Flavonoids from Radix Astragali induce the expression of erythropoietin in cultured cells: a signaling mediated via the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zheng KY  Choi RC  Cheung AW  Guo AJ  Bi CW  Zhu KY  Fu Q  Du Y  Zhang WL  Zhan JY  Duan R  Lau DT  Dong TT  Tsim KW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(5):1697-1704

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DNA methylation analysis on satellite I region in blastocysts obtained from somatic cell cloned cattle     

Ken‐ichi YAMANAKA  Masahiro KANEDA  Yasushi INABA  Koji SAITO  Kaiyu KUBOTA  Miki SAKATANI  Satoshi SUGIMURA  Kei IMAI  Shinya WATANABE  Masashi TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(4):523-530

Many observations have been made on cloned embryos and on adult clones by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), but it is still unclear whether the progeny of cloned animals is presenting normal epigenetic status. Here, in order to accumulate the information for evaluating the normality of cloned cattle, we analyzed the DNA methylation status on satellite I region in blastocysts obtained from cloned cattle. Embryos were produced by artificial insemination (AI) to non‐cloned or cloned dams using semen from non‐cloned or cloned sires. After 7 days of AI, embryos at blastocyst stage were collected by uterine flushing. The DNA methylation levels in embryos obtained by using semen and/or oocytes from cloned cattle were similar to those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned cattle. In contrast, the DNA methylation levels in SCNT embryos were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned and cloned cattle, approximately similar to those in somatic cells used as donor cells. Thus, this study provides useful information that epigenetic status may be normal in the progeny of cloned cattle, suggesting the normality of germline cells in cloned cattle.  相似文献   

Implications of global and regional patterns of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clades for risk management     

Pfeiffer DU  Otte MJ  Roland-Holst D  Inui K  Nguyen T  Zilberman D 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,(3):309-316

This paper analyses the publicly available data on the distribution and evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clades, whilst acknowledging the biases resulting from the non-random selection of isolates for gene sequencing. The data indicate molecular heterogeneity in the global distribution of HPAIV H5N1, in particular in different parts of East and Southeast Asia. Analysis of the temporal pattern of haemagglutinin clade data shows a progression from clade 0 (the ‘dominant’ clade between 1996 and 2002) to clade 1 (2003–2005) and then to clade 2.3.4 (2005 onwards). This process continuously produces variants, depending on the frequency of virus multiplication in the host population, which is influenced by geographical variation in poultry density, poultry production systems and also HPAI risk management measures such as vaccination. Increased multilateral collaboration needs to focus on developing enhanced disease surveillance and control targeted at evolutionary ‘hotspots’.  相似文献   

Molecular epidemiology of Plum pox virus in Japan     

Maejima K  Himeno M  Komatsu K  Takinami Y  Hashimoto M  Takahashi S  Yamaji Y  Oshima K  Namba S 《Phytopathology》2011,101(5):567-574

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The effect of membrane filtration on dissolved trace element concentrations     

Arthur J. Horowitz  Ken R. Lum  John R. Garbarino  Gwendy E. M. Hall  Claire Lemieux  Charles R. Demas 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1996,90(1-2):281-294

The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing The almost universally accepted operational definition for dissolved constituents is based on processing whole-water samples through a 0.45-μm membrane filter. Results from field and laboratory experiments indicate that a number of factors associated with filtration, other than just pore size (e.g., diameter, manufacturer, volume of sample processed, amount of suspended sediment in the sample), can produce substantial variations in the ‘disolved’ concentrations of such elements as Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni. These variations result from the inclusion/exclusion of colloidally-associated trace elements. Thus, 'dissolved' concentrations quantitated by analyzing filtrates generated by processing whole-water through similar pore-sized membrane filters may not be equal/comparable. As such, simple filtration through a 0.45-μm membrane filter may no longer represent an acceptable operational definition for dissolved chemical constituents. This conclusion may have important implications for environmental studies and regulatory agencies.  相似文献   

Food-drug interaction between ferulic acid and nateglinide involving the fluorescein/H+ cotransport system   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Itagaki S  Kobayashi Y  Otsuka Y  Kubo S  Kobayashi M  Hirano T  Iseki K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(7):2499-2502

