Retrospective evaluation of 155 adult equids and 21 foals with tetanus in Western,Northern, and Central Europe (2000–2014). Part 1: Description of history and clinical evolution          下载免费PDF全文

Gaby van Galen DVM  PhD  DECEIM  DECVECC  Claude Saegerman DVM  PhD  DECVPH  Joke Rijckaert DVM  Helene Amory DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Lara Armengou DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Barbora Bezdekova DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Inge Durie DVM  DECEIM  Rikke Findshøj Delany DVM  Nathalie Fouché DVM  DVM  Laura Haley MVB  Michael Hewetson BVSc  DECEIM  Rene van den Hoven DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Anna Kendall DVM  DECEIM  Fernando Malalana DVM  DECEIM  MRCVS  Jessika Muller Cavalleri DVM  DECEIM  PhD  Tresemiek Picavet DVM  DECEIM  PhD  Katja Roscher DVM  DECEIM  Denis Verwilghen DVM  PhD  DECVS  Meret Wehrli Eser DVM  DECEIM  Cornélie Westermann DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Tim Mair BVSc  PhD  DECEIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(6):684-696

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Whole genome sequencing of enriched chloroplast DNA using the Illumina GAII platform     

Robin A Atherton  Bennet J McComish  Lara D Shepherd  Lorraine A Berry  Nick W Albert  Peter J Lockhart 《Plant methods》2010,6(1):22

Background  

Complete chloroplast genome sequences provide a valuable source of molecular markers for studies in molecular ecology and evolution of plants. To obtain complete genome sequences, recent studies have made use of the polymerase chain reaction to amplify overlapping fragments from conserved gene loci. However, this approach is time consuming and can be more difficult to implement where gene organisation differs among plants. An alternative approach is to first isolate chloroplasts and then use the capacity of high-throughput sequencing to obtain complete genome sequences. We report our findings from studies of the latter approach, which used a simple chloroplast isolation procedure, multiply-primed rolling circle amplification of chloroplast DNA, Illumina Genome Analyzer II sequencing, and de novo assembly of paired-end sequence reads.  相似文献   

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of gold nanoparticles functionalized with amine-terminated alkanethiols     

Techane SD  Gamble LJ  Castner DG 《Biointerphases》2011,6(3):98

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a short chain amine-terminated alkanethiol (HS-(CH(2))(2)NH(2) or C2 NH(2)-thiol) are prepared via a direct synthesis method and then ligand-exchanged with a long chain amine-terminated alkanethiol (HS-(CH(2))(11)NH(2) or C11 NH(2)-thiol). Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed the AuNPs were relatively spherical with a median diameter of 24.2?±?4.3 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine surface chemistry of the functionalized and purified AuNPs. The ligand-exchange process was monitored within the time range from 30 min to 61 days. By the fourth day of exchange all the C2 NH(2)-thiol molecules had been replaced by C11 NH(2)-thiol molecules. C11 NH(2)-thiol molecules continued to be incorporated into the C11 NH(2) self-assembled monolayer between days 4 and 14 of ligand-exchange. As the length of the exchange time increased, the functionalized AuNPs became more stable against aggregation. The samples were purified by a centrifugation and resuspension method. The C2 NH(2) covered AuNPs aggregated immediately when purification was attempted. The C11 NH(2) covered AuNPs could be purified with minimal or no aggregation. Small amounts of unbound thiol (～15%) and oxidized sulfur (～20%) species were detected on the ligand-exchanged AuNPs. Some of the unbound thiol and all of the oxidized sulfur could be removed by treating the functionalized AuNPs with HCl.  相似文献   

Preharvest calcium sprays improve volatile emission at commercial harvest of 'Fuji Kiku-8' apples     

Ortiz A  Graell J  Lara I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(1):335-341

Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) fruit intended for long-term storage are frequently harvested commercially before becoming fully ripe, often resulting in poor aroma development. Since postharvest calcium dips have proved effective for the enhancement of flavor-related volatile esters after cold storage of apples, this study was undertaken in order to assess whether preharvest calcium sprays (7 weekly applications at 1.6%, w/v, 81-123 days after full bloom) could also aid in improving this important attribute at harvest. This procedure significantly increased calcium content in treated fruit. The emission of aroma-related volatile esters by untreated and calcium-treated 'Fuji' apples was then monitored during maturation and ripening over two months prior to commercial harvest. Results indicate that most of the compounds contributing to overall flavor in ripe fruit were enhanced in response to preharvest calcium applications, suggesting that this procedure may be suitable for the improvement of fruit aroma at harvest. The emission of acetate esters was particularly favored, consistent with higher acetaldehyde contents in treated fruit. These effects arose apparently from increased pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activities, possibly leading to a better supply of alcohols and acyl CoAs for ester biosynthesis.  相似文献   

