Functional properties of soils formed from biochemical ripening of dredged sediments—subsidence mitigation in delta areas     

Oliveira  Bruna R. F.  Smit  Martijn P. J.  van Paassen  Leon A.  Grotenhuis  Tim C.  Rijnaarts  Huub H. M. 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(1):286-298

Journal of Soils and Sediments - In delta areas, dense networks of canals have been developed through time and have to be periodically dredged. Lowering the groundwater level in delta areas deepens...  相似文献   

Postharvest application of ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene either before or after curing affects onion (Allium cepa L.) bulb quality during long term cold storage     

Katherine Downes  Gemma A. Chope  Leon A. Terry   《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2010,55(1):36-44

The storability of onion bulbs is dependent on the incidence and rate of sprout growth. Exogenous ethylene applied continuously has been demonstrated to act as a sprout suppressant in onion. However, the ethylene binding inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), can also suppress sprouting in onion. Given this seemingly contradictory result, the precise role that ethylene plays during onion storage and the effect of curing on its efficacy is not understood.‘Sherpa’ and ‘Wellington’ onion bulbs were treated before or after curing (28 °C for 6 weeks) with a single dose of 10 μL L⁻¹ ethylene or 1 μL L⁻¹ 1-MCP for 24 h at 20 °C, or no treatment (control). Replicated out-turns were sampled during 38 weeks storage at 0–1 °C. Sprout growth (31 weeks after harvest) was reduced in ‘Sherpa’ treated before curing with ethylene or before or after curing with 1-MCP. However, sprout growth of ‘Wellington’ was not affected by any treatment. Following treatment, the cured, thick-skinned ‘Wellington’ released a lower concentration of treatment gas compared with the newly harvested, thin-skinned ‘Sherpa’. Onion bulb respiration rate increased immediately after being treated with ethylene but to a lesser extent or not at all when treated with 1-MCP. Fructose concentrations of onions treated with ethylene or 1-MCP before curing were not significantly different, however, after curing concentrations were about 2-fold higher compared with the control. Mean glucose and sucrose concentrations for both cultivars were higher immediately after being treated before curing with ethylene or 1-MCP than control bulbs. It appears that inhibition of sprout growth can be achieved using just a short 24 h treatment with ethylene or 1-MCP. However, skin thickness or permeability, which is dependent on cultivar and curing, may affect ethylene or 1-MCP influx and therefore efficacy of sprout suppressant action.  相似文献   

Microalgal bacterial flocs originating from aquaculture wastewater treatment as diet ingredient for Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone)          下载免费PDF全文

Sofie Van Den Hende  Leon Claessens  Eric De Muylder  Han Vervaeren 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1075-1089

Microalgal bacterial flocs (MaB‐flocs) in sequencing batch reactors are a novel and promising technology to treat aquaculture wastewater. To improve the economics of this technology, the harvested MaB‐flocs should be valorized. Therefore, we investigated if MaB‐flocs from an outdoor pilot reactor treating pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) wastewater can be used as a colour enhancing ingredient for shrimp diets. Considering the nutritional composition and high ash content of MaB‐flocs, five iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐lipidic shrimp diets were formulated by replacing 2–8% of the basal diet ingredients by MaB‐flocs. These diets were continuously fed to juvenile Pacific white shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) cultured in a hybrid recirculating aquaculture system. The addition of these relatively low amounts of MaB‐flocs to shrimp diets significantly increased the pigmentation (redness and yellowness) of cooked shrimp tails. The diet modifications did not affect the shrimp survival, weight gain, size distribution and food conversion rate, nor did they affect the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of the raw shrimp muscle. This shows that MaB‐flocs originating from treatment of pikeperch wastewater can substitute 8% of diet ingredients of Pacific white shrimp while enhancing its pigmentation.  相似文献   

Bacterial community composition of sediments from a milkfish Chanos chanos Forsskål farm          下载免费PDF全文

Sheila Mae S Santander – de Leon  Wolfgang Reichardt  Shielameh Peralta‐Milan  Maria Lourdes San Diego‐McGlone  Sharon Nonato Nuñal  Hongyi Wei  Takeshi Yoshikawa  Suguru Okunishi  Hiroto Maeda 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(8):2569-2581

Bacterial communities in sediments underneath milkfish cages and adjacent off‐cage areas in Bolinao, Lingayen Gulf, West Philippine Sea were characterized using PCR‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to assess influence of the fish farming to the sediments. The sediments in the fish cage (FC) area showed anoxic conditions [redox potential of ?165 to ?213 mV and acid‐volatile sulphide‐sulphur (AVS‐S) of 0.55–1.88 mg g^?1 (dry weight)] compared to the relatively oxic off‐cage area [redox potential of 72–81 mV and AVS‐S of 0.09–0.14 mg g^?1 (dry weight)]. The composition of the microbial populations revealed influence of the fish feed sedimentation with higher dominance of putative sulphate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) in the FC area. Compositions of the bacterial taxa showed dominance of the Bacteroidetes group and Deltaproteobacteria. The results suggest that the fish feeds created a new suitable environment, in which reductive microorganisms such as SRB, ferric‐ion‐reducing bacteria and nitrate‐reducing bacteria can thrive. Organic load from the feed and quantity of its leftover constituents may be the key factors that influence the structure of the bacterial community in the sediments of the milkfish farms.  相似文献   