In clinical, patients usually take many kinds of drugs at the same time. Thus, drug-drug interactions involving transporters can often directly affect the therapeutic safety and efficacy of many drugs. However, there have been few studies on food-drug interactions involving transporters. Dietary polyphenols have been widely assumed to be beneficial to human health. Polyphenols are commercially prepared and used as functional foods. We report here for the first time that ferulic acid, which is widely used as a functional food, affects the transport of clinical agents. It is important to be aware of the potential of food-drug interactions and to act in order to prevent undesirable and harmful clinical consequences.  相似文献   

Genetic factors determining varietal differences in characters affecting yield between two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties,Koshihikari and IR64     

Kazuhiro Ujiie  Toshio Yamamoto  Masahiro Yano  Ken Ishimaru 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(1):97-123

The yield of Koshihikari, a Japanese premium rice variety, is relatively lower than that of modern high yielding varieties. IR64 carries several well-known genes such as GS3, an important gene for grain size, sd-1, a semi-dwarf gene, and NARROW LEAF1 (NAL1), a gene for small, narrow flag leaves. In this study, we used two sets of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), from Koshihikari and IR64, and attempted to evaluate the genetic factors that cause differences between parents by analyzing the function of chromosome regions affecting a trait (CRATs). For 28 traits, we identified 312 CRATs in the Koshihikari background and 275 in the IR64 background. In these, donor alleles had positive effects in 84 and 103 CRATs, respectively. Among these, the CRAT related to GS3 and those for grain number expanded the potential sink size in Koshihikari, although this did not affect final yield. The combination of CRATs that enhances source ability may increase grain yield. Although the sd-1 gene might improve resistance to lodging, the yield of CSSLs with sd-1 decreased by 28.7 %. These results suggest that the smaller biomass conferred by sd-1 might reduce canopy photosynthesis. In the Koshihikari background, the CRAT related to NAL1 and those located on chr. 6 increased SPAD value but had the opposite effect on leaf size. Two CRATs that were detected on chr. 6 and 7 increased leaf area without any effect on the SPAD value. The combination of these CRATs for area and SPAD value might improve source ability.  相似文献   

云南东方蜜蜂形态特征与环境因子相关性的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

谭垦  和绍禹  张炫  周丹银 《蜜蜂杂志》2002,20(3):6-7

云南东方蜜蜂种群内遗传变异丰富 ,每个形态性状特征均具有丰富的多态性 ,种群间具多型性 ,且种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性[1～ 3 ] 。从滇南 -滇中 -滇西北 ,随纬度或海拔的增加 ,形态特征变异的总趋势是 :蜜蜂个体增大、体色变深。具体是 :1.前翅长、宽 ,背板 3、 4宽 ;2 .后腿长 ,蜡镜长、宽 ,蜡镜间距 ,腹片 3、 6的长和宽逐渐增加 ;3.背板 3、 4的色素度 ,小盾片的色素度逐渐加深。云南东方蜜蜂种群形态性状的多态性、多型性及其生态地理变异式样 ,均具有生态适应意义 :与云南东方蜜蜂分布区的气候特点相适应 ,而且还与海拔高度和纬度的变化有着密切的适应关系  相似文献   

The veterinarian and animal welfare          下载免费PDF全文

Ken L. Mould 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1994,35(7):411-412

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Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed on milk and serum samples for detection of paratuberculosis in lactating dairy cows   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hendrick SH  Duffield TE  Kelton DE  Leslie KE  Lissemore KD  Archambault M 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,226(3):424-428

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether results obtained for milk and serum samples with ELISAs intended for diagnosis of paratuberculosis in dairy cows were comparable to results obtained by means of mycobacterial culture of fecal samples. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 689 lactating dairy cows in 9 Ontario herds. PROCEDURE: Milk, serum, and fecal samples were obtained from all cows. Fecal samples were submitted for mycobacterial culture. Serum samples were tested with a commercially available ELISA for antibodies against Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, and preserved milk samples were tested with an indirect ELISA for antibodies against M paratuberculosis. RESULTS: Results were positive for 130 of the 689 (18.9%) serum samples, 77 of the 689 (11.1%) milk samples, and 72 of the 689 (10.4%) fecal samples. The level of agreement between results for milk and serum samples was only moderate. Proportions of positive results for serum and fecal samples were significantly different, but proportions of positive results for milk and fecal samples were not significantly different. In addition, results for milk samples had a higher level of agreement with results of mycobacterial culture than did results for serum samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that the indirect ELISA used on milk samples may be a convenient method of detecting paratuberculosis in dairy herds.  相似文献