Short term pharmacological immobilization in macaque monkeys     

Votava M  Hess L  Schreiberová J  Málek J  Stein K 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2011,38(5):490-493

ObjectiveTo develop a safe and effective immobilization protocol in rhesus monkeys, which is not based on dissociative anaesthetic agent.Study designProspective, randomised, experimental trial.AnimalsTwenty rhesus monkeys, weighing 2.6–8.0 kg, 1–3 years of age, of both sexes.MethodsThe monkeys received 50 μg kg^?1 medetomidine, 0.25 mg kg^?1 midazolam and 5 μg kg^?1 fentanyl with 150 IU hyaluronidase intramuscularly (IM). The animals were closely observed for behavioural changes and reaction to sound stimulus. Pulse rate and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin (SpO₂) were monitored every 5 minutes, for 20 minutes. After this period, 250 μg kg^?1 atipamezole or a placebo was administered IM and behavioural changes were closely observed.ResultsFull immobilization was observed after mean 269 ± SD 116 seconds. Ten minutes after injection mean arterial oxygen saturation of haemoglobin was 94 ± 4%, but did not fall significantly further. The median pulse rate was 116 beats minute^?1 5 minutes after the administration of the drug. This level further decreased to a median level of 108 beats minute^?1 20 minutes after the drug's administration. The median time to recover from immobilization was significantly shorter after atipamezole administration when compared to placebo (2.7 versus 55 minutes). All animals awoke smoothly and no side effects such as vomiting or agitation were observed.ConclusionsShort term and reversible pharmacological immobilization was achieved using combination of midazolam, medetomidine, and fentanyl.Clinical relevanceThe present study demonstrates that 20-minute pharmacological immobilization with a combination of midazolam, medetomidine, and fentanyl is feasible in rhesus monkeys with minimal effect on heart rate.  相似文献   

Fatal septicaemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in a patient with cirrhosis     

Karel Krovacek  Marco Conte  Patrizia Galderisi  Giuseppe Morelli  Attilio Postiglione  Stefano Dumontet 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1993,16(4):267-272

In this case report from Italy we describe a fatal infection caused by A. hydrophila in a 39 yr old cirrhotic patient. This pathogen was isolated as a pure single culture from the patient's blood sample. The patient died on the second day of hospitalization from overwhelming sepsis. The A. hydrophila isolate was tested for different potential virulence properties, such as invasiveness, adherence, exotoxins production, presence of fimbriae and for the patterns of resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents. Although, the Aeromonas species are infrequently reported as a cause of human infections, the present case study confirms the capability of these pathogens to induce serious human infections.  相似文献   

Use of flow cytometry to identify monoclonal antibodies that recognize conserved epitopes on orthologous leukocyte differentiation antigens in goats, llamas, and rabbits     

Davis WC  Drbal K  Mosaad AE  Elbagory AR  Tibary A  Barrington GM  Park YH  Hamilton MJ 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2007,119(1-2):123-130

Flow cytometry was used to screen a panel of 320 mAbs, submitted to the Animal Homologues Section of the HLDA8, for mAbs that recognize epitopes conserved on orthologous leukocyte differentiation antigens (LDA) in goats, lamas, and rabbits. Nineteen mAbs specific for CD11a (1), CD14 (3), CD18 (1), CD21 (1), CD29 (2), CD44 (2), CD47 (3), CD49d (1), CD172a (1), CD45RB (1), CD61 (1), RACT48A, and GBSP71A reacted with goat LDA. Twenty three mAbs specific for CD7 (1), CD9 (2), CD11a (1), CD14 (3), CD18 (4), CD29 (1), CD32 (1), CD44 (1), CD47 (4), CD49d (2), CD50 (1), CD80 (1), CD172a (1), and GBSP71A reacted with llama LDA. Eighteen mAbs specific for CD9 (2), CD11a (1), CD14 (2), CD18 (4), CD21 (1), CD44 (2), CD45RB (1), CD49d (1), CD209 (1), RACT48A, and GBSP71A reacted with rabbit LDA. The specificities of two cross reactive mAbs that recognize different conserved epitopes on all leukocytes in two species (RACT48A) and all three species (GBSP71A) have not been determined. The patterns of reactivity of most of the mAbs were consistent with patterns of reactivity noted on human leukocytes. The specificity of some cross reactive mAbs generated in non-human species were validated on human leukocytes. Further studies are needed to verify that CD7, CD32, CD45RB, CD50, and CD209 recognize orthologous molecules in the indicated species.  相似文献   

CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN IN FERRETS          下载免费PDF全文

Pavel Proks  Ladislav Stehlik  Michaela Paninarova  Katarina Irova  Karel Hauptman  Vladimir Jekl 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(2):117-123

