中国对虾体内维生素C的含量及其变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王安利  王维娜  刘存岐  王所安 《水产学报》1992,16(3):272-274

维生素C又名抗坏血酸,它是对虾生长、代谢及维持正常生理功能所必需的有机化合物。对维生素C的需求量则因对虾的个体大小、生长率、成熟度和环境因子的不同而异。缺乏维生素C不仅影响对虾蜕皮和伤口愈合,而且还会导致患病或降低抗御不良环境的能力。到目前为止,我国养殖对虾配合饵料中所添加的维生素C数量多参照国外虾类的标准,尚无切合中国对虾特点的添加标准,这对我国的  相似文献   

南海北部拖网35．2与30．3mm方目网囊渔获选择性比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张旭丰  张鹏  杨吝  谭永光 《南方水产》2007,3(2):49-54

根据1997年10月和2000年11~12月的拖网网囊网目选择性试验资料,对网目内径35.2mm方目和30.3mm方目网囊的渔获选择性进行了比较和分析。对比试验结果表明,35.2mm方目网囊渔获尾数总逃逸率为39.28%、重量总逃逸率为16.18%,高于30.3mm方目网囊的28.40%和7.47%,35.2mm方目网囊的渔获选择性有所提高;2种规格方目网囊及其套网中出现的渔获种类较为相似,具有释放鱼类种类少、数量低的共同特点,且在渔获选择性能上的差别还不明显,对渔获种类数量的释放效果都相当有限;作为优势释放种类,大头狗母鱼、条尾绯鲤和多齿蛇鲻在2种规格方目网囊中的尾数逃逸率和重量逃逸率分别在42.9%~65.8%和24.2%~45.0%之间;其中条尾绯鲤和多齿蛇鲻的50%选择体长均未达到最低可捕标准。总体来看,2种规格方目网囊对渔获的总体释放效果还不理想,要实现负责任捕鱼,需进一步放大拖网方目网囊的网目尺寸。  相似文献   

香螺雄性生殖系统的显微结构研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

高岩  侯林 《水产科学》2004,23(1):10-13

香螺雌雄异体。雄性生殖系统由精巢和生殖导管构成,生殖导管可根据各段的形态和功能分为贮精囊、输精管和阴茎。生精小管内有处于不同发育时期的初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞。由生殖腺排入生殖导管的,不具有活动能力。输精管壁有丰富的腺细胞构成,起前列腺的作用.为精子提供营养。精于由头部和尾部构成,具有较长的中段,螺旋线粒体鞘内中央为9 2型轴丝,末段糖原颗粒包围中央轴丝。  相似文献   

池塘养殖增氧方式效果比较   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

林海  周刚  周军  李旭光  王嘉俊  赵林华 《水产养殖》2010,31(5):42-44

为了解微孔增氧对池塘水体能量流动、水质及养殖效益的影响,对2种不同增氧方式下3个河蟹养殖池塘的养殖周期(4—9月份)进行了水质测定,获得了池塘不同水层的水温、溶氧、氨氮、亚硝酸盐及高锰酸钾盐指数数据。结果表明,夏季高温时采用微孔管道增氧能有效降低表层、底层的温差,一定程度上降低底层水温。微孔管道增氧能有效增加水体溶氧,开机90min水体底层溶氧增加速率是普通增氧机的5倍;6—9月份采用微孔增氧的池塘水体较普通增氧,NO2-N低70﹪以上,NH3-N低22.9﹪以上,高锰酸钾盐指数低20﹪以上,取得了较高的经济效益。  相似文献   

Plasma levels of immune factors and sex steroids in the male seahorse <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hippocampus erectus</Emphasis> during a breeding cycle     

Tingting Lin  Xin Liu  Dongxue Xiao  Dong Zhang 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(3):889-899

To better understand the endocrine- and immune-response pattern during reproduction in a fish species having parental care behaviors and also to accumulate the endocrine- and immune-related data for future explanations of the low reproductive efficiency in seahorse species, the variations of immune factors and sex steroids in the plasma of the male lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus at different breeding stages, i.e., pre-pregnancy, pregnancy (early, middle, and late periods), and post-pregnancy, were investigated in the present study. The immune factors included monocytes/leucocytes (M/L), leucocyte phagocytic rate (LPR), immunoglobulin M (Ig M), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-α (IFN-α), and lysozyme (LZM). The sex steroids included testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), 11β-hydroxytestosterone (11β-OHT), 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-hydroxy-20β-dihydroprogesterone (17α-20β-P). Moreover, the immune metabolic activity of epithelium cells in the brood pouch at different breeding stages was also analyzed through ultrastructural observations of the abundance of cytoplasmic granules, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and exocytosis. The results show that a higher immune level was observed during pregnancy, particularly in the early and middle periods, and a lower immune level was noted during pre-pregnancy. Correspondingly, the epithelium cells in the brood pouch also showed a stronger immune metabolic activity during pregnancy and weaker activity during pre-pregnancy. Four sex steroids of T, 11β-OHT, 17α-MT, and E2 were higher during pre-pregnancy and lower during post-pregnancy, whereas 11-KT and 17α-20β-P, which were positively correlated with part immune factors, were higher during pregnancy. No negative correlations between sex steroids and immune factors were observed. In conclusion, the higher immune competence during pregnancy may indicate that parental care could improve immunity, which may be the major factor for no immunosuppressive effect of sex steroids during reproduction in the seahorse H. erectus, unlike noncaregiving fishes in which inhibitions of sex steroids on immunity are frequently observed. Moreover, higher 11-KT and 17α-20β-P during pregnancy than during pre-pregnancy and post-pregnancy may suggest that these two steroids are also involved in parental care regulation.  相似文献   

