Acaricidal properties of the essential oil and precocene II obtained from Calea serrata (Asteraceae) on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)     

Ribeiro VL  dos Santos JC  Martins JR  Schripsema J  Siqueira IR  von Poser GL  Apel MA 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,179(1-3):195-198

Calea serrata Less. (Asteraceae), an endemic species of south Brazil known as "quebra-tudo", is used in Afro-Brazilian religious rituals and in folk medicine for treating liver disorders. Phytochemical studies of the n-hexane extract of this plant demonstrated the presence of precocene II, a benzopyran derivative known for its insecticidal activity. The aim of this work was to isolate this benzopyran and determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of C. serrata and further to evaluate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil and precocene II against the larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The LC(99.9) and LC(50) values obtained with the oil, which presents precocene II and sesquiterpenes, were 3.94 μL/mL and 0.28 μL/mL, respectively. For precocene II this values were 4.25mg/mL and 1.78 mg/mL, respectively. The results indicate a synergistic interaction between the components of the oil and precocene II.  相似文献   

Irradiation stability of folic Acid in powder and aqueous solution     

Araújo MM  Marchioni E  Bergaentzle M  Zhao M  Kuntz F  Hahn E  Villavicencio AL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1244-1248

This study attempts to examine the folic acid stability after irradiation treatment, under different physical states, pH values, and atmosphere conditions. Aqueous folic acid samples, folic acid in powder, and wheat flour fortified with folic acid were irradiated by an electron beam (E-beam) between 0 (control) and 10.0 kGy. It was realized that the physical state of folic acid plays an important role on its stability toward E-beam processing, being largely unstable in solution, no matter the pH and atmosphere conditions assayed. Otherwise, folic acid in powder showed huge irradiation stability, even when mixed in a dry food matrix, such as fortified wheat flour samples.  相似文献   

Across-breed validation study confirms and identifies new loci associated with sexual precocity in Brahman and Nellore cattle     

Thaise Pinto de Melo  Marina Rufino Salinas Fortes  Ben Hayes  Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque  Roberto Carvalheiro 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2020,137(2):139-154

The aim of this study was to identify candidate regions associated with sexual precocity in Bos indicus. Nellore and Brahman were set as validation and discovery populations, respectively. SNP selected in Brahman to validate in Nellore were from gene regions affecting reproductive traits (G1) and significant SNP (p ≤ 10^–3) from a meta-analysis (G2). In the validation population, early pregnancy (EP) and scrotal circumference (SC) were evaluated. To perform GWAS in validation population, we used regression and Bayes C. SNP with p ≤ 10^–3 in regression and Bayes factor ≥3 in Bayes C were deemed significant. Significant SNP (for EP or SC) or SNP in their ±250 Kb vicinity region, which were in at least one discovery set (G1 or G2), were considered validated. SNP identified in both G1 and G2 were considered candidate. For EP, 145 SNP were validated in G1 and 41 in G2, and for SC, these numbers were 14 and 2. For EP, 21 candidate SNP were detected (G1 and G2). For SC, no candidate SNP were identified. Validated SNP and their vicinity region were located close to quantitative trait loci or genes related to reproductive traits and were enriched in gene ontology terms related to reproductive success. These are therefore strong candidate regions for sexual precocity in Nellore and Brahman.  相似文献   

Mapping genomic regions for reproductive traits in beef cattle: Inclusion of the X chromosome     

Iara Del Pilar Solar Diaz  Gregório Miguel Ferreira de Camargo  Valdecy Aparecida Rocha da Cruz  Isis da Costa Hermisdorff  Caio Victor Damasceno Carvalho  Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque  Raphael Bermal Costa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(11):1650-1654