Validation of an ELISA method for the serological diagnosis of canine brucellosis due to Brucella canis     

Maria Zoraida Daltro de Oliveira  Vera Vale  Lara Keid  Songeli Menezes Freire  Roberto Meyer  Ricardo Wagner Portela  Stella Maria Barrouin-Melo   《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(3):425-431

In the present study, the validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serodiagnosis of canine brucellosis is described. Two different antigenic extracts, obtained by heat or ultrasonic homogenization of microbial antigens from a wild isolate of Brucella canis bacteria, were compared by ELISA and Western blot (WB). A total of 145 canine sera were used to define sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the ELISA as follows: (1) sera from 34 animals with natural B. canis infection, confirmed by blood culture and PCR, as well as 51 sera samples from healthy dogs with negative results by the agar–gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test for canine brucellosis, were used as the control panel for B. canis infection; and (2) to scrutinize the possibility of cross reactions with other common dog infections in the same geographical area in Brazil, 60 sera samples from dogs harboring known infections by Leptospira sp., Ehrlichia canis, canine distemper virus (CDV), Neospora caninum, Babesia canis and Leishmania chagasi (10 in each group) were included in the study. The ELISA using heat soluble bacterial extract (HE-antigen) as antigen showed the best values of sensitivity (91.18%), specificity (100%) and accuracy (96.47%). In the WB analyses, the HE-antigen showed no cross-reactivity with sera from dogs with different infections, while the B. canis sonicate had various protein bands identified by those sera. The performance of the ELISA standardized with the heat soluble B. canis antigen indicates that this assay can be used as a reliable and practical method to confirm infection by this microorganism, as well as a tool for seroepidemiological studies.  相似文献   

Virulence genes and plasmid profiles in Rhodococcus equi isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Brazil     

Ribeiro MG  Takai S  Guazzelli A  Lara GH  da Silva AV  Fernandes MC  Condas LA  Siqueira AK  Salerno T 《Research in veterinary science》2011,91(3):478-481

The virulence genes and plasmid profiles of 23 Rhodococcus equi isolates from 258 lymph nodes from domestic pigs (129 nodes with lesions and 129 without lesions) and 120 lymph nodes from slaughtered wild boars (60 nodes with lesions and 60 without) were characterized. R. equi was obtained from 19 lymph nodes of domestic pigs, 17 with, and two without lesions, and from four lymph nodes with lesions, from wild boars. The 23 isolates were tested for the presence of vapA and vapB genes, responsible for the 15–17 and 20 kDa virulence-associated proteins, respectively, by PCR in order to characterize as virulent (VapA), intermediately virulent (VapB) and avirulent. Plasmid DNAs were isolated and analyzed by digestion with restriction endonucleases to estimate size and compare their polymorphisms. Of the 19 domestic pigs strains, seven (36.8%) were avirulent and 12 (63.2%) were intermediately virulent, with the intermediately virulent isolates being plasmid types 8 (8 isolates), 10 (2 isolates), 1 (1 isolate) and 29 (1 isolate). The plasmid type of four strains isolated from wild boars was also intermediately virulent type 8. None of the domestic pigs and wild boar isolates showed the vapA gene. These findings demonstrate a high occurrence of plasmid type 8 in isolates from pigs and wild boars, and the similarity of plasmid types in the domestic pigs, wild boars and human isolates in Brazil.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Mycobacterium spp. and other pathogens in lymph nodes of slaughtered swine and wild boars (Sus scrofa)     

Gustavo Henrique Batista Lara  Clarice Queico Fujimura Leite  Alessandro Guazzelli  Adolfo Carlos Barreto Santos 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(2):185-188