Vertebral column pathologies requiring surgical intervention have been described in pet ferrets, however little information is available on the normal vertebral formula and congenital variants in this species. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe vertebral formulas and prevalence of congenital vertebral anomalies in a sample of pet ferrets. Radiographs of 172 pet ferrets (96 males and 76 females) were included in this retrospective study. In 143 ferrets (83.14%), five different formulas of the vertebral column were recorded with normal morphology of vertebrae (rib attachment included) but with a variable number of thoracic (Th), lumbar (L), and sacral (S) vertebrae. The number of cervical (C) vertebrae was constant in all examined animals. Observed vertebral formulas were C7/Th14/L6/S3 (51.74%), C7/Th14/L6/S4 (22.10%), C7/Th14/L7/S3 (6.98%), C7/Th15/L6/S3 (1.74%), and C7/Th15/L6/S4 (0.58%). Formula C7/Th14/L6/S4 was significantly more common in males than in females (P < 0.05). Congenital spinal abnormalities were found in 29 ferrets (16.86%), mostly localized in the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral regions. The cervical region was affected in only one case. Transitional vertebrae represented the most common congenital abnormalities (26 ferrets) in the thoracolumbar (13 ferrets) and lumbosacral regions (10 ferrets) or simultaneously in both regions (three ferrets). Other vertebral anomalies included block (two ferrets) and wedge vertebra (one ferret). Spina bifida was not detected. Findings from the current study indicated that vertebral formulas may vary in ferrets and congenital abnormalities are common. This should be taken into consideration for surgical planning.  相似文献   

Einfluß des Harnstoffes und der Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Verbindungen (Ureaforme) auf den Ertrag und die Qualität einiger Feldfrüchte     

Karel Knop 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(11):1011-1022

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Laparoscopic‐Assisted Placement of a Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter With Partial Omentectomy and Omentopexy in Dogs: An Experimental Study     

Gilles Dupré DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Karel Čoudek DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(5):579-585

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Clostridium difficile in faeces from healthy dogs and dogs with diarrhea     

Karl-Johan Wetterwik  Gunilla Trowald-Wigh  Lise-Lotte Fernstr?m  Karel Krovacek 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):23

Background

This study was conducted to evaluate the faecal occurrence and characterization of Clostridium difficile in clinically healthy dogs (N = 50) and in dogs with diarrhea (N = 20) in the Stockholm-Uppsala region of Sweden.

Findings

Clostridium difficile was isolated from 2/50 healthy dogs and from 2/20 diarrheic dogs. Isolates from healthy dogs were negative for toxin A and B and for the tcdA and tcdB genes. Both isolates from diarrheic dogs were positive for toxin B and for the tcdA and tcdB genes. The C. difficile isolates from healthy dogs had PCR ribotype 009 (SE-type 6) and 010 (SE-type 3) whereas both isolates from dogs with diarrhoea had the toxigenic ribotype 014 (SE-type 21). One of the isolates from healthy dogs was initially resistant to metronidazole.

Conclusions

This study revealed presence of toxigenic C. difficile in faecal samples of diarrheic dogs and low number of non- toxigenic isolates in healthy dogs from Uppsala-Stockholm region in Sweden. However, more comprehensive studies are warranted to investigate the role of C. difficile in gastrointestinal disease in dogs.  相似文献   

Demodicosis in nine prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)     

Jekl V  Hauptman K  Jeklova E  Knotek Z 《Veterinary dermatology》2006,17(4):280-283

This case report describes the clinical signs and treatment of demodicosis in nine pet prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Clinical records including history, clinical examination, microscopic evaluation and fungal culture of the skin lesions were available for all nine animals. In seven animals, blood was obtained for haematological and biochemical analyses. Clinical signs comprised bilaterally symmetrical alopecia extending from the middle part of the back down to the skin of the thighs and the dorsal and ventral parts of the tail. Demodex mites were found in skin scrapings from all cases. Treatment with amitraz at 250 p.p.m. resulted in resolution of lesions and hair regrowth. This is the first report of demodicosis in this species.  相似文献   

Development of alder carr after the abandonment of wet grasslands during the last 70 years     

Jan Douda  Alžběta Čejková  Karel Douda  Jana Kochánková 《Annals of Forest Science》2009,66(7):712-712

? The secondary succession of wet grasslands to communities of alder carr dominated by Alnus glutinosa was recorded in different parts of Europe during the 20th century. However, knowledge of such development of alder carr remains insufficient.

? The development of alder carr was reconstructed at five sites in the Czech Republic, using historical aerial photographs and methods of dendrochronology. The aims were to investigate the succession from wet grasslands to alder carr at sites previously intensively managed for agriculture and to find out the role of fluctuations in the groundwater table, caused by artificial drainage channels, in the observed stand dynamics and tree growth.

? The spread of forest (i.e., an increase in forest cover) predominated until the 1970s at all sites. This trend was disrupted by a large-scale dieback of forest stands in four of the five sites after the 1970s, followed by an increase in patch heterogeneity, as indicated by landscape metrics. The radial growth increment in Alnus glutinosa has been affected predominately by local environmental factors, probably including the changing degree of waterlogging. Forest dieback was presumably connected with a lesser extent of drainage channels.

? Our results indicate that observed successional pathways at sites of alder carr were probably caused by local changes in the groundwater table.

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Partial genome sequence of currant latent virus,a new chera-like virus related to Apple latent spherical virus     

Karel Petrzik  Jaroslava Přibylová  Josef Špak  Jan Havelka 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2015,81(2):142-145

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