黄羽肉鸡育肥期维生素A、E适宜添加量研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵芸君  文杰  陈继兰  赵桂萍  郑麦清  雒秋江 《畜牧兽医学报》2005,36(7):654-660

选体重和脚胫颜色度接近的56日龄黄羽肉鸡共960只,随机分为16个处理组,每处理60只鸡。采用双因子4×4水平的随机试验设计,4个维生素A添加水平(0、5000、10000、20000IU/kg)和4个维生素E添加水平(0、30、60、120IU/kg)。结果表明:在维生素A0～10000IU/kg、维生素E0～60IU/kg范围内,黄羽肉鸡的日增重和饲料报酬逐渐提高;日粮维生素A添加量超过10000IU/kg,血浆中维生素E含量有下降趋势。高水平维生素A(20000IU/kg),升高血浆TBARS值,大剂量维生素E(120IU/kg),提高机体脂质稳定性。日粮添加20000IU/kg维生素A对色素的沉积有抑制作用,随维生素E水平的上升,皮肤的颜色指数呈现上升趋势。维生素A和E含量及其互作对血清新城疫抗体效价有显著影响。综合考虑,黄羽肉鸡育肥期维生素A、E的适宜添加量分别为5000～10000IU/kg,30～60IU/kg。  相似文献   

小叶锦鸡儿根瘤固氮活性的动态变化     

陶林  高洪文  樊奋成 《中国草地学报》2005,27(3):53-56

对多年生小叶锦鸡儿不同生育期根瘤固氮能力、不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿根瘤固氮能力进行调查,结果表明:开花期固氮酶活性最高,此时土壤含氮量和植株含氮量最高;新瘤多发生于果后营养期,植株生物量的峰值出现在结实期;二年生和五年生植株的根瘤固氮能力强于三年、四年生植株,随生长年限的延长,植株生物量逐渐增大,含氮量呈小幅度下降趋势。  相似文献   

4种日粮条件下30～150日龄羔羊瘤胃消化代谢功能的变化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

朱文涛  雒秋江  古丽尼沙  李戍江  徐新文  唐志高 《畜牧兽医学报》2005,36(11):1145-1149

将16只30日龄体重约6～10kg装有瘤胃瘘管的罗姆尼与新疆美利奴羊杂交公羔分为4组，分别喂以不同消化能（DE，MJ／kg）和蛋白质（CP，％）水平的日粮（DE／CP：11．91／20、11．91／14、8．15／20和8．15／14），以15d为一研究时间段，每时间段的第9、10和11天在第一次喂料后的第0、1、3、6和9h采取瘤胃液样品，以研究30～150日龄期间羔羊瘤胃消化代谢的变化规律。结果表明，羔羊瘤胃液pH、氨态氮、丙酸、乙＋丙＋丁酸浓度随日龄而不断升高，在100日龄时趋于稳定，并且受日粮营养水平的影响。乙酸浓度的变化虽也受日龄和日粮营养水平的影响，但相对较小。羔羊瘤胃液体积在120日内几乎增加了15倍，并且也受日粮营养水平的影响。研究表明瘤胃消化代谢的发育是渐进性的，在100日龄时各项指标均趋于稳定，并且瘤胃液体积的增大对于瘤胃消化代谢能力的发育起着首要的作用。  相似文献   

微卫星与金华猪生长性状关系的研究     

罗玉衡  张金枝  孙万元  徐宁迎  蒋涛 《畜牧与兽医》2005,37(7):12-15

采用微卫星标记多重扩增结合荧光标记检测技术,对152头金华猪种群的30个微卫星位点的不同基因型与生长发育性状的关系进行了初步分析和显著性检测。结果显示SW 2476、SW 0215、SW 24等3个微卫星位点不同基因型间的出生重差异显著;SW 902、S0143、SW 0215、S0228、SW 24等5个微卫星位点不同基因型间的60日龄重差异显著;S0178、S0218、S0255、S0155、SW 951等5个微卫星位点不同基因型的4月龄重差异显著;而S0217微卫星位点的不同基因型的6月龄重差异显著。  相似文献   

Canine GM2‐Gangliosidosis Sandhoff Disease Associated with a 3‐Base Pair Deletion in the HEXB Gene          下载免费PDF全文

P. Wang  P.S. Henthorn  E. Galban  G. Lin  T. Takedai  M. Casal 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):340-347

Background

GM2‐gangliosidosis is a fatal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by deficiency of either β‐hexosaminidase A (Hex‐A) and β‐hexosaminidase B (Hex‐B) together, or the GM2 activator protein. Clinical signs can be variable and are not pathognomonic for the specific, causal deficiency.