特异性鸡蛋抗体防治中华鳖红脖子病的初步研究     

林星  黄怀英  周建武 《水产学杂志》2005,18(1):56-60

选用引起中华鳖红脖子病的嗜水气单胞菌菌株,以灭活菌株作为抗原,对母鸡进行免疫,从鸡蛋中得到抗该病原的特异性鸡蛋抗体,适用浸泡及口服免疫法,并将该特异性鸡蛋抗体应用于中华鳖红脖子病的免疫防治试验。结果表明：特异性鸡蛋抗体对中华鳖红脖子病有较强的免疫保护率,浸泡浓度大于0．6ppm时,免疫保护率可达64．3％;口服免疫法每千克饲料必须添加0．2克鸡蛋抗体时,才具有较好的免疫作用。  相似文献   

江黄颡鱼人工繁育的初步研究     

赵鑫  黄凯  谢瑞涛  张盛  林岗 《水产养殖》2010,31(1):13-17

对江黄颡鱼人工繁殖和育苗进行了试验。以PG(鲤鱼脑垂体激素)、HCG(绒毛膜促性腺激素)等催产药物进行混合催产,水温24～26℃,效应时间为20～24h,产卵率为90%以上。采用等渗液稀释磨碎的精巢进行人工授精,用塑料网片着卵板粘卵,在孵化池内孵化,平均孵化率为87%。研究结果表明:江黄颡鱼在广西的适宜催产季节为4月中旬至6月底,工厂化育苗的饵料可用丰年虫和适口虾料来解决。  相似文献   

四氯乙烯和镉联合胁迫对草鱼SOD和POD活性影响     

石金铭  王雪琪  冯林  韩暖  吕依丹  王桂燕 《水生态学杂志》2018,39(1):98-104

为了考察超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)是否可以作为四氯乙烯(PCE)和镉(Cd2+)联合污染生物指标,采用静水生物测试法,研究了PCE和Cd2+联合胁迫对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肝胰脏、肾脏和鳃组织SOD以及肝胰脏、肾脏POD的影响。结果表明:(1)PCE和Cd2+复合污染胁迫时,草鱼肝胰脏SOD随着时间变化呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,且最高浓度组始终低于对照;(2)肾脏SOD在所有暴露浓度组随着时间变化呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,除最低浓度组在120 h显著高于对照外,其他均显著低于对照;(3)鳃组织SOD也呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,但始终低于对照;(4)高浓度组(1/4TU和1/2TU)草鱼肝胰脏和肾脏POD活性随着暴露时间变化呈"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,但肝胰脏和肾脏的POD活性始终显著低于对照(P0.05);(5)草鱼鳃组织SOD活性明显低于肝胰脏和肾脏。PCE和Cd2+分别破坏了酶的蛋白结构和诱导了鱼体细胞膜的脂质过氧化,二者联合污染比单一污染加剧了草鱼的毒性效应。  相似文献   

罗氏沼虾育苗水质变动因子及处理技术的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

江敏  臧维玲  陈飞舟  朱正国  王为东  刘波  沈林华  王建良  王建忠  张士宏 《水产科技情报》1999,26(5):195-201

针对目前罗氏沼虾育苗生产操作流程,作者研究了育苗池中三态氮、ＣＯＤ 及ｐＨ 等水质变化状况,其特点是这些化学指标无明显的昼夜变化,但ＮＨ３－Ｎ、ＮＯ２－ －Ｎ 含量较高,并呈现波动式上升的趋势,ＣＯＤ 含量较为稳定。从育苗安全性需要出发,还研究了育苗水的预处理模式以及投饵、换水、施药对育苗池水质的影响,结果表明,对河口天然水进行预处理是必要的,作为常规在操作管理上坚持每天彻底排污、适时适量换水、合理用药能有效控制育苗水的水质状况,即使采取高密度（ Ｚ１：２２万尾／ｍ ２）育苗也能获得较高的出苗率  相似文献   

Effects of alternative dietary lipid sources on growth performance,health status and fillet fatty acid composition of hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser baeri Brandt ♀ × Acipenser schrenckii Brandt ♂)     

Huanhuan Yu  Wei Xing  Tieliang Li  Guanling Xu  Zhihong Ma  Na Jiang  Lin Luo 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(5):1419-1430

An 8‐week trial was conducted to determine the effects of total replacement of 12.9% fish oil (FO) with soybean oil (SBO), peanut oil (PNO), sunflower seed oil (SFSO), corn oil (CO) and canola oil (CNO) on growth performance, health status and fillet fatty acid composition of hybrid sturgeon (194.28 ± 0.14 g). Compared to the FO group, dietary SBO decreased growth performance (p < .05), increased serum glucose and hepatic lipid content (p < .05). No obvious adverse effects on growth performance and health status were observed in PNO, SFSO and CO groups (p > 0.05). The fish fed with CNO had increased growth performance (p < .05), reduced serum ALT, AST, LDL‐C (p < .05) and enhanced serum GSH‐Px, T‐AOC, and LZM, MPO, C4 (p < .05). The contents of C18:1n9, C18:2n6, and ∑n‐3 PUFA and ∑n‐6 PUFA in fillets showed a positive linear correlation with the diets (p < .05). In summary, PNO, SFSO and CO are probable alternative lipid sources to fully replace FO. Hybrid sturgeon prefers to use CNO as a lipid source with improved growth performance and health status. The fillet fatty acid composition mirrors the dietary fatty acid composition.  相似文献