Mycobacterium spp. and other pathogens were investigated in 258 swine lymph nodes (129 with and 129 without apparent lesions), and 120 lymph nodes (60 with and 60 without lesions) from wild boars (Sus scrofa). A total of lymph nodes from swine and wild boars were collected of different animals. Submaxillar and mesenteric lymph nodes were submitted to microbiological examination and colonies suggestive of Mycobacterium spp. (alcohol-acid bacilli) were submitted to PCR Restriction Assay (PRA). In swine with lymphadenitis, Mycobacterium spp. (24.1%) and Rhodococcus equi (13.2%) were the most prevalent microorganisms, while in lymph nodes without lesions were identified a complex of microorganisms, including of environmental mycobacteria. In wild boars with lymphadenitis, ß-haemolytic Streptococcus (10.0%), Mycobacterium spp (8.4%) and R. equi (6.6%) were the most frequent. Among mycobacterias were identified predominantly Mycobacterium avium subspecies type 1 (48.3%) and M. avium subspecies type 2 (16.1%), followed by Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium szulgai,Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium gordonae, Mycobacterium simiae, Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum and Mycobacterium intracellulare type 2.  相似文献   

Identification of Hammondia heydorni oocysts by a heminested-PCR (hnPCR-AP10) based on the H. heydorni RAPD fragment AP10     

Soares RM  Lopes EG  Keid LB  Sercundes MK  Martins J  Richtzenhain LJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(1-2):168-172

Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia hammondi, Neospora caninum, Neospora hughesi and Hammondia heydorni are members of the Toxoplasmatinae sub-family. They are closely related coccidians with similarly sized oocysts. Molecular diagnostic techniques, especially those based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can be successfully applied for the differentiation of Hammondia-like oocysts. In this paper, we describe a rapid and simple method for the identification of H. heydorni oocysts among other members of the Toxoplasmatinae sub-family, using a heminested-PCR (hnPCR-AP10) based on a H. heydorni RAPD fragment available in molecular database. DNA of oocysts of H. heydorni yielded a specific fragment of 289-290 bp in the heminested-PCR assay. No product was yielded when the primers were used for the amplification of DNA extracted from T. gondii, N. caninum, N. hughesi and H. hammondi, thus allowing the differentiation of H. heydorni among other members of the Toxoplasmatinae sub-family. The hnPCR-AP10 was capable of detecting H. heydorni genetic sequences from suspensions with at least 10 oocysts. In conclusion, the hnPCR-AP10 proved to be a reliable method to be used in the identification of H. heydorni oocysts from feces of dogs.  相似文献   

Surgical technique, postoperative complications and outcome in 14 dogs treated for hydrocephalus by ventriculoperitoneal shunting     

de Stefani A  de Risio L  Platt SR  Matiasek L  Lujan-Feliu-Pascual A  Garosi LS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2011,40(2):183-191

Objective: To report frequency and type of complications, and outcome in dogs with severe neurologic signs secondary to internal, suspected obstructive hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Dogs (n=14). Methods: Medical records (2001–2006) was reviewed for dogs that had VP shunting. Inclusion criteria were complete medical record, progressive forebrain signs unresponsive to medical treatment, normal metabolic profile, negative antibody titers and/or cerebrospinal PCR for Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and canine distemper virus, magnetic resonance images of the brain, confirmed diagnosis of VP shunting, and follow‐up information. Results: Hydrocephalus was idiopathic in 5 dogs and acquired (interventricular tumors, intraventricular hemorrhage, inflammatory disease) in 9 dogs. Four dogs developed complications 1 week to 18 months postoperatively, including ventricular catheter migration, infection, shunt under‐drainage, kinking of the peritoneal catheter, valve fracture, and abdominal skin necrosis. Three of these dogs had 1 or more successful revision surgeries and 1 dog was successfully treated with antibiotics. All, but 1 dog, were discharged within 1 week of surgery, and had substantial neurologic improvement. Median survival time for all dogs was 320 days (1–2340 days), for dogs with idiopathic hydrocephalus, 274 (60–420) days and for dogs with secondary hydrocephalus, 365 (1–2340) days. Conclusions: VP shunting was successful in relieving neurologic signs in most dogs and postoperative complications occurred in 29%, but were resolved medically or surgically.  相似文献   

Successful tracheoscopy‐assisted reconstruction of traumatic tracheal avulsion in a cat     

Michelle R. Joffe  Christopher J. Tan  Lara A. Boland  Joanna L. Pilton  Mara C. Hickey 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(4):467-473

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