Objectives

To characterize the phenotype and genotype of GM2‐gangliosidosis disease in an affected dog.

Animals

One affected Shiba Inu and a clinically healthy dog.

Methods

Clinical and neurologic evaluation, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), assays of lysosomal enzyme activities, and sequencing of all coding regions of HEXA, HEXB, and GM2A genes.

Results

A 14‐month‐old, female Shiba Inu presented with clinical signs resembling GM2‐gangliosidosis in humans and GM1‐gangliosidosis in the Shiba Inu. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the dog's brain indicated neurodegenerative disease, and evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) identified storage granules in leukocytes. Lysosomal enzyme assays of plasma and leukocytes showed deficiencies of Hex‐A and Hex‐B activities in both tissues. Genetic analysis identified a homozygous, 3‐base pair deletion in the HEXB gene (c.618‐620delCCT).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Clinical, biochemical, and molecular features are characterized in a Shiba Inu with GM2‐gangliosidosis. The deletion of 3 adjacent base pairs in HEXB predicts the loss of a leucine residue at amino acid position 207 (p.Leu207del) supporting the hypothesis that GM2‐gangliosidosis seen in this dog is the Sandhoff type. Because GM1‐gangliosidosis also exists in this breed with almost identical clinical signs, genetic testing for both GM1‐ and GM2‐gangliosidosis should be considered to make a definitive diagnosis.  相似文献   

降水格局对科尔沁沙地三种草本植物凋落物分解的影响     

罗永清  岳祥飞  李玉强  赵学勇  丁杰萍  闫志强 《草业学报》2018,27(2):206-212

基于研究区多年降水特征,设置高频低量、中频中量和低频高量3种降水格局,采用凋落物分解袋法,对科尔沁沙地3种常见一年生草本植物一个生长季地上和地下凋落物分解特征进行了研究。结果表明,降水格局和凋落物埋深均是影响分解率的关键因素。其中地表凋落物的分解率显著低于地下凋落物,随埋深增加地下凋落物的分解率有增加的趋势,10~20 cm层狗尾草地下凋落物分解率显著高于0~10 cm层(P<0.01)。低频高量降水状况下地上凋落物的分解率显著降低(P<0.01)。降水格局与凋落物埋深存在显著的耦合关系(F=3.60, P=0.008),随土壤深度增加,降水格局对凋落物分解率的影响减少,且物种间存在差异性,不同降水格局下狗尾草和黄蒿地上凋落物和0~10 cm埋深地下凋落物分解率均存在显著差异性(P<0.05),而尖头叶藜仅地上凋落物在不同降水格局下的分解率表现出显著差异性(F=48.42, P<0.001)。  相似文献   

干旱年份沙质草地生态系统净CO2通量年变化特征     

牛亚毅  李玉强  王旭洋  龚相文  罗永清  田德宇 《草业学报》2018,27(1):215-221

草地生态系统是干旱半干旱区生态系统类型的重要组成部分,在区域生态系统碳平衡中起着极为重要的作用。采用涡度相关法对科尔沁沙质草地生态系统进行连续两年(2015和2016年)的碳通量观测,此两年恰逢研究区的相对干旱之年,年降水量约为历史平均值的60%。研究结果表明:1)年最大日均CO₂吸收速率分别为-6.68和-9.58 g·m^-2·d^-1,年最大日均释放速率分别为5.69和5.21 g·m^-2·d^-1。2)生长季(5-9月)碳吸收量分别为-120.54和-139.83 g·m^-2,非生长季碳释放量分别为230.33和212.82 g·m^-2。3)全年尺度上沙质草地生态系统表现为碳源,2015年净碳释放量(109.79 g·m^-2·年^-1)稍高于2016年(72.99 g·m^-2·年^-1)。4)生态系统净CO₂交换量(NEE)与空气温度、土壤温度及土壤湿度存在显著相关关系,但不同年份同期NEE对环境温度和湿度的响应程度不尽一致。  相似文献   

Bioavailability of suppository acetaminophen in healthy and hospitalized ill dogs          下载免费PDF全文

E. R. Sikina  J. F. Bach  Z. Lin  R. Gehring  B. KuKanich 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(5):652-658

