Prunus salicifolia)     

Robles Jimenez  Lizbeth E.  Ruiz Perez  Jose A.  Nicolas  Di Lorenzo  Chay Canul  Alfonso J.  Ramirez-Rivera  Julio Cesar  Villegas-Estrada  Daniela  Vargas-Bello-Pérez  Einar  Gonzalez-Ronquillo  Manuel 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(3):1257-1267

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Currently for the reduction of methane (CH4) emissions are using fodder rich in condensed tannins, however, not yet known exactly how they act in the rumen...  相似文献   

INFLUENCE OF CORN (ZEA MAYS L.) CULTIVAR DEVELOPMENT ON RESIDUE PRODUCTION     

Nícolas Z. dos Santos  Stephen A. Prior  Juarez Gabardo  Julio C. Valaski  Antonio C. V. Motta  Antonio Ferreira Neto 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(5):750-769

The amount and composition of crop residues added to soil in agroecosystems can influence decomposition processes and soil organic matter levels. This study aimed to evaluate residues (quantity and quality) of different corn cultivars commonly used in Brazilian cropping systems. The experiment was conducted for two seasons (2005/2006 and 2006/2007) in Rolândia, Paraná State, Brazil. Ten corn cultivars that represent five degrees of breeding development (i.e., landrace, commercial variety, double cross, triple cross, and single cross hybrids) were evaluated. At harvest, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) of non-yield residue and grain were determined. Except for grain C, other measures (grain N concentration, residue C and N concentration, and C:N ratio) varied among cultivars. In general, the hybrids had higher residue C and lower residue N concentrations than the landraces and commercial varieties. Findings suggest that breeding selection may have altered residue production and composition, which may influence soil C dynamics.  相似文献   

Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of manganese toxicity,tolerance, and amelioration with silicon in snapbean     

Charles D. Foy  Julio C. de Paula  Jose A. Centeno  Emilia Ivanova Jücker 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4-5):769-782

Plant genotypes within species differ widely in tolerance to excess manganese (Mn) that may occur in acid soils, or in neutral or alkaline soils having poor aeration caused by imperfect drainage or compaction. However, Mn tolerance mechanisms in plants are largely unknown. Silicon (Si) is reported to detoxify Mn within plants, presumably by preventing localized accumulations of Mn associated with lesions on leaves. Because Mn is paramagnetic, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, shows promise as a tool for characterizing toxic and non‐toxic forms of Mn in tolerant and sensitive plants. The objective of our study was to use EPR to: i) determine the chemical/ physical state of Mn in Mn‐tolerant and ‐sensitive snapbean cultivars; and ii) characterize the protective effects of Si against Mn toxicity. Manganese‐sensitive Wonder Crop 2 (WC) and Mn‐tolerant Green Lord (GL) cultivars of snapbean were grown at pH 5.0, in a greenhouse, in a modified Steinberg solution containing: Mn=0.05mg.L^‐1 (optimal); Mn=1.0mgL^‐1 (toxic); Mn=1.0 mg L^‐1 plus Si=4 mg L^‐1; and Mn=0.05 mg L^‐1 plus 4 mg Si L^‐1. All trifoliate leaf samples exhibited a 6‐line EPR signal that is characteristic of hexaaquo Mn²⁺. In both cultivars, a higher EPR Mn²⁺ signal‐intensity generally correlated with lower total leaf mass, higher total Mn concentrations and more pronounced symptoms of toxicity. Tolerance to excess Mn coincided with lower Mn²⁺ signal intensity. Silicon treatments ameliorated Mn toxicity symptoms in both genotypes, decreased total leaf Mn concentrations, and decreased EPR Mn²⁺ signal intensity. Results suggest that Mn toxicity is associated with reduced electron transport and accumulation of oxidation products in leaves. Amelioration of Mn toxicity by Si is regarded as connected with a reduction in this Mn‐induced process. Results indicated that EPR spectroscopy can be useful in investigating the biochemical basis for differential Mn tolerance in plants. The EPR observations might also help plant breeders in developing Mn‐tolerant cultivars.  相似文献