不同氮肥对污染土壤玉米生长和重金属Cu、Cd吸收的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙磊  郝秀珍  周东美  张进 《玉米科学》2014,22(3):137-141,147

采用盆栽试验研究污染红壤不同氮肥处理对玉米生长和吸收重金属Cu和Cd的影响。结果表明,尿素和硝酸钙处理玉米生物量高于低硫酸铵用量处理和对照处理。在污染土壤中施入高氮量的尿素较其他处理有利于玉米生长和降低玉米植株体内重金属含量。与对照相比,尿素和硫酸铵的施用降低土壤pH值,从而增加红壤水溶态以及盐提取态Cu、Cd含量;硝酸钙处理升高土壤的pH值,降低盐提取态Cu含量。用1.0 mol/L NH₄NO₃盐提取态或水溶态根区土壤重金属含量能够很好地预测玉米对Cu和Cd的吸收。在Cu和Cd污染的酸性土壤上种植玉米,施加高用量尿素或者低用量硝酸钙来促进玉米生长和降低重金属含量,避免硫酸铵氮肥的施用。  相似文献   

一种EGCG单体纯化新工艺     

黄磊  杨军国  付杰  夏小欢  裘珺琳  陈旭东 《茶叶科学技术》2014,(2):12-17

以粗酯型儿茶素为原料,研究采用大孔吸附树脂和结晶纯化儿茶素单体EGCG的制备工艺。通过比较4种大孔吸附树脂对EGCG的吸附和解吸能力,筛选出最优树脂AB-8,并考察乙醇梯度洗脱等特性,再经过结晶析出EGCG晶体。结果表明:AB-8大孔吸附树脂对EGCG具有较好的吸附选择性,通过10%乙醇洗脱,EGCG产品纯度从54.41%提高到了92.65%,得率达93.38%,结晶后得纯度达98%以上的EGCG单体。  相似文献   

大麦小孢子再生植株气孔保卫细胞长度与倍性的相关性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何婷  郭桂梅  陈志伟  杜志钊  高润红  徐红卫  邹磊  卜姝明  黄亦辰  刘成洪 《麦类作物学报》2014,34(2):175-180

为了建立一种快速鉴定大麦小孢子来源植株倍性的方法,对大麦品种"花30"不同倍性(种子来源二倍体,小孢子来源单倍体和单倍体加倍系)早期植株的不同叶位、不同叶片部位的气孔保卫细胞长度进行了测定,考察了不同取材部位气孔保卫细胞长度的差异,对种子来源二倍体、小孢子来源单倍体和单倍体加倍材料的气孔保卫细胞长度的分布进行了区分。结果表明,"花30"单倍体材料的气孔保卫细胞长度在不同叶位以及不同叶片部位差异较小,而单倍体加倍材料和种子来源二倍体材料受叶片部位影响较大,单倍体和二倍体材料间气孔保卫细胞的长度差异显著,而单倍体加倍材料和种子来源二倍体材料间气孔保卫细胞长度未观察到明显差异。单倍体和单倍体加倍材料气孔保卫细胞的长度值范围分别为26.9~37.7μm和36.7~62.1μm;利用37μm临界值可对大麦小孢子来源的DH群体中的单倍体进行快速区分。  相似文献   

向日葵品种抗向日葵螟鉴定及抗性评价方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

云晓鹏  白全江  杜磊  徐利敏 《中国油料作物学报》2014,36(3):380

利用田间自然抗虫鉴定法连续3年在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市对56个向日葵品种进行了抗向日葵螟鉴定,结果表明,17个油葵品种中除P50表现为中抗（籽粒被害率为6.7%）,其余品种全部表现为高抗,籽粒被害率均在0～2.5%;而39个食葵品种中仅新食葵7号表现为高抗（籽粒被害率为1.9%）,其余多表现为感虫或高感,籽粒被害率在5.8%～54.1%。进一步利用黑色素鉴定法对所有品种进行了室内检测,其结果与田间抗虫鉴定结果基本吻合。由此认为：在进行田间自然抗虫鉴定时,宜根据田间向日葵螟成虫种群动态选择适宜的播期,使向日葵的开花期与向日葵螟成虫发生盛期尽量吻合,以提高害虫对向日葵的选择压力和鉴定结果的科学性,同时避免出现播期避害现象,干扰鉴定结果的准确性。  相似文献   

Determination of optimal system parameters to measure bending property of fabric based on the CHES-FY system     

Cao Sun  Ruiqiang Gao  Linge He  Zhaoqun Du 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(4):874-881

The main content of the paper is to determine the optimal system parameters to measure bending property of fabric based on the Comprehensive Handle Evaluation System for Fabric and Yarn (CHES-FY). Four system parameters of the CHES-FY system were selected, including space distance between a pair of jaws, space distance between Bi-U-shaped pins, vertical distance between a pair of jaws and Bi-U-shaped pins, and diameter of Bi-U-shaped pins. In order to both determine the sequence of significant influences of the four system parameters on bending property, and to determine the optimal values of the four parameters to measure bending property of fabric, the Orthogonal design method was adopted to set the four system parameters as four factors and to assign four levels to each factor. Correlations were conducted between bending property and the featured indices (slope and peak value) from the pulling-out force and displacement curves recorded by the CHES-FY system. Comparing results show that the featured indices have good relations with both bending rigidity and bending length measured by FAST-2 meter as well as drape coefficient. Range values and average values are used to assess the significant relation of both factors and factor’s levels with bending property of fabric. The sequence of significant influences of the four system parameters on bending property are diameter of Bi-U-shaped pins, space distance between Bi-U-shaped pins, vertical distance between a pair of jaws and Bi-U-shaped pins, and space distance between a pair of jaws. Moreover, the optimal parameters’ levels are also obtained to better measure bending property of fabric. It indicates that the optimal system parameters of the CHES-FY system are a highly effective combination in evaluating bending property of fabric.  相似文献   