To determine the plasma pharmacokinetics of suppository acetaminophen (APAP) in healthy dogs and clinically ill dogs. This prospective study used six healthy client‐owned and 20 clinically ill hospitalized dogs. The healthy dogs were randomized by coin flip to receive APAP orally or as a suppository in crossover study design. Blood samples were collected up to 10 hr after APAP dosing. The hospitalized dogs were administered APAP as a suppository, and blood collected at 2 and 6 hr after dosing. Plasma samples were analyzed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. In healthy dogs, oral APAP maximal concentration (C_MAX=2.69 μg/ml) was reached quickly (T_MAX=1.04 hr) and eliminated rapidly (T1/2 = 1.81 hr). Suppository APAP was rapidly, but variably absorbed (C_MAX=0.52 μg/ml T_MAX=0.67 hr) and eliminated (T_1/2 = 3.21 hr). The relative (to oral) fraction of the suppository dose absorbed was 30% (range <1%–67%). In hospitalized ill dogs, the suppository APAP mean plasma concentration at 2 hr and 6 hr was 1.317 μg/ml and 0.283 μg/ml. Nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling did not identify significant covariates affecting variability and was similar to noncompartmental results. Results supported that oral and suppository acetaminophen in healthy and clinical dogs did not reach or sustain concentrations associated with efficacy. Further studies performed on different doses are needed.  相似文献   

The construction and application of a population physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for methadone in Beagles and Greyhounds          下载免费PDF全文

Trevor Elwell‐Cuddy  Miao Li  Butch KuKanich  Zhoumeng Lin 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(5):670-683

Methadone is an opioid analgesic in veterinary and human medicine. To help develop appropriate pain management practices and to develop a quantitative model for predicting methadone dosimetry, a flow‐limited multiroute physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for methadone in dogs constructed with Berkeley Madonna? was developed. The model accounts for intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC), and oral administrations, and compartmentalizes the body into different components. This model was calibrated from plasma pharmacokinetic data after IV administration of methadone in Beagles and Greyhounds. The calibrated model was evaluated with independent data in both breeds of dogs. One advantage of this model is that most physiological parameter values for Greyhounds were taken directly from the original literature. The developed model simulates available pharmacokinetic data for plasma concentrations well for both breeds. After conducting regression analysis, all simulated datasets produced an R ² > 0.80 when compared to the measured plasma concentrations. Comparative analysis of the dosimetry of methadone between the breeds suggested that Greyhounds had ~50% lower 24‐hr area under the curve (AUC) of plasma or brain concentrations than in Beagles. Furthermore, population analysis was conducted with this study. This model can be used to predict methadone concentrations in multiple dog breeds using breed‐specific parameters.  相似文献   

Effect of gut stress induced by oxidized wheat gluten on the growth performance,gut morphology and oxidative states of broilers          下载免费PDF全文

R. B. Liao  H. J. Yan  G. H. Liu  S. Zhang  W. H. Chang  W. Liu  C. H. Lin  X. Y. Huang  H. Y. Cai 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(2):e849-e855

This study was to investigate the effect of oxidized wheat gluten (OG) on growth performance, gut morphology and its oxidative states of broilers. One hundred and eighty‐day‐old male broilers (10 chicks/pen) were randomly allocated into three dietary treatments: control diet (CON), diet with 8% wheat gluten (WG) and diet with 8% OG with six pens/treatment. Body weight (BW) (21 and 35 days) and average daily gain (ADG) (1–21 days and 22–35 days) decreased (p < .05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1–21 days and 22–35 days) increased (p < .05) in OG treatment. Feed intake (FI) decreased (p < .05) in WG and OG treatments during 22–35 days. However, FI was not influenced by dietary treatments during 1–21 days (p > .05). The OG‐fed broilers had a lower faecal pH value (p < .05) and higher faecal moisture content (p < 05) at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. Villus height, crypt depth and V/C value were not different (p > .05) among treatments at 21 and 35 days. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) (21 and 35 days) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (35 days) content in crop of OG treatment increased (p < .05). Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (21 days), LPO (21 and 35 days) and MDA (21 and 35 days) content in ileum of OG treatment increased (p < .05). The reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) (21 days) and (GSH) (35 days) in ileum of OG treatment decreased (p < .05). The present findings indicate that OG might be a stressor for broiler gut, which could induce oxidative stress both in crop and in ileum, and the diarrhoea as well. The growth performance of broiler was consequently depressed.  相似文献