Although the second largest chromosome of the genome, the X chromosome is usually excluded from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Considering the presence and importance of genes on this chromosome that are involved in reproduction, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of its inclusion in GWAS on reproductive traits (scrotal circumference [SC], early pregnancy [P16] and age at first calving [AFC]) in a Nelore herd. Genotype data from 3,263 animals with the above-mentioned phenotypes were used. The results showed an increase in the variances explained by the autosomal markers for all traits when the X chromosome was not included. For SC, there was an increase of more than 10% for the windows on chromosomes 2 and 6. For P16, the effect was increased by almost 20% for windows on chromosome 5. The same pattern was found for AFC, with an increase of more than 10% for the most important windows. The results indicate that the noninclusion of the X chromosome can overestimate the effects of autosomes on SC, P16 and AFC not only because of the additive effect of the X chromosome itself but also because of its epistatic effect on autosomal genes.  相似文献   

Serum concentrations of leptin in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches     

Alessandro Troisi  Lucia Cardinali  Laura Menchetti  Roberto Speranza  John P. Verstegen  Angela Polisca 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(4):454-459

Leptin regulates body weight and several physiological processes including reproduction. We evaluated the circulating levels of leptin in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches as well as their correlation with body weight, food intake and number of foetuses. Nineteen healthy German shepherd bitches were used and divided in two groups (pregnant n = 12 and non-pregnant n = 7). Blood samples were collected every 15 days starting from ovulation (Day 0) throughout pregnancy (pregnant group, P) or throughout luteal phase (non-pregnant group, NP) In pregnant bitches, leptin concentrations increased from the day of ovulation (1.32 ± 0.06 ng/ml) up to day 45 (1.51 ± 0.06 ng/ml; p < .01) and returned to baseline values from day 60 post-ovulation. In non-pregnant bitches, leptin concentrations remained constant throughout the whole observation period (estimated marginal mean ± SE=1.33 ± 0.38 ng/ml). Pairwise comparisons showed significant differences between P and NP at day 45 post-ovulation (p < .05). Multivariable models indicated that, controlling for time and litter size, there was a positive relationship between leptin concentration and BW (p < .05) although Pearson coefficients showed that the correlation between BW and leptin was only significant in NP animals at day 45 (r = 0.76, p < .05). The multivariable approach also suggested that, holding BW and time constant, leptin concentrations tend to increase as the number of puppies increased (p = .06). Our study supports indirectly the contribution of the feto-placental unit to the circulating maternal leptin concentration.  相似文献   

Computed tomographic and radiographic morphometric study of cardiac and coelomic dimensions in captive blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva,Linnaeus, 1758) with varying body condition scores     

Gisele J. dos Santos  Jeana P. da Silva  Alícia G. Hippólito  Bárbara S. Ferro  Elton Luís R. Oliveira  Priscylla Tatiana C. G. Okamoto  Maria Lucia G. Lourenço  Vania Maria de Vasconcelos Machado  Sheila C. Rahal  Carlos R. Teixeira  Alessandra Melchert 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(2):299-306

This study aimed to assess radiographic and tomographic cardiac parameters, including width and length of the heart, and the ratio of heart width to coelom width of blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) with varying body condition scores. Thirty-five captive birds were included in the study and were allocated into one of three groups according to their respective body condition score: lean, ideal and obese. No differences were observed among the groups with regard to radiographic and tomographic measurements. Computed tomography enabled better identification of the structures of the cardiovascular system without interference from the overlying structures of the celomatic cavity observed in radiographic images. However, radiographic examinations should still be considered the standard screening method to identify cardiac alterations, such as increased or reduced organ dimensions. Standardizing the techniques and measurements performed in this study may serve as a basis for further research in the field.  相似文献   

Development,Survival, and Reproduction of Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) Reared on Frankliniella invasor (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)     

Lucia Carrillo-Armbula  Francisco Infante 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(3)

