Comparison of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase and melatonin receptor type 1B immunoreactivity between young adult and aged canine spinal cord     

Ji Hyeon Ahn  Joon Ha Park  In Hye Kim  Jae-Chul Lee  Bing Chun Yan  Min Sik Yong  Choong Hyun Lee  Jung Hoon Choi  Ki-Yeon Yoo  In Koo Hwang  Seung Myung Moon  Hyung-Cheul Shin  Moo-Ho Won 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(3):335-342

Melatonin affects diverse physiological functions through its receptor and plays an important role in the central nervous system. In the present study, we compared immunoreactivity patterns of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), an enzyme essential for melatonin synthesis, and melatonin receptor type 1B (MT2) in the spinal cord of young adult (2~3 years) and aged (10~12 years) beagle dogs using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. AANAT-specific immunoreactivity was observed in the nuclei of spinal neurons, and was significantly increased in aged dog spinal neurons compared to young adult spinal neurons. MT2-specific immunoreactivity was found in the cytoplasm of spinal neurons, and was predominantly increased in the margin of the neuron cytoplasm in aged spinal cord compared to that in the young adult dogs. These increased levels of AANAT and MT2 immunoreactivity in aged spinal cord might be a feature of normal aging and associated with a feedback mechanism that compensates for decreased production of melatonin during aging.  相似文献   

Development of a multiplex PCR assay to detect Edwardsiella tarda,Streptococcus parauberis,and Streptococcus iniae in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)     

Seong Bin Park  Kyoung Kwon  In Seok Cha  Ho Bin Jang  Seong Won Nho  Fernand F. Fagutao  Young Kyu Kim  Jong Earn Yu  Tae Sung Jung 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(1):163-166

A multiplex PCR protocol was established to simultaneously detect major bacterial pathogens in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) including Edwardsiella (E.) tarda, Streptococcus (S.) parauberis, and S. iniae. The PCR assay was able to detect 0.01 ng of E. tarda, 0.1 ng of S. parauberis, and 1 ng of S. iniae genomic DNA. Furthermore, this technique was found to have high specificity when tested with related bacterial species. This method represents a cheaper, faster, and reliable alternative for identifying major bacterial pathogens in olive flounder, the most important farmed fish in Korea.  相似文献   

Cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the dentate gyrus of high-fat diet-fed mice are increased after rosiglitazone treatment     

Dae Young Yoo  Woosuk Kim  Dae Won Kim  Sung Min Nam  Hyo Young Jung  Jong Whi Kim  Choong Hyun Lee  Jung Hoon Choi  Moo-Ho Won  Yeo Sung Yoon  In Koo Hwang 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(1):27-33

In this study, we determined how rosiglitazone (RSG) differentially affected hippocampal neurogenesis in mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat). LFD and HFD were given to the mice for 8 weeks. Four weeks after initiating the LFD and HFD feeding, vehicle or RSG was administered orally once a day to both groups of mice. We measured cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus using Ki67 and doublecortin (DCX), respectively, as markers. In addition, we monitored the effects of RSG on the levels of DCX and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampal homogenates. At 8 weeks after the LFD feeding, the numbers of Ki67- and DCX-positive cells as well as hippocampal levels of DCX and BDNF were significantly decreased in the RSG-treated group compared to the vehicle-treated animals. In contrast, the numbers of Ki67- and DCX-positive cells along with hippocampal levels of DCX and BDNF in the HFD fed mice were significantly increased in the RSG-treated mice compared to the vehicle-treated group. Our data demonstrate that RSG can modulate the levels of BDNF, which could play a pivotal role in cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus.  相似文献   

Accumulation of organotin compounds and marine birnavirus detection in Korean ascidians   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kaoru Azumi  Shinji Nakamura  Shin-Ichi Kitamura  Sung-Ju Jung  Keisuke Kanehira  Hisato Iwata  Shinsuke Tanabe  Satoru Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):263-269