Climate change’s impact on irrigation system and farmers’ response: a case study of the Plaichumpol Irrigation Project,Phitsanulok Province,Thailand     

Sucharit Koontanakulvong  Winai Chaowiwat  Tetsuro Miyazato 《Paddy and Water Environment》2014,12(2):241-254

The Plaichumpol Irrigation Project, in Nan Basin of Thailand, is selected as a case study of impact study, where farmers depended on both surface and groundwater sources (especially in the dry year), to assess the impact on irrigation systems. The study used the MRI-GCM data to project the future climate condition and assess the impact on irrigation systems focusing on water shortage and groundwater pumping aspects in the selected consecutive dry years. The responses from farmers on the impact and adaptation were also gathered via site interviews and analyzed. Based on the bias-corrected MRI-GCM data, the annual rainfall in Nan Basin will decrease in the near future (2015–2039), compared with the past average data (1979–2006), while the rainfall will increase in the far future (2075–2099) compared with past. Water supply from dam will decrease in wet season and dry season, while water demand in both of near future and far future will increase in wet season and dry season. Less water shortage and groundwater pumping in both near-future and far-future periods are expected in the future consecutive dry years compared with the past, though the groundwater is still an important supplementary irrigation water source in the dry year. From the field interview, the farmers are ready to adapt to the changing situations and join in the water use meeting to follow up with irrigation officers about the adjustment of plant calendar and water allocation due to the climate change and to prepare adaptation measures as necessary.  相似文献   

Evaluation of technologies for sequestering carbon in agricultural land by using organic filter underdrains     

Iwao Kitagawa  Yasutaka Tsukamoto 《Paddy and Water Environment》2014,12(2):287-294

Technology for storing carbon in the subsoil of agricultural land using organic filter materials in underdrains was evaluated as an activity for sequestering CO₂ to mitigate global warming. First, the quantity of carbon remaining in wood chips and rice husks in underdrains was determined over 11 years after construction. Moreover, the quantity of CO₂ emissions from the construction of two underdrain types was calculated. Then, a survey was conducted to investigate the effect on greenhouse gas emissions of the filter material. The results indicate that greenhouse gas emissions would not increase. The quantity of storage carbon in the wood chip filter material of underdrains during their 15-year service life was estimated to be 6.76 tCO₂eq ha^?1. Rice husks, in contrast, were found ineffective in storing carbon. Therefore, the selection of the filter material for underdrains is important. The value of storage carbon in the wood chip filter material is similar to the amount of carbon sequestered by no-till farming, which is now being implemented as a global warming countermeasure based on soil management in agricultural land.  相似文献   

Marine Sponge Derived Natural Products between 2001 and 2010: Trends and Opportunities for Discovery of Bioactives     

Mohammad Ferdous Mehbub  Jie Lei  Christopher Franco  Wei Zhang 《Marine drugs》2014,12(8):4539-4577

Marine sponges belonging to the phylum Porifera (Metazoa), evolutionarily the oldest animals are the single best source of marine natural products. The present review presents a comprehensive overview of the source, taxonomy, country of origin or geographical position, chemical class, and biological activity of sponge-derived new natural products discovered between 2001 and 2010. The data has been analyzed with a view to gaining an outlook on the future trends and opportunities in the search for new compounds and their sources from marine sponges.  相似文献   

5年生种植人参对正常成年小鼠睡眠的影响     

谢湘林  刘蕾  方圣博  杜冰  睢大筼  刘宏雁 《人参研究》2014,(1):23-25

目的观察5年生种植人参食用对正常成年小鼠睡眠的影响,为人参的食用提供实验依据。方法正常成年昆明小鼠140只,雌雄各半,体重18-22g,随机分为10组,即:对照组,5年生种植人参原粉小、中、大剂量(0.25、0.5、1.0g生药/kg)组,5年生种植人参水提物小、中、大剂量(0.25、0.5、1.0g生药/kg)组,5年生种植人参醇提物小、中、大剂量(0.25、0.5、1.0g生药/kg)组,每组14只。各组小鼠连续灌胃给药3个月后进行戊巴比妥钠催眠、戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠及水合氯醛阈下催眠实验。结果戊巴比妥钠催眠实验中,与对照组比较,人参原粉小、中、大剂量组,人参水提物小、中、大剂量组及人参醇提物小、中、大剂量组睡眠的潜伏期及睡眠持续时间无明显变化(P0.05);戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠,水合氯醛阈下催眠实验中,与对照组比较,人参原粉小、中、大剂量组,人参水提物小、中、大剂量组及人参醇提物小、中、大剂量组30min内睡眠发生率无明显变化(P0.05)。结论 5年生种植人参食用对正常成年小鼠睡眠无明显影响。  相似文献   

Correction: Xiao,X., et al. Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Induction in Human Tumor Cells by Galaxamide and Its Analogues. Mar. Drugs 2014, 12, 4521–4538     

Xi Xiao  Xiaojian Liao  Shaoling Qiu  Zihao Liu  Bin Du  Shihai Xu 《Marine drugs》2014,12(10):5123

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