The minute pirate bug Orius insidiosus (Say) is an important predator in mango agroecosystems. It attacks several species of thrips, particularly Frankliniella invasor Sakimura, which is considered a species of economic importance in mango. We investigated the effect of six diets on the development, survival, and reproduction of O. insidiosus: 1) first instars of F. invasor, 2) second instars, 3) adults, 4) pollen, 5) pollen plus thrips larvae, and 6) water. Individuals fed on thrips larvae, with or without pollen, completed their immature development significantly faster. Nymphs of O. insidiosus were able to complete their development feeding on pollen only, while individuals that received water as a diet were unable to reach the adult stage. The highest intrinsic growth rate was obtained when O. insidiosus were fed on pollen plus thrips larvae, and the lowest when individuals were fed on thrips adults. Our studies show that a diet of pollen plus F. invasor larvae is optimal for O. insidiosus development and population growth.  相似文献   

Soil bacterial communities under slash and burn in Mozambique as revealed by a metataxonomic approach     

Dominique SERRANI  Ilario FERROCINO  Cristiana GAROFALO  Andrea OSIMANI  Maria Rita CORVAGLIA  Vesna MILANOVI&#;  Lucia AQUILANTI  Stefania COCCO  Valeria CARDELLI  Rog&#;rio Borguete Alves RAFAEL  Elena FRANCIOSI  Kieran TUOHY  Francesca CLEMENTI  Giuseppe CORTI 《土壤圈》2023,33(3):508-520

The slash-and-burn system is a subsistence agronomical practice widespread in tropical areas worldwide. This system has been extensively studied,especially for its impacts on agronomical aspects and soil physicochemical properties; however, knowledge of soil microbial diversity under slash and bum is scarce. In this study, for the first time, soil bacterial diversity of three locations from Central Mozambique, where slash and burn has been practiced for different durations of the forest fallow p...  相似文献   

Can scale-dependent landcover relationships explain canid community composition independent of intraguild occupancy?     

Corral  Lucia  Stuber  Erica F.  Frink  Teresa J.  Bishop  Andrew A.  Fontaine  Joseph J. 《Landscape Ecology》2022,37(1):249-266

Landscape Ecology - Niche theory is frequently used as a framework to integrate environmental variables and species interactions to describe species geographic distribution. Yet, the scale at which...  相似文献   

(Methyl)Mercury,Arsenic, and Lead Contamination of the World’s Largest Wastewater Irrigation System: the Mezquital Valley (Hidalgo State—Mexico)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guédron  Stéphane  Duwig  Céline  Prado  Blanca Lucia  Point  David  Flores  Marizol Giovana  Siebe  Christina 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2014,225(8):1-19

We investigate the potential of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to predict some heavy metals content (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr and Ni) in several soil types in Stara Zagora Region, South Bulgaria, as affected by the size of calibration set using partial least squares (PLS) regression models. A total of 124 soil samples from the 0–20 and 20–40 cm layers were collected from fields with different cropping systems. Total Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr and Ni concentrations were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Spectra of air dried soil samples were obtained using an FT-NIR Spectrometer (spectral range 700–2,500 nm). PLS calibration models were developed with full-cross-validation using calibration sets of 90 %, 80 %, 70 % and 60 % of the 124 samples. These models were validated with the same prediction set of 12 samples. The validation of the NIR models showed Cu to be best predicted with NIR spectroscopy. Less accurate prediction was observed for Zn, Pb and Ni, which was classified as possible to distinguish between high and low concentrations and as approximate quantitative. The worst model performance in cross-validation and prediction was for Cr. Results also showed that values of root mean square error in cross-validation (RMSE_cv) increased with decreasing number of samples in calibration sets, which was particularly clear for Cu, Pb, Ni and Cr content. A similar tendency was observed in the prediction sets, where RMSEP values increased with a decrease in the number of samples, particularly for Pb, Ni and Cr content. This tendency was not clear for Zn, while even an increase in RMSEP for Cu with the sample size was observed. It can be concluded that NIR spectroscopy can be used to measure heavy metals in a sample set with different soil type, when sufficient number of soil samples (depending on variability) is used in the calibration set.  相似文献