ABSTRACT:   Recently, a serious disease spread extensively in aquaculture sites of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi in Korea. To understand circumstances of ascidians in Korean aquaculture sites, residue levels of organotin compounds were analyzed, and detection of a marine birnavirus (MABV) in tissues of H. roretzi was attempted. Korean H. roretzi showed high concentrations of butyltins (mono, di, and tributyltins), especially in the gill, hepatopancreas, and digestive tract. However, there was no significant difference in the residues of butyltins in the hepatopancreas between diseased and non-diseased ascidians. The positive rate of MABV detection was high in the hepatopancreas, but also no significant difference was observed between diseased and non-diseased individuals. These observations suggest that an accumulation of tributyltin and a latency of MABV in H. roretzi tissues does not directly relate to the occurrence of the disease.  相似文献   

A concept to define a quantitative measure of mixture state     

Hyung Bum Kim  Jung Ho Lim  You Huh 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(9):2001-2012

Mixing is a mechanical operation to distribute components evenly in a plane or a space. Composite molding and textile manufacturing industries are routinely taking advantage of mixing operations in order to distribute raw materials uniformly or in a specific way during composite molding or textile producing processes. Key issues to identify any mixed state are (1) the time needed to accomplish through mixing (the time scale) and (2) the extent of the homogeneity of the mixture in a plane (the length scale). In this paper, a new concept of mixture status is focused on the length scale. The goal to derive a new concept of mixture status is to establish a measure to describe the mixed extent of a mixture consisting of two components, derived from clump size and clump distribution. To verify the usefulness of the newly conceived “Mixedness Index”, the suggested definition was compared with the existing coefficient of variation (CV) method based on simulation and experiments. Results showed a reasonable relationship between the Mixedness Index and observation, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed Mixedness Index for industrial applications.  相似文献   

Placotylene A,an Inhibitor of the Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation,from a Korean Sponge Placospongia sp.     

Hiyoung Kim  Kwang-Jin Kim  Jeong-Tae Yeon  Seong Hwan Kim  Dong Hwan Won  Hyukjae Choi  Sang-Jip Nam  Young-Jin Son  Heonjoong Kang 《Marine drugs》2014,12(4):2054-2065

A new inhibitor, placotylene A (1), of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, and a regioisomer of placotylene A, placotylene B (2), were isolated from a Korean marine sponge Placospongia sp. The chemical structures of placotylenes A and B were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, along with MS spectral analysis and revealed as an iodinated polyacetylene class of natural products. Placotylene A (1) displayed inhibitory activity against RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation at 10 μM while placotylene B (2) did not show any significant activity up to 100 μM, respectively.  相似文献   

Bioproduction of Chitooligosaccharides: Present and Perspectives     

Woo-Jin Jung  Ro-Dong Park 《Marine drugs》2014,12(11):5328-5356

Chitin and chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) have been traditionally obtained by chemical digestion with strong acids. In light of the difficulties associated with these traditional production processes, environmentally compatible and reproducible production alternatives are desirable. Unlike chemical digestion, biodegradation of chitin and chitosan by enzymes or microorganisms does not require the use of toxic chemicals or excessive amounts of wastewater. Enzyme preparations with chitinase, chitosanase, and lysozymeare primarily used to hydrolyze chitin and chitosan. Commercial preparations of cellulase, protease, lipase, and pepsin provide another opportunity for oligosaccharide production. In addition to their hydrolytic activities, the transglycosylation activity of chitinolytic enzymes might be exploited for the synthesis of desired chitin oligomers and their derivatives. Chitin deacetylase is also potentially useful for the preparation of oligosaccharides. Recently, direct production of oligosaccharides from chitin and crab shells by a combination of mechanochemical grinding and enzymatic hydrolysis has been reported. Together with these, other emerging technologies such as direct degradation of chitin from crustacean shells and microbial cell walls, enzymatic synthesis of COS from small building blocks, and protein engineering technology for chitin-related enzymes have been discussed as the most significant challenge for industrial application.  相似文献   