Birnavirus-associated proventriculitis in French broiler chickens     

Marguerie J  Leon O  Albaric O  Guy JS  Guerin JL 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(15):394-396

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Using the World Wide Web to Educate and Inform the Public About Risk and Agricultural Biotechnology     

Douglas A. Golick  Robert K. D. Peterson  Leon G. Higley 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2013,14(2):102-112

The University of Nebraska and AgBios, Inc. launched the AgBiosafety website (http://agbiosafety.unl.edu) with the purpose of educating the public about agricultural biotechnology risk and safety issues through science-based content. This article discusses the creation of the website, its components, and data gathered from usage statistics and a web-delivered survey. Also included is a discussion of the results of data gathered and recommendations for future web-based educational efforts in biotechnology safety and risk assessment.  相似文献   

Nature conservation in Spain: A brief account     

M.G. de Viedma  F. Leon  R. Coronado 《Biological conservation》1976,9(3):181-190

The history of nature conservation in Spain is reviewed with reference to public attitudes past, present and future. The eight National Parks are listed and described in terns of their location, date of foundation, extension and main historical, floristic and faunistic characteristics.The various other types of reserve and their aims and functions are alluded to and the significance of the role played by ICONA (National Institute for the Conservation of Nature) through the declaration and administration of these vast areas is stressed.Ample comment is made on the deficiency of past and current legislation and hope is expressed in connection with the May 1975 Law for the Creation and Conservation of Protected Natural Spaces.  相似文献   

Veterinary Conversations with Mid-Twentieth Century Leaders          下载免费PDF全文

Leon Z. Saunders 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1996,37(12):764-766

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Cytochrome P-450 in insects. 6. Age dependency and phenobarbital induction of cytochrome P-450, P-450 reductase,and monooxygenase activities in susceptible and resistant strains of Musca domestica     

Daniel R. Vincent  Alison F. Moldenke  Dan E. Farnsworth  Leon C. Terriere 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1985,23(2):171-181

Development and phenobarbital (PB) induction of microsomal cytochrome P-450, cytochrome P-450 reductase, two epoxidation, and two O-demethylation activities were examined in chronologically timed populations of insecticide-susceptible (NAIDM) and -resistant (Rutgers) house flies. Measurements of these enzymes started with the pharate adult stage and ended 5 days following eclosion. Untreated insects of both strains had comparable reductase levels, whereas cytochrome P-450 and associated monooxygenase activities were 1.5-fold or more higher in Rutgers. Maximum induction, as well as toxicity, occurred at a lower PB concentration in NAIDM than Rutgers. The drug caused consistently higher increases in enzymes and activities within 12 hr of starting treatment in both strains. When PB was withdrawn from treated flies (both strains) 48 hr after treatment began, specific activities (product min^?1 mg protein^?1) in all enzymes returned to control values in 24 hr while metabolic capacity (product min^?1 insect^?1) achieved control values within 48 hr. The changes in turnover numbers (pmol product min^?1 pmol P-450^?1), in conjunction with the differences in the monooxygenation of the four substrates, suggest that PB treatment induced both a quantitative and qualitative change in NAIDM monooxygenation but only a quantitative change in Rutgers monooxygenation.  相似文献   

Sero-epidemiological survey of porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) infection in breeding herds in southeastern Spain.     

M J Cubero  L Leon  A Contreras  I Lanza  E Zamora  M R Caro 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1992,39(4):290-298

In 1987 we conducted a sero-epidemiological survey in the Murcia Region (South-East Spain) to discover the prevalence and spread of PRCV-infection among breeding pigs and farms and determine the association between herd size and geographical zone with PRCV-infection. The Murcia Region was divided into four geographical zones and the farms classified by size in four categories. The random sample was statistically representative of both the breeding stock and farms in each geographical zone. We analysed 6,000 breeding pigs from 480 farms. The immunological techniques employed were indirect ELISA and blocking ELISA. The prevalence (P +/- IC) of PRCV-seropositive breeding pigs and infected breeding farms was 14.53 +/- 0.89% and 21.87 +/- 7.83% respectively. On 55% of the infected farms, the prevalence of seropositive breeding pigs was 60-100%. PRCV-infection appears spread throughout the four geographical zones of the Murcia Region. However, a significant association (p less than 0.01) was observed between geographical zone and the prevalence of PRCV-infection. A herd size of greater than 50 breeding pigs had a greater risk (p less than 0.01) of PRCV-infection.  相似文献