Detection of antigenic proteins expressed by lymphocystis virus as vaccine candidates in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel)     

Jang HB  Kim YR  Cha IS  Noh SW  Park SB  Ohtani M  Hikima J  Aoki T  Jung TS 《Journal of fish diseases》2011,34(7):555-562

Although the major capsid proteins (MCPs) of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) have been characterized, little is known about the host-derived immune response to MCPs and other LCDV antigenic proteins. To identify antigenic proteins of LCDV that could be used as vaccine candidates in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, we analysed the viral proteins responsible for its virulence by applying immuno-proteomics. LCDV proteins were separated by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis, transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, and probed with homogeneous P. olivaceus antisera elicited by LCDV natural infection and vaccination with formalin-killed LCDV. Four immune-reactive proteins were obtained at 68-, 51-, 41- and 21 kDa using antisera collected from natural infection while two proteins at 51- and 21 kDa exhibited response to antisera from vaccinated fish, indicating that the latter two proteins have vaccine potential. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nanoelectrospray MS/MS, the 51 and 21 kDa proteins were identified as MCP and an unknown protein, respectively.  相似文献   

Antioxidant activity of glyceollins derived from soybean elicited with Aspergillus sojae     

Kim HJ  Suh HJ  Kim JH  Park S  Joo YC  Kim JS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2010,58(22):11633-11638

The extract of soybean exposed to biotic elicitors such as food-grade fungus is known to have antioxidant activity. Glyceollins were major bioactive compounds present in soybean elicited by fungi and shown to have antifungal and anticancer activities. The purpose of present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of glyceollins by measuring ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, singlet oxygen quenching, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibition. In addition, the antioxidant potential of glyceollins were measured by a fluorescent probe, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA), and dihydroethidium (DHE) in mouse hepatoma hepa1c1c7 cells in which they were insulted with H2O2 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glyceollins showed a strong reducing power and inhibited lipid peroxidation, with significant scavenging activities of radicals including singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, ABTS, and DPPH. We also found that glyceollins significantly suppressed H2O2-induced ROS production in hepa1c1c7 cells. Therefore, glyceollins deserve further study as natural antioxidants and nutraceuticals.  相似文献   

Lethal Effects of Pulsed High-Voltage Discharge on Marine Plankton and Escherichia coli     

Chung Yeon Hwang  Soonwook Jung  Y. S. Hwang  Byung Cheol Cho 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,213(1-4):161-169

Ballast seawater is considered globally as a major vector for invasions of non-indigenous organisms. Several technologies have been tested for their ability to remove organisms from ballast water. In the present study, we constructed a novel pulsed high-voltage discharge (PHVD) system that could operate in either high current mode with several hundred amperes or shockwave generating mode with relatively lower current in seawater. In laboratory-scale experiments, the PHVD system with shockwave-generating mode was found to be more effective in killing zooplankton (1.9- to 4.0-fold) and phytoplankton (3.3-fold) than high current mode at discharge with 300–500 pulses at 7.1 kV. Further experiments were carried out at different voltages and pulse-numbers to examine effects of the shockwave-generating PHVD system on viabilities of one zooplankton larva, two phytoplankton species, and an indicator bacterium suspended in seawater in a static chamber. For zooplankton, live cells were not detected at discharge with 400 pulses at 13 kV. For phytoplankton, the initial live cells of a dinoflagellate was decreased by 77?±?0.5%, and the initial chl a concentration of a diatom was decreased by 76?±?6% at discharge with 700 pulses at 13 kV. For an indicator bacterium Escherichia coli, live cells were not detected at discharges with 200 or 700 pulses at 13 kV. Measurements of ATP content of organisms showed congruent results with those obtained by the above methods, suggesting it may be a rapid method for evaluating treatment efficiency. Though further scale-up studies are necessary, these results suggest that the PHVD system have a high potential for applying to ballast seawater treatment.  相似文献